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| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 100% (first wave), 82% (second wave) | proportions of eggs hatched of eggs laid | Not Reported | Hatchling | NASA Island, Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge | 54 eggs (second wave) | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 2.33 (first wave), 1.70 (second wave) | average clutch sizes for early and late nesters | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | NASA Island, Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge | 10 nests (first wave), 33 nests (second wave) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 2 | age of birds nesting for the first time | yr | Both Male and Female | Adult | NASA Island, Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge | 10 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 0.69 | statewide average annual fledging rate, 13 years | 0.45-0.94 | fledglings/pair | Not Reported | Fledgling | 832-1708 nesting pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | 40 | radius of nesting territory | cm | Both Male and Female | Adult | Huntington Beach State Park | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 2-3 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Huntington Beach State Park | 12 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foraging Distance | foraging distance from nesting sites | approx. 2 - >2 | mi | Not Reported | Adult | Venice Beach, Huntington Beach, Santa Margarita River | 10-11 surveys/site | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | late Jul | timing of post-fledging dispersal | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | Santa Margarita River | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | late Aug-Sep | timing of departure from breeding areas | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | Santa Margarita River at Camp Pendleton | 4 nesting areas, 2 years | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Clutch or Litter Size | range of average clutch sizes over 2 years | 1.72-2.22 | eggs/clutch | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | Santa Margarita River at Camp Pendleton | 230-336 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Hatching Success | proportion of eggs hatched of total eggs laid over 2 years | 60.8-79.9 | % | Not Reported | Hatchling | Santa Margarita River at Camp Pendleton | 419-734 eggs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Survival/ Mortality | estimated annual mortality rate for two years based on juvenile censuses | 56-74 | % | Not Reported | Juvenile | Santa Margarita River at Camp Pendleton | 92-195 birds counted | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May to Aug | beginning to end of nesting period | Both Male and Female | Adult | Cuixmala Beach [19 deg, 22'14"N, 104 deg 59'31"W] | 1 colony | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Population Density | 40 | density of nests at one colony | nests/1400 m^2 | Both Male and Female | Adult | Cuixmala Beach [19 deg, 22'14"N, 104 deg 59'31"W] | 1 colony | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | range of average clutch sizes, 2 years | 1.38-2.1 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Cuixmala Beach [19 deg, 22'14"N, 104 deg 59'31"W] | 16-58 nests/year | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 17/32 to 33/33 | range of numbers of clutches lost of total numbers of clutches in a colony | Not Reported | Chick, Embryo | coast | 7 colonies, 8 years | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | average number of fledglings produced per pair, over 13 years | 0.4-1.7 | fledglings/pair | Not Reported | Fledgling | Venice (beach) | 35-165 pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | average number of fledglings produced per pair, over 13 years | 0.45-0.94 | fledglings/pair | Not Reported | Fledgling | statewide | 775-1,264 pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 2 | earliest age at which adults were known to breed for the first time | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 186 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Longevity | 13 | age of oldest banded breeding birds | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 40-105 birds/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Survival/ Mortality | 0.88 | overall survival rate for adults that have returned to breed once | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 82-165 breeding pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Survival/ Mortality | 0.16 | rate at which chicks survived to breed at least once | Not Reported | Chick | Venice (beach) | 84-285 chicks/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Longevity | 9.63 | expected number of breeding years per adult bird | 6.55-14.48 95% CI | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 372 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Molt | May-Jul | timing of primary molt | Not Reported | Adult | coastal areas | 190 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Time of Molt | mid/late Jul-Sep | timing of pre-basic molt | Not Reported | Adult | coastal areas | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 76.8 | estimated survival rate of banded juveniles | 2.0 2SE | % | Not Reported | Fledgling | Aransas and San Patricio Counties | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | estimated fledgling production among 4 colonies | 24/88 to 104/112 | fledglings/breeding pairs | Not Reported | Fledgling | Aransas and San Patricio Counties | 26-140 pairs/colony | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Chemical | Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 1.73 | mean clutch size | 1-3 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge | 396 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||||
| DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | 7% decrease | eggshell thickness compared with pre-1947 reference eggs | Female | Adult | Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge | 20 eggs | 0.48 ug/g, wet wt, DDE; 1.08 ug/g, wet wt, PCBs in eggs | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | site contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 0.79-1.31 | mean hatching success during two years of study | eggs hatched/nest | Not Reported | Chick | Sandy Point, West Haven | 545-606 nests per study year | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Nesting | June 16, June 30, July 1 | mean nest-initiation dates over 3 years of study | Both Male and Female | Adult | Yellowstone River | 6-17 nests/study year | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 2.1-2.7 | range of clutch means over 3 years of study | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Yellowstone River | 6-18 clutches/study year | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 0.1-1.4 | range of mean fledging success over 3 study years | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Juvenile | Yellowstone River | 6-18 nests/study year | Exposure Factor Datasets |
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