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Pelecanus occidentalis (Brown Pelican)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 5.47 µg/g Egg concentration NR Embryo Green Bay 5 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Phalacrocorax auritus (Double-crested Cormorant)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 14560 ng/g lw Premature fetus concentration B Embryo Coastal sites 9 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) 4951 ng/g lw Late-term fetus concentration B Embryo Coastal sites 11 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Bubo virginianus (Great Horned Owl)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 1900 ng/g ww Blubber concentration M Adult Gulf of California 11 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) 3400 ng/g lw Blubber concentration M Adult Gulf of California 11 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Sterna antillarum (Least Tern)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 770 ng/g lw Blubber concentration B Pup Gulf of California 11 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) 1400 ng/g lw Blubber concentration B Pup Gulf of California 11 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Colaptes auratus (Northern Flicker)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Type
DDT (4,4'-) Alaska: 84, California: 1300 ng/g lw Blood concentration B Pup Alaksa: 3 sites in eastern AK, California: 3 sites between Santa Cruz and Monterey Alaska: 3, California: 5 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) Alaska: 210, California: 2950 ng/g lw Blood concentration B Juvenile Alaksa: 3 sites in eastern AK, California: 3 sites between Santa Cruz and Monterey Alaska: 14, California: 6 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Toxicity Factor Datasets

Empidonax traillii (Willow Flycatcher)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 0.001-0.26 ng/mL Plasma concentration B Juvenile Punta Abreojos 39 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental Contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Laterallus jamaicensis (California Black Rail)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 0.84 µg/g ww Feather concentration NR Both Adults and Juveniles Rio Negro Province; rural site: Bariloche; ag site: Valle 45 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Gillichthys mirabilis (Longjaw Mudsucker)

Citation:

Likely population-level effects of contaminants on a resident estuarine fish species: comparing Gillichthys mirabilis population static measurements and vital rates in San Francisco and Tomales Bays.

Author(s)
McGourty, C.R., Hobbs, J.A., Bennett, W.A., Green, P.G., Hwang, H.M., Ikemiyagi, N., Lewis, L. and Cope, J.M.
Issue
6
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) <2 ppb Tissue concentration NR Not Reported Stege Marsh NR NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Turdus migratorius (American robin)

Citation:

Recovery of an American Robin Turdue-Migratorius population after earlier DDT use.

Author(s)
Beaver, D.L.
Issue
3
Volume
51
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) No effect Clutch size See citation See citation NR TOX-REPRO - reproductive success Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorines and reproductive success of birds in orchard and non-orchard areas of central British Columbia, Canada, 1990–91.

Author(s)
Elliott, J.E., Martin, P.A., Arnold, T.W. and Sinclair, P.H.
Issue
4
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) Naramata: 26.3; Cawston: 10.6; Vaseaux: 0.08 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Okanagan Valley Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

An assessment of DDT and other chlorinated compounds and the reproductive success of American robins (Turdus migratorius) breeding in fruit orchards.

Author(s)
Gill, H., Wilson, L.K., Cheng, K.M. and Elliott, J.E.
Issue
1
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) Penticton (1993): 6.5; Kelowna (1994): 3.4; Penticton (1994): 11.2; Penticton (1995): 3.4, Naramata (1997): 11.5; Penticton (1997): 5.9; Naramata (1998): 3.4 mg/kg Egg concentration B Embryo Okanagan Valley Penticton (1993): 23; Kelowna (1994): 1; Penticton (1994): 2; Penticton (1995): 13, Naramata (1997): 19; Penticton (1997): 12; Naramata (1998): 22 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

The effects of environmental exposure to DDT on the brain of a songbird: changes in structures associated with mating and song.

