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Colaptes auratus

Citation:

Delayed nesting decreases reproductive success in northern flickers: implications for competition with European starlings

Author(s)
Ingold, Danny J.
Pages
321-326
Year
Issue
2
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Hatching Success 5.27 average number of nestlings from clutches laid early in the breeding season (1990-1992, 1994) nestlings/clutch Not Reported Nestling New Concord, Muskingum County (40 deg, 00'N, 81 deg, 46'W) 11 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 3.25 average number of nestlings from clutches laid late in the breeding season (1990-1992, 1994) nestlings/clutch Not Reported Nestling New Concord, Muskingum County (40 deg, 00'N, 81 deg, 46'W) 4 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 5.09 average number of fledglings from clutches laid early in the breeding season (1990-1992, 1994) fledglings/clutch Not Reported Fledgling New Concord, Muskingum County (40 deg, 00'N, 81 deg, 46'W) 11 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 2.75 average number of fledglings from clutches laid late in the breeding season (1990-1992, 1994) fledglings/clutch Not Reported Fledgling New Concord, Muskingum County (40 deg, 00'N, 81 deg, 46'W) 4 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparative reproductive success of yellow-shafted, red-shafted and hybrid flickers across a hybrid zone

Author(s)
Moore, William S. and Walter D. Koenig
Pages
42-51
Year
Volume
103
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size range of mean clutch sizes measured among auratus ssp., cafer ssp., and auratus/cafer hybrid flickers 6.97-7.75 eggs/clutch Female Adult Lincoln, Morrill, Scottsbluff Counties, NE; Platte County, WY 10-32 clutches per subspecies or hybrid group Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success range of mean brood to clutch size ratios measured among male and female auratus ssp., cafer ssp., and auratus/cafer hybrid flickers 0.826-0.903 Both Male and Female Adult Lincoln, Morrill, Scottsbluff Counties, NE; Platte County, WY 4-42 clutches per subspecies or hybrid group Exposure Factor Datasets

Psaltriparus minumus

Citation:

A comparison of transects and point counts in oak-pine woodlands of California

Author(s)
Verner, Jared and Lyman V. Ritter
Pages
47-68
Year
Volume
87
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density 71.2 density estimate on a grazed plot by transect counts using an exponential polynomial model 49.6-92.8 95% CI birds/40 ha Not Reported Not Reported San Joaquin Experimental Range 64 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 72.8 density estimate on an ungrazed plot by point count using an exponential polynomial model 50.1-95.5 95% CI birds/40 ha Not Reported Not Reported San Joaquin Experimental Range 43 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecological and complementarity of three sympatric parids in a California oak woodland

Author(s)
Hertz, Paul E., J.V. Remsen, Jr. and Stacey I. Zones
Pages
307-316
Year
Volume
78
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Territory Size 0.4 average territory size based on > 400 point observations 0.08 0.28-0.52 ha Not Reported Adult Jasper Ridge Biological Experimental Area, nr Portola Valley 12 territories Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 5.37 mean body weight of museum specimens g Not Reported Not Reported 23 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

A field test of the variable circular-plot censusing technique in a California coastal scrub breeding bird community

Author(s)
DeSante, David F.
Pages
177-185
Publisher
Cooper Ornithological Society; Studies in Avian Biology No. 6
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density 2.2 breeding density estimate birds/36 ha Male Adult Palomarin Field Station, Point Reyes Bird Observatory 6 territories Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Flock size, composition, and behavior in a population of bushtits (Psaltriparus minimus)

Author(s)
Ervin, Stephen
Pages
97-191
Year
Issue
2
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Foraging Distance See figure figure showing mapping of approximate ranges of two flocks during one season Both Male and Female Not Reported University of California campus 2 flocks Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The energetic significance of huddling behavior in common bushtits (Psaltriparus minimus)

Author(s)
Chaplin, Susan B.
Pages
424-430
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Metabolic Rate 3.96 approximate basal rate of nocturnal oxygen consumption, measured at 30 deg C cc O^2/g/h Not Reported Adult captured at Occidental College, Los Angeles 12 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Metabolic Rate metabolic rate = 0.36(ambient T) + 14.64 linear regression equation for relationship between nocturnal metabolism and ambient temperature Not Reported Adult captured at Occidental College, Los Angeles 12 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 5.5 mean body weight 0.2 SE g Not Reported Adult captured at Occidental College, Los Angeles 6 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate 35.17 consumption of mealworms at 20 deg C 1.26 SE kJ/d Not Reported Adult captured at Occidental College, Los Angeles 6 birds Exposure Factor Datasets

