Newts and salamanders (Urodela)

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Amphibians, Newts and salamanders (Urodela), California Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma californiense)

Citation:

A refined ecological risk assessment for California red‐legged frog, Delta smelt, and California tiger salamander exposed to malathion.

Author(s)
Clemow, Y.H., Manning, G.E., Breton, R.L., Winchell, M.F., Padilla, L., Rodney, S.I., Hanzas, J.P., Estes, T.L., Budreski, K., Toth, B.N. and Hill, K.L.
Issue
2
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Location Type
MALATHION See citation Ecological risk assessment modeling Toxicity Factor Datasets

California Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma californiense)

Citation:

Spatially autocorrelated demography and interpond dispersal in the salamander Ambystoma californiense.

Author(s)
Trenham, P.C., Koenig, W.D. and Shaffer, H.B.
Issue
12
Volume
82
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Population Density BP: 13, SK: 0, LC: 32, CRP: 0, SP: 1, HP: 1, WP: 7, CP: 4, TP: 6, AP: n/a Annual estimated breeding population per pond No. individuals F Adult Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey Breeding USA
Population Density BP: 47, SK: 14, LC: 325, CRP: 8, SP: 9, HP: 20, WP: 107, CP: 36, TP: 57, AP: 8 Annual estimated breeding population per pond No. individuals M Adult Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey Breeding USA
Population Density BP: 36, SK: 3, LC: 216, CRP: 1, SP: 2, HP: 6, WP: 44, CP: 12, TP: 39, AP: 4 Annual estimated breeding population per pond No. individuals F Adult Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey Breeding USA
Population Density BP: 35, SK: 11, LC: 168, CRP: n/a, SP: 0, HP: 17, WP: 37, CP: 11, TP: 35, AP: 2 Annual estimated breeding population per pond No. individuals M Adult Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey Breeding USA
Population Density BP: 48, SK: 0, LC: 150, CRP: n/a, SP: 1, HP: 1, WP: 8, CP: 5, TP: 3, AP: 0 Annual estimated breeding population per pond No. individuals F Adult Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey Breeding USA
Population Density BP: 45, SK: 8, LC: 89, CRP: 1, SP: 7, HP: 0, WP: 43, CP: 17, TP: 27, AP: n/a Annual estimated breeding population per pond No. individuals M Adult Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey Breeding USA
Citation:

Terrestrial habitat use by adult California tiger salamanders.

Author(s)
Trenham, P.C.
Issue
2
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Territory Size See citation Figure 1 Distance moved during post-breeding emigration m B 13 Hastings Natural History Resrevation and Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Citation:

The status of the California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense) at Lagunita: A 50-year update.

Author(s)
Barry, S.J. and Shaffer, H.B.
Issue
2
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis Summer and autumn Aestivate timing of metamorphosed individuals B Juvenile Xeric central California valleys/foothills Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Time of Mating/ Laying Few days post migration Time of spawning B Adult Xeric central California valleys/foothills Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Time of Hatching or Parturition 2 to 4 Time of egg hatching post deposition weeks B Embryo Xeric central California valleys/foothills Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Dietary Composition Algae and aquatic invertebrates Larval diet B Juvenile Xeric central California valleys/foothills Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Reproductive ecology of a population of the California tiger salamander.

Author(s)
Loredo, I. and Van Vuren, D.
Issue
4
Volume
1996
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Population Density 1992-1993: 65, 1993-1994: 121 Breeding population size mm M Adult Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA
Population Density 1992-1993: 81, 1993-1994: 15 Breeding population size mm F Adult Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA
Population Density 1991-1992: 1248, 1992-1993: 481, 1993-1994: 3 mm B Juvenile Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA
Body length See citation Figure 4 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA
Body length 200.3 Snout-vent length mm M Adult 65-121 Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA
Body length 168.1 Snout-vent length mm F Adult 81-15 Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA
Body length 1992: 58.0, 1993: 63.8, 1994: 78.0 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile 1992: 1248, 1993: 481, 1994: 3 Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA
Citation:

Overwintering California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense) larvae.

Author(s)
Alvarez, J.A.
Issue
4
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Countries
Body length Snout-vent length mm NR Juvenile 3 Kellogg Creek Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Body length Total length mm NR Juvenile 3 Kellogg Creek Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Body length 77.6 Snout-vent length mm NR Juvenile 37 Perennial pond in cattle grazing land Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Body length 127.3 Total length mm NR Juvenile 37 Perennial pond in cattle grazing land Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Body length 97 Snout-vent length mm NR Juvenile 1 Perennial pond in cattle grazing land Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Body length 126 Total length mm NR Juvenile 1 Perennial pond in cattle grazing land Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Citation:

Habitat use and migration behavior of the California tiger salamander.

Author(s)
Loredo, I., Van Vuren, D. and Morrison, M.L.
Issue
2
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Error
Territory Size 35.9 Distance moved from aquatic to terrestrial habitat m B Adult 59 Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA 24.6
Territory Size 26 Distance moved from aquatic to terrestrial habitat m B Juvenile 49 Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA 13.1
Citation:

Life history and demographic variation in the California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense).

Author(s)
Trenham, P.C., Bradley Shaffer, H., Koenig, W.D. and Stromberg, M.R.
Issue
2
Volume
2000
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Error
Hatching Success <30 Annual reproductive success metamorphs produced per reproductive female B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Age at Sexual Maturity y B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Longevity 10 y B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Time of Migration or Dispersal Arrival: Dec/Jan, departure: Feb-March Breeding migration M Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Time of Migration or Dispersal Arrival: Jan, departure: Jan Breeding migration F Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Population Density See citation Figure 2 Breeding population size No. individuals B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Body Weight - Mean Mass of incoming adults g B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Survival/ Mortality 0.5 Annual survivorship % M 282 Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA 0.2
Citation:

Microhabitat use and migration distance of an endangered grassland amphibian.

Author(s)
Searcy, C.A., Gabbai-Saldate, E. and Shaffer, H.B.
Volume
158
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Territory Size 50% protection: 556, 90%: 1486, 95%: 1849 Distance from pond edge to include X% of population m B Both Adults and Juveniles Adults: 957, juveniles: 3208, metamorphs: 5877 Area around Olcott Lake, and Round Pond Jepson Prairie Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Solano USA
Citation:

Late summer movement and mass mortality in the California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense).

Author(s)
Holland, D.C., Hayes, M.P. and McMillan, E.
Issue
2
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries
Body length Snout-vent length mm B Both Adults and Juveniles 21 Grant's Lake, inner Coast Ranges of Central California Exposure Factor Datasets Post-metamorphosed USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm B Both Adults and Juveniles 28 Grant's Lake, inner Coast Ranges of Central California Exposure Factor Datasets Post-metamorphosed USA
Time of Migration or Dispersal January to March B Adult Grant's Lake, inner Coast Ranges of Central California Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Time of Migration or Dispersal November to April B Adult Locations other than Grant's Lake Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm M Adult 26 Exposure Factor Datasets Deceased post-metamorphosed specimens in museum collections USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm F Adult 37 Exposure Factor Datasets Deceased post-metamorphosed specimens in museum collections USA
Citation:

Delayed life history effects, multilevel selection, and evolutionary trade‐offs in the California tiger salamander.

Author(s)
Searcy, C.A., Gray, L.N., Trenham, P.C. and Shaffer, H.B.
Issue
1
Volume
95
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Age at Sexual Maturity 4 y B Adult Exposure Factor Datasets Solano USA
Body Weight - Mean 10.77 Mean mass at emergence g B Embryo Jepson Prairie Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Solano Emergence USA
Body Weight - Mean See citation Figure 4 Mean mass at emergence by cohort/location g B Embryo Monterey, Solano counties Exposure Factor Datasets Emergence USA
Citation:

Effective population size is strongly correlated with breeding pond size in the endangered California tiger salamander, Ambystoma californiense.

Author(s)
Wang, I.J., Johnson, J.R., Johnson, B.B. and Shaffer, H.B.
Issue
4
Volume
12
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Population Density FMC: 42, OEV: 64, VS1: 40, VS2: 29, VS3: 33, VS4: 29, CCR: 11, SCR: 14, LPR: 13, BCS: 25 Ne, effective population size B Both Adults and Juveniles 203 10 ponds; see citation for names Exposure Factor Datasets Merced USA
Citation:

A refined ecological risk assessment for California red‐legged frog, Delta smelt, and California tiger salamander exposed to malathion.

Author(s)
Clemow, Y.H., Manning, G.E., Breton, R.L., Winchell, M.F., Padilla, L., Rodney, S.I., Hanzas, J.P., Estes, T.L., Budreski, K., Toth, B.N. and Hill, K.L.
Issue
2
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition Zooplankton, arthropods, amphipods, mollusks, insect larvae, tadpoles of: Pacific tree frog tadpoles, California red-legged frogs, toads Aquatic-phase diet B Juvenile Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Calculating biologically accurate mitigation credits: insights from the California tiger salamander.

Author(s)
Searcy, C.A. and Shaffer, H.B.
Issue
4
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Population Density See citation Figure 1b Modeled density distribution of reproductive value B Adult Adults: 608, juveniles: 1828, metamorphs: 3146 Olcott Lake, Jepson Prairie Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Solano USA

Scott Bar Salamander (Plethodon asupak)

Citation:

Newly discovered populations of salamanders from Siskiyou County California represent a species distinct from Plethodon stormi.

Author(s)
Mead, L.S., Clayton, D.R., Nauman, R.S., Olson, D.H. and Pfrender, M.E.
Issue
2
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Body length 57 Snout-vent length mm F Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou USA
Body length 70.7 Snout-vent length mm F Adult 1 Muck-a-Muck Creek Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou USA
Body length 0.83 Total:Snout-vent length ratio M Adult 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou USA
Body length 0.85 Total:Snout-vent length ratio F Adult 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou USA

Santa Cruz Long-Toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum)

Citation:

A comparison of the life histories of coastal and montane populations of Ambystoma macrodactylum in California.