Author(s)
Iwaniuk, A.N., Koperski, D.T., Cheng, K.M., Elliott, J.E., Smith, L.K., Wilson, L.K. and Wylie, D.R.
Issue
1
Volume
173
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 11.530 ug/g ww Egg concentration B Embryo Okanagan Valley 18 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) Decreased Brain size B Adult Okanagan Valley See citation NR TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) Decreased Brain RA and HVC size B Adult Okanagan Valley See citation NR TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) Decreased Brain nucleus intercollicularis size B Adult Okanagan Valley See citation NR TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) Kettle Creek (1993): 0.3; VBNWA (1993): 1.5; ANWA LH (1997): 0.1; UBC (1997): 0.1; EC Park (1997): 0.2; ANWA (1998): 0.1; TY Park (1998): 0.08; UBC (1998): 0.1; ST Park (1998): 0.05 mg/kg Egg concentration Okanagan Valley Kettle Creek (1993): 4; VBNWA (1993): 2; ANWA LH (1997): 6; UBC (1997): 9; EC Park (1997): 1; ANWA (1998): 1; TY Park (1998): 2; UBC (1998): 5; ST Park (1998): 2 NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Environmental contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Antrozous pallidus

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 1.8 ppm; range, 0.6-3.8 ppm (wet wt) mean and range of concentration in carcass, wet wt Both Male and Female Adult near cities 4 bats NR TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR NR Toxicity Factor Datasets

Phalacrocorax auritus

Citation:

Significance of chlorinated hydrocarbon residues to breeding pelicans and cormorants

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Joseph J. Hickey, Robert W. Risebrough, Donald F. Hughes, and Robert E. Christensen
Pages
91-112
Year
Volume
83
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 10.4 ppm DDE, 8 ppm est. PCBs, <0.1 ppm DDD, 0.2 ppm DDT residues measured in live and dead eggs Female Adult 11 colonies <0.1-0.08 ppm DDE, <0.01-0.5 ppm est. PCBs, <0.01-0.04 ppm DDD, <0.01-0.01 ppm DDT in dietary fish TOX-EXP IND - accumulation parent diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS negative correlation correlation of egg concentration of DDE and est. PCB's and shell thickness and weight Female Adult 35 eggs <0.1-0.08 ppm DDE, <0.01-0.5 ppm est. PCBs, <0.01-0.04 ppm DDD, <0.01-0.01 ppm DDT in dietary fish TOX-REPRO - physiology parent diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS decreased 8.3% compared with pre-1940 reference measurements eggshell thickness Female Adult 35 eggs <0.1-0.08 ppm DDE, <0.01-0.5 ppm est. PCBs, <0.01-0.04 ppm DDD, <0.01-0.01 ppm DDT in dietary fish TOX-REPRO - physiology parent diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Reproductive failures of double-crested cormorants in southern California and Baja California

Author(s)
Gress, Franklin, Robert W. Risebrough, Daniel W. Anderson, Lloyd F. Kiff and Joseph R. Jehl, Jr.
Pages
197-208
Year
Issue
2
Volume
85
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 28.8% decrease mean thickness of eggshells collected in 1969 compared with pre-1946 museum specimens Female Adult Anacapa Island 17 eggs 754 ppm DDE, 87 ppm PCBs, 2.1 ppm DDD, 7.0 ppm DDT in egg yolk lipids TOX-REPRO - physiology NR parent diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 38.3% decrease mean thickness of eggshells collected in 1969 compared with pre-1946 museum specimens Female Adult Los Coronados Island 23 eggs 574 ppm DDE, 422 ppm PCBs, 13.8 ppm DDD, 5.5 ppm DDT in egg yolk lipids TOX-REPRO - physiology NR parent diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris

Citation:

The toxicity of p,p'-DDT to the clapper rail

Author(s)
Van Velzen, Aldeen and J.F. Kreitzer
Pages
305-309
Year
Issue
2
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) 1612 ppm 5 day dietary LC50 Male Juvenile 7 birds 1,250-2,500 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) 1896 ppm 5 day dietary LC50 Female Juvenile 4 birds 1,500-2,250 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 13.3 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that survived Male Juvenile 7 birds 1,250-2,500 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 19.0 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that survived Female Juvenile 4 birds 1,500-2,250 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 42.9 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that died Male Juvenile 7 birds 1,250-2,500 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 44.6 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that died Female Juvenile 4 birds 1,500-2,250 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 5 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Pelecanus occidentalis ssp. californicus

Citation:

