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Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Lead poisoning in six captive avian species

Author(s)
Beyer, W.N., J.W. Spann, L. Sileo and J.C. Franson
Pages
121-130
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD ACETATE decreased % packed cell volume versus controls Male Adult 10 20 ppm x 1.6(week, after 1st week) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 15 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD ACETATE decreased hemoglobin concentration versus controls Male Adult 10 20 ppm x 1.6(week, after 1st week) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 15 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD ACETATE increased protoporphyrin concentration versus controls Male Adult 10 20 ppm x 1.6(week, after 1st week) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 15 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD ACETATE decreased ALAD enzyme activity versus controls Male Adult 10 20 ppm x 1.6(week, after 1st week) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 15 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD ACETATE increased iron concentration in liver versus controls Male Adult 10 (controls); 30 (treated) 20 ppm x 1.6(week, after 1st week) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 15 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD ACETATE increased liver and kidney Pb concentrations versus controls Male Adult 30 20 ppm x 1.6(week, after 1st week) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 15 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Influence of laying on lead accumulation in bone of mallard ducks

Author(s)
Finley, M.T.; Dieter, M.P.
Pages
123-129
Year
Volume
4
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) one shot: 180.4 (18.1), female; 5.0 (0.6), male two shot: 183.4 (21.2), female; 15.9 (4.1), male mean (SE) lead residues in femur Both Male and Female Adult 20 females, 10 males/group 0, 1, 2 lead shot (206 mg avg wt) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Single dose (one shot); repeated dose (two shot) Gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Toxicity of organic and inorganic selenium to mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Heinz, G.H., D.J. Hoffman and L.G. Gold
Pages
561-568
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENITE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 40, 80 ppm selenite or selenomethionine duckling mortality versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0, 10, 20, 40, or 80 ppm Se as selenomethionine or sodium selenite TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 6 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased food consumption versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0, 10, 20, 40, or 80 ppm Se as selenomethionine or sodium selenite TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 6 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased (liver decreased with selenite only) bw and liver wt versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0, 10, 20, 40, or 80 ppm Se as selenomethionine or sodium selenite TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 6 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of cadmium ingestion and food restriction on energy metabolism and tissue metal concentrations in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Di Giulio, R.T. and P.F. Scanlon
Pages
433-444
Year
Volume
37
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 10, 50 ug/g diet liver cadmium concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect liver Cu concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect liver Zn concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 10, 50 ug/g diet kidney Cd concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Phalacrocorax auritus

Citation:

Significance of chlorinated hydrocarbon residues to breeding pelicans and cormorants

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Joseph J. Hickey, Robert W. Risebrough, Donald F. Hughes, and Robert E. Christensen
Pages
91-112
Year
Volume
83
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 10.4 ppm DDE, 8 ppm est. PCBs, <0.1 ppm DDD, 0.2 ppm DDT residues measured in live and dead eggs Female Adult 11 colonies <0.1-0.08 ppm DDE, <0.01-0.5 ppm est. PCBs, <0.01-0.04 ppm DDD, <0.01-0.01 ppm DDT in dietary fish TOX-EXP IND - accumulation parent diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS negative correlation correlation of egg concentration of DDE and est. PCB's and shell thickness and weight Female Adult 35 eggs <0.1-0.08 ppm DDE, <0.01-0.5 ppm est. PCBs, <0.01-0.04 ppm DDD, <0.01-0.01 ppm DDT in dietary fish TOX-REPRO - physiology parent diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS decreased 8.3% compared with pre-1940 reference measurements eggshell thickness Female Adult 35 eggs <0.1-0.08 ppm DDE, <0.01-0.5 ppm est. PCBs, <0.01-0.04 ppm DDD, <0.01-0.01 ppm DDT in dietary fish TOX-REPRO - physiology parent diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorine residues and shell thinning in Oregon seabird eggs

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J., Lawrence J. Blus and Richard M. Prouty
Pages
15-21
Year
Volume
63
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS no effect shell thickness Female Adult OR coast 10 eggs from 10 nests 1.6 ppm wet wt DDE, 1.3 ppm wet wt PCBs TOX-REPRO - physiology NR dietary Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Embryonic abnormalities and organochlorine contamination in double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) from the upper Great Lakes in 1988

