Utah

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Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Effects of dieldrin on homing and orientation in deer mice

Author(s)
Snyder, Ron L.
Pages
362-364
Year
Issue
2
Volume
38
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DIELDRIN decrease at 5 mg/kg homing orientation test, measured as time in maze pointing to capture site Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 15 animals/dose NR Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN decrease at 5 mg/kg homing, measured as number recaptured at pre-exposure site Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 15 animals/dose NR Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Mercury and behavior in wild mouse populations

Author(s)
Burton, Gary V., Robert J. Alley, G. Lynn Rasmussen, Paul Orton, Vance Cox, Paul Jones and Darrell Graff
Pages
30-34
Year
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
MERCURY COMPOUNDS increase and decrease decreased swimming ability, increased time for mouse to leave circle in center of field, decreased number of lines crossed and increased number of backward movements compared to a reference site Male Adult 7 - 14 animals Bird Island, Great Salt Lake Toxicity Factor Datasets

Western Grebe (Aechmophorus occidentalis)

Citation:

Effects of DDE, TDEm and PCBs on shell thickness of western grebe eggs, Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah - 1973-74

Author(s)
Lindvall, Mark L. and Jessop B. Low
Pages
108-111
Year
Issue
3
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-) decreased compared with pre-1940 eggs eggshell thickness index (Ratcliffe's Index) Not Reported Embryo 93 eggs Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorine pesticide and PCB residues in western grebes from Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge

Author(s)
Lindvall, Mark and Jessop B. Low
Pages
754-760
Year
Issue
6
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 12.8 ppm DDE, 0.8 ppm DDD, wet wt mean concentration in breast muscle Not Reported Adult 24 birds Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 61.5 ppm DDE, 5.2 ppm DDD, wet wt mean concentration in visceral fat Not Reported Adult 18 birds Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 0.55 ppm DDE, 0.07 ppm DDD, wet wt mean concentration in blood Not Reported Adult 16 birds Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 6.6 ppm DDE, 1.3 ppm DDD, wet wt mean concentration in whole eggs Not Reported Embryo 40 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nesting ecology and production of western grebes at Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah

Author(s)
Lindvall, Mark L. and Jessop B. Low
Pages
66-70
Year
Issue
1
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying early July peak of laying period Female Adult 386 nests Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 24 incubation period d Both Male and Female Embryo 14 clutches Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.6 mean clutch size eggs Female Adult 70 nests Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 21% percent of nests located in emergent vegetationin which at least one chick hatched Both Male and Female Hatchling 221 nests Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)

Citation:

Notes on kit fox biology in Utah

Author(s)
Daneke, Dennis, Melvin Sunquist and Stephen Berwick
Pages
361-362
Year
Issue
3
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 1.4 calculated with Minimum Area Method km2 Female Adult 4 Pine Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 0.7 SD
Home Range 4.2 calculated with Minimum Area Method km2 Male Adult 5 Pine Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1.5 SD
Home Range 1.9 calculated with Minimum Area Method km2 Female Adult 4 Pine Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1.2 SD
Home Range 1.9 calculated with Minimum Area Method km2 Male Adult 4 Pine Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1.1 SD
Citation:

Ecology and life history of the kit fox in Tooele County, Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
481-497
Year
Issue
3
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 4.2 average body weight lbs Female Adult 6 Tooele County, west. UT Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size pups/litter Female Adult 11 litters Tooele County, west. UT Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 4.55 mean body weight lbs Male Adult 10 Tooele County, west. UT Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Population dynamics of the kit fox in western Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
122-127
Year
Issue
3
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density population density on 10,359.9 ha study area ha/fox Both Male and Female Adult foxes 9-22 western Utah Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal late summer time of juvenile dispersal from natal territory Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported western Utah Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size range of mean litter sizes over four years pups Female Adult 2-6 litters/year western Utah Exposure Factor Datasets
Longevity 5+ average maximum age attained yr Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported western Utah Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Preliminary studies of the kit fox in Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
351-357
Year
Issue
3
Volume
37
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition March to early April time of whelping Female Adult Not Reported Tooele County, west. UT, elev. 4300-4800 ft Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 3.6 pairs/square mile Both Male and Female Adult 9 individuals Tooele County, west. UT, elev. 4300-4800 ft Exposure Factor Datasets

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis)

Citation:

Notes on ecology and food of the Kit fox in Central Utah

Author(s)
Smith, Dwight G.
Pages
96 - 98
Year
Issue
2
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.5 mean litter size pups Female Adult 8 litters Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition black-tailed hare (61.4%), cottontail rabbit (7.7%); also Ord's kangaroo rat, deer mouse, pocket mouse, horned lark, unident. passerine, beetle proportion of total prey items identified in stomach contents Both Male and Female Adult 18 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 4 mean number of pairs on study area pairs/207 km^2 Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 1 mean animal density in study area adult/12.9 km^2 Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Western Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus ssp. nivosus formerly Charadrius alexandrinus ssp. nivosus)

Citation:

Factors affecting interannual movements of snowy plovers

Author(s)
Paton, Peter W.C., and Thomas C. Edwards, Jr.
Pages
534-543
Year
Issue
3
Volume
113
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range (over 4 years) in maximum number of nests active on one day per total area of potential nesting habitat nests/ha Both Male and Female Adult 4 survey years Howard Slough, Great Salt Lake Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density range (over 4 years) in maximum number of nests active on one day per total area of potential nesting habitat nests/ha Both Male and Female Adult 4 survey years West Layton Marsh, Great Salt Lake Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Survival estimates for snowy plovers breeding at Great Salt Lake, Utah

Author(s)
Paton, Peter W.C.
Pages
1106-1109
Year
Volume
96
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality 0.687 estimated average annual adult survival probability (using Jolly-Seber model) Both Male and Female Adult 361 birds captured over 3 yrs Great Salt Lake Exposure Factor Datasets
Longevity 2.7 mean life expectancy for an adult plover, based on survival estimate yr Both Male and Female Adult 361 birds captured over 3 yrs Great Salt Lake Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Breeding biology of snowy plovers at Great Salt Lake, Utah

Author(s)
Paton, Peter W.C.
Pages
275
Year
Issue
2
Volume
107
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Time of Migration or Dispersal late Mar to mid Jun period of migrant arrival to breeding grounds Female Adult 3 yrs data collection Great Salt Lake, Davis County Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal late Mar to May 31; Jul 1-15 peaks of migrant arrival to breeding grounds Male Adult 3 yrs data collection Great Salt Lake, Davis County Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying Apr 10-Jul 18 egg-laying period Female Adult 3 yrs data collection Great Salt Lake, Davis County Exposure Factor Datasets
Foraging Distance 177 median foraging distance from nest m Female Adult 192 observations Great Salt Lake, Davis County Exposure Factor Datasets 25%-75% quartiles=64-466
Foraging Distance 272 median foraging distance from nest m Male Adult 266 observations Great Salt Lake, Davis County Exposure Factor Datasets 25%-75% quartiles=110-580
Clutch or Litter Size 3 modal clutch size eggs/clutch Female Adult 327 clutches Great Salt Lake, Davis County Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 1.87 average number of chicks fledged per successful brood chicks/brood Female Adult 3 yrs data collection Great Salt Lake, Davis County Exposure Factor Datasets

Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Reproduction of three species of pocket mice, (Perognathus) in the Bonneville Basin, Utah

Author(s)
Cramer, Kenneth L. and Joseph A. Chapman
Pages
361-365
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 5.78 embryos/litter Female Adult 9 Floating Island, Tooele County (elev., 1300-1420 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 0.22

Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying March 25 (begin) - May 20 (end) Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food availability and preference of juvenile mallards

Author(s)
Chura, Nicholas J.
Pages
121-134
Year
Volume
26
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Dietary Composition flora (2.6%), fauna (97.4%) Both Male and Female Juvenile 94 Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 1-6 d
Dietary Composition flora (10.5%), fauna (89.5%) Both Male and Female Juvenile 94 Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 7-12 d
Dietary Composition flora (25.3%), fauna (74.7%) Both Male and Female Juvenile 94 Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 13-18 d
Dietary Composition flora (50.6%), fauna (49.4%) Both Male and Female Juvenile 94 Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 19-25 d
Dietary Composition flora (71%), fauna (29%) Both Male and Female Juvenile 94 Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 26-35 d
Dietary Composition flora (89.4%), fauna (10.6%) Both Male and Female Juvenile 94 Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 36-45 d
Dietary Composition flora (99.1%), fauna (0.92%) Both Male and Female Juvenile 94 Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 46-55 d
Dietary Composition flora (99.9%), fauna (0.08%) Both Male and Female Juvenile 94 Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 52-60 d

Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)

Citation:

Effects of two sagebrush control methods on nongame birds

Author(s)
Castrale, John S.
Pages
945-952
Year
Issue
4
Volume
46
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range of mean breeding bird densities on three grassland-sagebrush sites (over two years) territories/16 ha Both Male and Female Adult 3 sites Wasatch National Forest Exposure Factor Datasets

American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Premigratory fat in the American kestrel

Author(s)
Gessaman, James A.
Pages
625-626
Year
Issue
4
Volume
91
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Body Fat (total or %) mean percent body fat as measured by fat extraction from April to September % Male Adult 14 Cache county Exposure Factor Datasets premigratory

Western Toad (Anaxyrus boreas formerly Bufo boreas)

Citation:

Western toad, Bufo boreas, in southern Utah: Notes on a single population along the east fork of the Sevier River