Author(s)
Anderson, J.D.
Issue
2
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Condition Countries
Body length 42.6 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile 8 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 55.6 Total length mm B Juvenile 2 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 32.6 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile 2 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 90.8 Total length mm B Juvenile 9 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 45.1 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile 9 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Time of Mating/ Laying 1955: early February; 1956: late February; 1957: sporadic; 1958: early February; 1959: mid-January Main breeding effort by year B Adult Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 91.8, 8: 90.6, 15: 91.4, 30: 91.1, 43: 92.6, 70: 91.2, 85: 77.4, 116: 102.0, 148: 97.5, 190: 95.7, 204: 95.4 Total length mm B Juvenile Day 0: 2, 8: 7, 15: 6, 30: 6, 43: 8, 70: 12, 85: 11, 116: 10, 148: 7, 190: 6, 204: 6 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets NR Santa Cruz Post-metamorphosed USA
Clutch or Litter Size 307 Number of eggs eggs F Adult 5 Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 46.2, 8: 45.9, 15: 45.6, 30: 43.6, 43: 45.6, 70: 44.6, 85: 47.3, 116: 49.4, 148: 46.3, 190: 49.0, 204: 49.4 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile Day 0: 2, 8: 7, 15: 6, 30: 6, 43: 8, 70: 12, 85: 11, 116: 10, 148: 7, 190: 6, 204: 6 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets NR Santa Cruz Post-metamorphosed USA
Body length 10.9 Total length mm B Neonate 9 Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Time of Mating/ Laying See citation Table 11 % breeding individuals by size class % B Adult 137 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding Santa Cruz USA
Body length 12.6 Total length mm B Neonate 19 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 21.3, 13: 27.0, 25: 38.1, 50: 56.3, 92: 78.1, 103: 72.0 Total length mm B Day 0: 13, 13: 12, 25/50: 14, 92: 10, 103: 7 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Days 0, 13, 25, 50, 92, 103 Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 20.0, 24: 27.6, 39: 47.4, 60: 67.1, 74: 76.0, 94: 82.1, 109: 81.4 Total length mm B Day 0: 4, 24: 16, 39: 17, 60: 12, 74: 6, 94: 8, 109: 3 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Days 0, 24, 39, 60, 74, 94, 109 Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 12.6, 29: 32.0, 42: 47.2, 77: 57.8, 100: 55.6 Total length mm B Day 0: 19, 29: 17, 42: 20, 77: 12, 100: 2 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Days 0, 29, 42, 77, 100 Santa Cruz USA
Body Weight - Mean Day 0: 0.017, 29: 0.278, 42: 0.801, 77: 1.500 6 B Day 0: 19, 29: 17, 42: 20, 77: 12 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Body length 75.6 Total length mm B Juvenile 17 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 37.5 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile 17 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 81.5 Total length mm B Juvenile 8 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Citation:

A comparison of the food habits of Ambystoma macrodactylum sigillatum, Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum, and Ambystoma tigrinum californiense.

Author(s)
Anderson, J.D.
Issue
4
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Countries
Dietary Composition Cast skin: 10.4, Annelida (Lumbriscus): 6.5, Mollusca (snail): 1.3, Mollusca (slug): 6.5, Anthropoda (Chilopoda): 3.9, Anthropoda (Isopoda): 46.8, Anthropoda (Araneida): 1.3, Insecta (Collembola): , Insecta (Collembola): 2.6, Insecta (Lepidoptera): 2.6, Insecta (Diptera): 2.6, Insecta (Orthoptera Blattidae): 2.6, Insecta (Orthoptera Gryllidae): 3.9, Insecta (Coloptera Carabidae): 9.1, Insecta (Coloptera Staphylinidae): 2.5, Insecta (Coloptera Elateridae): 1.3, Insecta (Coloptera Curculionidae): 1.3, Unidentified: 1.3 % total number items % B Adult 38 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Dietary Composition Cladocera: 80.8, Copopeda: 61.5, Ostracoda: 23.1, Chironomidae: 53.8, Chaoborus: 11.5, Corixidae: 15.4, Coleoptera: 3.8, snails: 11.5, leeches: 3.8, oligochaeta: 3.8, tadpoles: 23.1 % total number items % B Juvenile 26 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Santa Cruz USA
Citation:

A disjunct population of the long-nosed salamander from the coast of California.

Author(s)
Russell, R.W. and Anderson, J.D.
Issue
2
Volume
12
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Body length 57.2 Snout-vent length mm M Adult 1 Rio Del Mar Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Deceased specimensin museum collection USA
Body length 33 Snout-vent length mm NR 1 Exposure Factor Datasets Deceased specimensin museum collection USA
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