Brown pelicans: Improved reproduction off the southern California coast

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Joseph R. Jehl, Jr., Robert W. Risebrough, Leon A. Woods, Jr., Lawrence R. Deweese, and William G. Edgecomb
Pages
806-808
Year
Volume
190
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) significantly decreased compared to pre-1943 samples eggshell thickness (of intact or broken eggshells) Female Adult Anacapa Island and Isla Coronado Norte 86 eggs 0.03 ppm DDT plus TDE, 0.12 ppm DDE, wet wt in anchovies TOX-REPRO - physiology NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) increased compared to positive control (1969 data) mean number of fledglings produced per nest in 1974 Both Male and Female Fledgling Anacapa Island and Isla Coronado Norte 1286 nests 0.03 ppm DDT plus TDE, 0.12 ppm DDE, wet wt in anchovies TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) non-detectable DDT plus TDE, 96.6 ppm DDE, lipid wet basis concentration in egg contents Female Adult Anacapa Island and Isla Coronado Norte 39 eggs 0.03 ppm DDT plus TDE, 0.12 ppm DDE, wet wt in anchovies TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Pelecanus occidentalis

Citation:

Chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in the diet and eggs of the Florida brown pelican

Author(s)
Thompson, Neal P., Patrick W. Rankin, Patricia E. Cowan, Lovett E. Williams, Jr. and Stephen A. Nesbitt
Pages
331-339
Year
Issue
3
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AROCLOR 1254, DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN 0.896 ppm DDE, 0.256 ppm DDD, 0.166 ppm DDT, 0.208 dieldrin, 2.241 ppm PCB 1254 mean residues in eggs Female Adult east coast 29 eggs 0.017 ppm DDE, 0.016 ppm DDD, 0.020 ppm DDT, 0.005 ppm dieldrin, 0.196 ppm PCB 1254, wet wt TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Aechmophorus occidentalis

Citation:

Organochlorine chemical residues in white pelicans and western grebes from the Klamath Basin, California

Author(s)
Boellstorff, D.E., H.M. Ohlendorf, D.W. Anderson, E.J. O'Neill, J.O. Keith and R.M.Prouty
Pages
485-493
Year
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS no effect eggshell thickness compared with pre-1947 measurements Not Reported Embryo Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge 29 eggs 1.4 ppm DDE, 0.18 ppm DDT+DDD, 2.21 ppm PCBs in eggs TOX-REPRO - physiology NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets

Zenaida macroura

Citation:

Effects of DDT spray on eggs and nestlings of birds

Author(s)
Mitchell, R.T.
Pages
192-194
Year
Issue
3
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (4,4'-) no effect Not Reported Embryo Patuxent Research Refuge 2 eggs 1 lb/gal DDT application to nest applied at 0.4 ml/ft^2 TOX-REPRO - reproductive success single egg surface Toxicity Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris ssp. obsoletus

Citation:

Trace element and organochlorine concentrations in California clapper rail (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) eggs

Author(s)
Lonzarich, David G., Thomas E. Harvey and Jean E. Takekawa
Pages
147-153
Year
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CHLORDANE, DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR, MERCURY (elemental), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS, SELENIUM (elemental) no effect eggshell thickness compared to those of museum eggs from 1907 and 1936 Female Adult North and South San Francisco Bay 29 eggs 0.03-0.17 (oxychlordanes), 0.11-0.58 (trans-nonachlor), 0.81-2.86 (PCB), 0.05-0.26 (cis-chlordane), 0.28-0.84 (DDE), 0.02-0.15 (DDD), <0.01-0.15 (DDT), 0.08-0.19 (dieldrin), <0.01-0.14 (heptachlor epoxide), <0.01-0.15 (cis-nonachlor), 0.55-0.72 (mercury), TOX-REPRO - physiology NR diet (parent) Toxicity Factor Datasets

Bubo virginianus

Citation:

The nesting, reproductive performance, and chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in the red-tailed hawk and great horned owl in south-central Montana

Author(s)
Seidensticker, John C. and Harry V. Reynolds
Pages
408-418
Year
Issue
4
Volume
83
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE no effect eggshell thickness compared to pre-1946 museum speciments Female Adult south-central Montana 3 eggs 0.74 (DDE), 0.07 (DDD + DDT), 0.16 (dieldrin), 0.11 (heptachlor epoxide) ppm, wet wt., in viable eggs TOX-REPRO - physiology NR parent Toxicity Factor Datasets
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