Author(s)
Robinson, Megan, Michael P. Donovan and Terry D. Schwaner
Pages
87-89
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 64.6 mean and range of body weights g Male Adult 17 Garfield County Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 92.9 mean and range of body weight g Female Adult 18 Garfield County Exposure Factor Datasets

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Citation:

Breeding biology of the double-crested cormorant on Utah Lake

Author(s)
Mitchell, Ronald M.
Pages
1-23
Year
Volume
37
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 28 average incubation d Not Reported Hatchling 16 eggs Utah Lake, Utah County Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Female Adult 11 nests Utah Lake, Utah County Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 3.8 eggs/nest Female Adult Not Reported Utah Lake, Utah County Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 36 g Not Reported Hatchling 16 birds Utah Lake, Utah County Exposure Factor Datasets 1 d
Body Weight - Mean 1543 g Not Reported Juvenile 13 birds Utah Lake, Utah County Exposure Factor Datasets 23 d

Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizi)

Citation:

Desert tortoise population of the Beaver Dam Slope in northwestern Arizona

Author(s)
Sheppard, George Pat
Pages
25-47
Publisher
Desert Tortoise Council
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density #/km2 Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Beaver Dam Slope Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Studies of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii)

Author(s)
Woodbury, Angus M. and Ross Hardy
Pages
145-200
Year
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean g Both Male and Female Not Reported 41 animals Beaver Dam Slope, Washington County (elev., 3200-3500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 0.25 #/acre Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Beaver Dam Slope, Washington County (elev., 3200-3500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 50 acres Both Male and Female Not Reported NE Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size eggs/clutch Female Not Reported Not Reported Beaver Dam Slope, Washington County (elev., 3200-3500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying early summer laying Female Not Reported Not Reported Beaver Dam Slope, Washington County (elev., 3200-3500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity yr Female Adult Not Reported Beaver Dam Slope, Washington County (elev., 3200-3500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Health studies of free-ranging Mojave desert tortoises in Utah and Arizona

Author(s)
Dickinson, Vanessa M., Timothy Duck, Cecil R. Schwalbe and James L. Jarchow
Pages
1-70
Publisher
Arizona Game and Fish Department Research Branch, Technical Report No. 21
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 3.28 median carapace length = 254.3 mm kg Male Adult 55 City Creek and Paradise Canyon, Washington County, UT and Littlefield, Mohave County, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets 0.56 SD
Body Weight - Mean 2.65 median carapace length = 237.6 mm kg Female Adult 20 City Creek and Paradise Canyon, Washington County, UT and Littlefield, Mohave County, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets 0.39 SD
Citation:

Desert tortoise (Mojave population) recovery plan

Author(s)
United States Fish and Wildlife Service
Pages
73
Publisher
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 1
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Foods of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii, in Arizona and Utah

Author(s)
Hansen, Richard M., Mark K. Johnson and Thomas R. Van Devender
Pages
247-251
Year
Issue
3
Volume
32
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Foxtail brome (Bromus rubens, 64 +/- 4%); Redstem filaree (Erodium cicutarium, 23 +/- 5%); Common winterfat (Eurotia lanata, 6 +/- 4%) and Vetch (Astragalus and Oxytropis, 4 +/- 2%) % of each food item in fecal pellets (mean +/- SD) % Not Reported Not Reported 30 fecal pellets Beaver Dam Wash, Washington County (elev. 1000 m) Exposure Factor Datasets

Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana)

Citation:

Comparative ecology of populations of the lizard Uta stansburiana

Author(s)
Parker, William S. and Eric R. Pianka
Pages
615-632
Year
Issue
4
Volume
1975
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Spiders (4.70); Solpugids (0.56); Ants (7.87); Other Hymenoptera (0.54); Grasshoppers and Crickets (21.68); Roaches (0.20); Mantids (0.66); Beetles (12.35); Termites (0.10); Homoptera-Hemiptera (2.19); Diptera (2.54); Lepidoptera (1.24); Insect larvae (6.13); Unidentified Insects (6.52); Plant Materials (0.89); Unidentified (2.89) volume (cc) of prey items in stomach contents cc Not Reported Not Reported 556 Mountain Home, ID; Granstville, UT; Lovelock, Gabbs and Beatty, NV [lat., 37-42] Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Female Adult Not Reported Stansbury and Granstville, UT [lat., 40] Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size range of mean clutch sizes eggs/clutch Female Adult 14-74 animals/site and time period Hart Mountain, OR; Stansbury Island and Grantsville, UT [lat., 40-42] Exposure Factor Datasets

Western Skink (Eumeces skiltonianus)

Citation:

A taxonomic and ecological study of the western skink (Eumeces skiltonianus)

Author(s)
Tanner, Wilmer W.
Pages
59-94
Year
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying May-June time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Hatching or Parturition July - Aug. Not Reported Hatchling Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size eggs/clutch Female Adult 8 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity 2 yrs Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
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