Author(s)
Yamashita, Nobuyoshi, Shinsuke Tanabe, James P. Ludwig, Hiroko Kurita, Matthew E. Ludwig, and Ryo Tatsukawa
Pages
163-173
Year
Volume
79
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increase incidence of deformities in live embryos relative to 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents of PCBs, PCDFs, and PCDDs Not Reported Embryo Lakes Michigan, Huron, Superior, North Channel Not Reported 3.6-7.3 ug/g wet wt TOX-REPRO - development 10-12 days and 21-24 days (embryo ages) in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Biological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in double-crested cormorant chicks (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Author(s)
Sanderson, J. Thomas, Ross J. Norstrom, John E. Elliott, Leslie E. Hart, Kimberly M. Cheng and Gail D. Bellward
Pages
247-265
Year
Volume
41
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS decreased at 276, 672, 1606 ng/kg Mean yolk weight of eggs Female Both Adults and Juveniles Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Lake Ontario 5-12 eggs/dose 131, 250, 276, 672, 1606 ng/kg Toxic Equivalency Factors measured in eggs TOX-REPRO - physiology NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased at 1606 ng/kg total hepatic cytochrome P450 content Not Reported Hatchling Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Lake Ontario 5-12 eggs/dose 131, 250, 276, 672, 1606 ng/kg Toxic Equivalency Factors measured in eggs TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased at 1606 ng/kg hepatic EROD activity Not Reported Hatchling Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Lake Ontario 5-12 eggs/dose 131, 250, 276, 672, 1606 ng/kg Toxic Equivalency Factors measured in eggs TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS positive regression linear regression of hepatic EROD activity or cyt P450 content on Toxic Equivalency Factors Not Reported Hatchling Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Lake Ontario 5-12 eggs/dose 131, 250, 276, 672, 1606 ng/kg Toxic Equivalency Factors measured in eggs TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS negative regression linear regression of wing length on Toxic Equivalency Factors Not Reported Hatchling Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Lake Ontario 5-12 eggs/dose 131, 250, 276, 672, 1606 ng/kg Toxic Equivalency Factors measured in eggs TOX-REPRO - development NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase-inducing potency in ovo and cytosolic Ah receptor binding affinity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: comparison of four avian species

Author(s)
Sanderson, J. Thomas and Gail D. Bellward
Pages
131-145
Year
Volume
132
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) observed at 3, 10, 100 ug/kg mortality Not Reported Hatchling 6-10 eggs/dose 0, 1, 3, 10, 100 ug/kg TOX-REPRO - reproductive success incubation day 22 to hatch egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) no effect body and organ weights Not Reported Hatchling 6-10 eggs/dose 0, 1, 3, 10, 100 ug/kg TOX-REPRO - development incubation day 22 to hatch egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) observed at 3, 10, 100 ug/kg edema Not Reported Hatchling 6-10 eggs/dose 0, 1, 3, 10, 100 ug/kg TOX-REPRO - development incubation day 22 to hatch egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) increased at 10, 100 ug/kg hepatic microsomal cytP450 content Not Reported Hatchling 6-10 eggs/dose 0, 1, 3, 10, 100 ug/kg TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers incubation day 22 to hatch egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) increased at 3, 10, 100 ug/kg hepatic microsomal EROD activity Not Reported Hatchling 6-10 eggs/dose 0, 1, 3, 10, 100 ug/kg TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers incubation day 22 to hatch egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and mercury in wild cormorants, pelicans, their eggs, food and environment

Author(s)
Greichus, Yvonne A. Greichus and R.J. Emerick
Pages
321-328
Year
Issue
6
Volume
9
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
MERCURY (elemental), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 250 Ratio of carcass concentration (4.6 ppm wet wt) to dietary concentration of PCBs Not Reported Adult Lake Pointsett, Dry Lake 10 carcasses <0.05-0.11 PCBs, <0.05-0.11 mercury, 0.016-0.092 OC insecticides; ppm (wet wt) in fish TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
MERCURY (elemental), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 5.7 ppm wet wt PCBs concentration in eggs Female Adult Lake Pointsett, Dry Lake 5 eggs <0.05-0.11 PCBs, <0.05-0.11 mercury, 0.016-0.092 OC insecticides; ppm (wet wt) in fish TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
MERCURY (elemental), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 0.24 ppm wet wt PCBs concentration in carcass Not Reported Juvenile Lake Pointsett, Dry Lake 5 birds <0.05-0.11 PCBs, <0.05-0.11 mercury, 0.016-0.092 OC insecticides; ppm (wet wt) in fish TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
MERCURY (elemental), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 14 Ratio of concentration in carcass (0.64 ppm wet wt mercury) to dietary concentration (fish) Not Reported Adult Lake Pointsett, Dry Lake 10 carcasses <0.05-0.11 PCBs, <0.05-0.11 mercury, 0.016-0.092 OC insecticides; ppm (wet wt) in fish TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
MERCURY (elemental), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 0.29 ppm wet wt mercury mean concentration in eggs Female Adult Lake Pointsett, Dry Lake 5 eggs <0.05-0.11 PCBs, <0.05-0.11 mercury, 0.016-0.092 OC insecticides; ppm (wet wt) in fish TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris

Citation:

The toxicity of p,p'-DDT to the clapper rail

Author(s)
Van Velzen, Aldeen and J.F. Kreitzer
Pages
305-309
Year
Issue
2
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 1612 ppm 5 day dietary LC50 Male Juvenile 7 birds 1,250-2,500 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) 1896 ppm 5 day dietary LC50 Female Juvenile 4 birds 1,500-2,250 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 13.3 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that survived Male Juvenile 7 birds 1,250-2,500 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 19.0 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that survived Female Juvenile 4 birds 1,500-2,250 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 42.9 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that died Male Juvenile 7 birds 1,250-2,500 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 44.6 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that died Female Juvenile 4 birds 1,500-2,250 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
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