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| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutches or Litters per year | 1-2 | clutches/yr | Both Male and Female | Adult | southern Minnesota | 48 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Clutch or Litter Size | 5.65 | average clutch size, 2 years | 1.17 SD | 3-7 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | southern Minnesota | 46 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Hatching Success | 4.18 | average number of eggs hatched per nest | 2.33 SD | hatchlings/nest | Not Reported | Hatchling | southern Minnesota | 51 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 3.02 | average number of fledglings produced per nesting attempt | 2.07 SD | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | southern Minnesota | 60 nesting attempts | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Survival/ Mortality | 0.47 | annual adult survival (based on reoccupancy rate from the previous year), over 3 years | Both Male and Female | Adult | southern Minnesota | 16-37 territories/year | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | average clutch sizes, 2 years | 4.91-5.56 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | eastern Ontario, Quebec | 27-52 pairs/yr | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 17 | average incubation period, 2 years | 15-20 | d | Not Reported | Embryo | eastern Ontario, Quebec | 27-52 pairs/yr | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Hatching Success | average number of hatchlings per nest, 2 years | 4.20-5.42 | hatchlings/nest | Not Reported | Hatchling | eastern Ontario, Quebec | 27-52 pairs/yr | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning | 14-16 | d | Not Reported | Fledgling | eastern Ontario, Quebec | 27-52 pairs/yr | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | average number of young surviving to fledge per nest, 2 years | 3.90-4.17 | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | eastern Ontario, Quebec | 27-52 pairs/yr | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutches or Litters per year | 1-2 | clutches/yr | Both Male and Female | Adult | eastern Ontario, Quebec | 27-52 pairs/yr | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | 9.3 | 3.8 SD | ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County | 10 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 1.1 | mean number of fledglings produced per nesting attempt | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County | 24 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Clutch or Litter Size | 3.8 | mean clutch size | 0.9 SD | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County | 24 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Hatching Success | 33.8 | percent of eggs that produced hatchlings by the day after the first hatch | 47.6 SD | % | Not Reported | Hatchling | Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County | 24 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 33.0 | mean body weight of 10 day old nestlings | 2.6 SD | 28.5-37.1 | g | Not Reported | Nestling | Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County | 18 nestlings | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Clutches or Litters per year | number of clutches laid per season per pair | 1-2 | clutches/pair | Both Male and Female | Adult | Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County | 10 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | 8.35 | mean territory size in pasture habitat | 0.66 SD | 5.3-9.6 | ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Archbold Biological Station near Lake Placid | 6 territories | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Dietary Composition | Odonata (12.1), Hemiptera (23.0), Coleoptera (22.3), Lepidoptera (7.3), Orthoptera (16.8), Hyla cinerea (7.6), H. squirella (1.7), Gastrophyne carolensis (0.9), Rana spenocephala (0.4), Anolis carolinensis (2.8), Scincella lateralis (4.1), Eumeces inexpectatus (1.0) | percent of total prey items caught by observed pairs | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | Archbold Biological Station near Lake Placid | 6 territories | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Orthoptera (59); Lepidoptera (15); Coleoptera (10); arthropod larvae (8); mammals; reptiles and amphibians (4); unident. arthropods (3) | percent of total identified prey items delivered to the nest | % | Not Reported | Nestling | York County | 1 pair, 155 identified prey | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Mollusca (0.00), Crustacea (0.27), Arachnida (0.14), Insecta (14.77), Reptilia (53.29), Mammalia (27.66), Aves (3.86) | percent of total prey found in pellets by biomass | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | San Clemente Island | 1238 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | range in density of pairs, 4 years | 1/4.3 to 1/11.6 | pairs/km | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Clemente Island | 5-13 pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 2.33 | mean number of fledglings produced per successful nest | 0.34 SD | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | San Clemente Island | 29 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Survival/ Mortality | 45 | percent of fledglings that died before reaching independence from parents | % | Not Reported | Fledgling | San Clemente Island | 29 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Territory Size | 34 | mean pair foraging area during breeding season, 4 years | 12 SD | ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Clemente Island | 12 territories | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Longevity | 3 | adult life expectancy based on duration of home range occupancy | yr | Female | Adult | San Clemente Island | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Hemiptera (34.43%), Orthoptera (18.52%), Lepidoptera (20.63%), Coleoptera (15.26%), Hymenoptera (6.44%), other insects and spiders (2.71%), vegetable food (0.7%) | percent occurrence of food items in stomachs | Not Reported | Not Reported | 52 stomachs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 8-10 | 8.2-10.5 | pairs/acre | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 3.14 | 2.91-3.42 | eggs/nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Population Density | 87-124 | pairs/100 acres | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Clutch or Litter Size | 8.2 | 7.5-9.1 | eggs/pair/year | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Longevity | up to 7 | years | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | 6 animals (from 1000) | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Survival/ Mortality | 80-85 | 1 year or younger | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | oological collections | 3.05-4.17 | eggs/nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | from Baja California to Alaska | 545 records | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | early Feb.-July | Both Male and Female | Adult | California to Washington | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 45.9-82.3 | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | Mandarte Island | 4733 eggs | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 24 Feb-19 April | Both Male and Female | Adult | Mandarte island | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Body Weight - Mean | 3.12 | median egg weight | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | Mandarte island | 387 eggs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 3.28 | eggs/nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | 90 records | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water Ingestion Rate | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Suisun Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
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