Ensatina eschscholtzii, Lanius ludovicianus

Citation:

Patterns of growth and movements in a population of Ensatina eschscholtzii platensis (caudata: plethodontidae) in the Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Staub, N.L., C.W. Brown and D.B. Wake
Pages
593-599
Year
Issue
4
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Growth Rate 0.092 change in snout-vent length measured between recaptures (>1000d) 0.0071 mm/d Female Adult Calaveras Big Trees State Park (elev., 1400m) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Sturnella neglecta

Citation:

A determination of the economic status of the western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta) in California

Author(s)
Bryant, Harold C.
Pages
377-510
Year
Issue
14
Volume
11
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density 0.1-1.0 birds/acre Not Reported Not Reported Los Banos, Merced 23-67 birds counted Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Nesting Mar-Aug length of nesting period Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutches or Litters per year 2 usual number of nesting attempts per year nests/yr Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 5 usual number of eggs laid eggs/clutch Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 3 estimated average brood size young/clutch Not Reported Juvenile Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation observed range of incubation periods 12-14 d Not Reported Embryo Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis observed number of days chicks spent in nest 8-10 d Not Reported Fledgling Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate 7 average increase in body weight g/d Not Reported Nestling 2 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 4.00 body weight of average adult oz Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 0.25 body weight of day-old nestling oz Not Reported Nestling 2 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition grain (30.8), weed seed (5.3), miscell. vegetable (0.6), Coleoptera (21.3), Orthoptera (20.3), Lepidoptera (12.2), Hemiptera (1.7), Hymenoptera (5.6), Diptera (0.1), Arachnida (0.2), miscell. insects (1.9) percent contribution to the diet by volume, based on stomach content analyses % Not Reported Not Reported ~2,000 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets

Falco sparverius

Citation:

Growth of body components in parent- and hand-reared captive kestrels

Author(s)
Bird, David M. and Robert G. Clark
Pages
77-84
Year
Issue
3
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Growth Rate 0.250 growth rate of body weight in parent-reared birds Male Nestling 11 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate 0.239 growth rate of body weight in parent-reared birds Female Nestling 8 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 113.4 average body weight 2.0 SE g Male Adult 25 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 120.2 average body weight 5.3 SE g Female Adult 26 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food consumption of a sparrow hawk

Author(s)
Wing, Leonard and Anne H. Wing
Pages
168-170
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Food Ingestion Rate 43.6 average and range of daily caloric intake (food provided ad libidum) 28.0-70.2 cal/d Male Adult 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets

Bubo virginianus

Citation:

The nesting, reproductive performance, and chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in the red-tailed hawk and great horned owl in south-central Montana

Author(s)
Seidensticker, John C. and Harry V. Reynolds
Pages
408-418
Year
Issue
4
Volume
83
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Nesting mid-Feb to Jun 20 period from first territory selection to last brood fledged Both Male and Female Adult south-central Montana 15 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 64% percent of nests known to fledge young Not Reported Fledgling south-central Montana 11 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 100% percent of eggs hatched in nests that produced young Not Reported Nestling south-central Montana 11 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.2 0.2 SE 2-3 eggs/clutch Female Adult south-central Montana 6 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Monitoring great horned owls for pesticide exposure in southcentral Iowa

Author(s)
Buck, Jeremy A., Larry W. Brewer, Michael J. Hooper, George P. Cobb and Ronald J. Kendall
Pages
321-331
Year
Issue
2
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Home Range home range size (minimum convex polygon model) as determined by radiotelemetry 66-400 ha Not Reported Not Reported 22 owls Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Hawks, Owls and Wildlife

Author(s)
Craighead, John J. and Frank C. Craighead, Jr.
Pages
443
Publisher
Dover Publications, Inc.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Foraging Distance 0.25 typical maximum distance between two roosting sites mi Both Male and Female Adult Superior and Ann Arbor townships 11 home ranges Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 1 bird/2000 acres Both Male and Female Not Reported Superior township 11 owls Exposure Factor Datasets
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