Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus)
Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Territory Size | December: 14.52 km, January: 16.00, February: 15.86 km | Distance traveled | sq km | NR | Adult | December: 11, January: 13, February: 14 | Willamette Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | December: 2.73, January: 3.50, February: 2.28 km |
Home Range | Winter residents: 7.73 sq km, year-round residents: 2.28 sq km | sq km | NR | Adult | Winter residents: 249, year-round residents: 86 | Willamette Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | Winter residents: 3.19 sq km, year-round residents: 2.05 sq km |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CARBARYL | increased at 0.56 kg/ha (2, 8-9 d. post-spray) | whole carcass concentration of carbaryl | Not Reported | Not Reported | 8-9 birds/group | Toxicity Factor Datasets | |
CARBARYL | no effect | whole carcass lipid content | Not Reported | Not Reported | 6-13 birds/group | Toxicity Factor Datasets | |
CARBARYL | no effect | brain acetylcholinesterase activity | Not Reported | Not Reported | 6-13 birds/group | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-) | no correlation with DDE residues in eggs | eggshell thickness | Female | Adult | 12 eggs | McHenry and Billings Counties | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 3.26 (24) | mean density of breeding birds (maximum density in parentheses) | pairs/square mile | Both Male and Female | Adult | 130 sample units (160 acres/unit) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Longevity | 10-11 | from USFWS Bird Banding Laboratory data | yr-mo | Not Reported | Adult | 86 band recoveries | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 1(+/-2) to 5 (+/-6) | mean nest densities in untilled corn or soybean fields | nests/100 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | 8-9 fields | Adair County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | ad. Coleoptera (16%), larval Coleoptera (10%), other larval Diptera (58%), larval Lepidoptera (11%), miscellaneous (5%) | aggregate percentage of food items in diet, based on stomach content analysis | Not Reported | Adult | 7 birds | Texas High Plains | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | 92.6 | mean daily energy expenditure during reproduction (during late incubation) | kJ/d | Male | Adult | 14 | Houghton Lake (lat. 44deg02', long. 08deg45') | Exposure Factor Datasets | 8.1 SE |
Metabolic Rate | 118.6 | mean daily energy expenditure during reproduction (during late incubation) | kJ/d | Female | Adult | 14 | Houghton Lake (lat. 44deg02', long. 08deg45') | Exposure Factor Datasets | 9.2 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Acrididae (25.6%), Carabidae (26.2%), Tenebrionidae (8.5%), Curculionidae (7.1%), Scarabaeidae (6.8%), Hydrophilidae (1.3%), Chrysomelidae (1.1%), coleoptera larvae (9.7%), Syrphidae (3.3%), Sarcophagidae (1.9%), Muscidae (0.2%), lepidoptera larvae (0.5%), Formicidae (2.4%), Trichoptera (0.7%), Gastropoda (0.4%), Plant material (0.2%) | occurence of dietary items as percent of total gut contents | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 72 birds | McHenry and Billings Counties | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 33.3 | estimated breeding density in open field habitat (24 ha) | pairs/100 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | St. Paul Campus, Univ. of MN | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Population Density | 31.3 | estimated breeding density in asphalt area habitat (32 ha) | pairs/100 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | St. Paul Campus, Univ. of MN | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Population Density | 30.2 | estimated breeding density in bare cultivated field habitat (43 ha) | pairs/100 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | St. Paul Campus, Univ. of MN | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Population Density | 14.3 | estimated breeding density in planted field habitat (14 ha) | pairs/100 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | St. Paul Campus, Univ. of MN | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Physidae (0.9%), Odonata larvae (1.3%), Corixidae adult (1.3%), Coleoptera adult (25.5%), Coleoptera larvae (21.2%), Coleoptera adult pieces (17.0%), Diptera larvae (18.3%), Hymenoptera adult (6.1%), Unidentified (2.6%), plant fibers (1.3%), grit (4.5%) | volumetric aggregate percent of esophageal contents | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | 15 birds | Mingo National Wildlife Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | migrating |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 7.6 (fall), 15.4 (winter), 2.2 (spring) | mean population density | birds/ha | Not Reported | Not Reported | 5 seasons censused | Bolinas Lagoon, Point Reyes National Seashore | Exposure Factor Datasets | Marin |
Population Density | 2.2 (fall), 1.8 (winter), 1.3 (spring) | mean population density | birds/ha | Not Reported | Not Reported | 10 seasons censused | Limantour Estero | Exposure Factor Datasets | Marin |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 71.1 | body weight of an individual bird | g | Not Reported | Adult | 1 bird | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |