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Enhydra lutris

Citation:

Physiologic and toxic effects on sea otters

Author(s)
Geraci, Joseph R. and Thomas D. Williams
Pages
211-221
Publisher
Academic Press, Inc.
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CRUDE OILS review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported multiple TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal NR NR Toxicity Factor Datasets

Falco sparverius

Citation:

The effect of dietary sodium fluoride on internal organs, breast muscle, and bones in captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Bird, D.M., D. Carriere and D. Lacombe
Pages
242-246
Year
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
FLUORIDE, SODIUM 247.0 +/- 103.1 ppm @ 0 ppm; 6137.9 +/- 823.8 ppm @ 1120 ppm; 10,272.6 +/- 865.8 ppm @ 2240 ppm mean fluoride content in the diaphyses of femurae Both Male and Female Juvenile 9-10/group 0, 1120, 2240 ppm fluoride TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 20 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
FLUORIDE, SODIUM no effect growth of body weight and skeletal components (skull, bill, tarsus, antebrachium, and manus) Both Male and Female Juvenile 9-10/group 0, 1120, 2240 ppm fluoride TOX-REPRO - development 20 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
FLUORIDE, SODIUM increased at 1120, 2240 ppm % bone ash Both Male and Female Juvenile 9-10/group 0, 1120, 2240 ppm fluoride TOX-REPRO - development 20 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
FLUORIDE, SODIUM decreased at 2240 ppm bonebreaking strength Both Male and Female Juvenile 9-10/group 0, 1120, 2240 ppm fluoride TOX-REPRO - development 20 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) effects on hepatic mixed function oxidases and porphyria in birds - II. American kestrel

Author(s)
Elliot, J.E., S.W. Kennedy, D. Jeffrey and L. Shutt
Pages
141-145
Year
Issue
1/2
Volume
99
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
PCB 105 (2,3,3',4,4'-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased with PCB 153 aminopyrine N-demethylase and aldrin epoxidase activities in liver Female Adult 5-6/group 0, 4 mg/kg/d PCB 153, 3 mg/kg/d PCB 105, or 0.05 mg/kg/d PCB 126; 3 x's/wk TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 4 wk oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 105 (2,3,3',4,4'-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased with PCB 105 aminopyrine N-demethylase activity in liver Female Adult 5-6/group 0, 4 mg/kg/d PCB 153, 3 mg/kg/d PCB 105, or 0.05 mg/kg/d PCB 126; 3 x's/wk TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 4 wk oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 105 (2,3,3',4,4'-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased with PCB 126 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and aldrin epoxidase activities in liver Female Adult 5-6/group 0, 4 mg/kg/d PCB 153, 3 mg/kg/d PCB 105, or 0.05 mg/kg/d PCB 126; 3 x's/wk TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 4 wk oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 105 (2,3,3',4,4'-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL) no effect hepatic porphyrin levels Female Adult 5-6/group 0, 4 mg/kg/d PCB 153, 3 mg/kg/d PCB 105, or 0.05 mg/kg/d PCB 126; 3 x's/wk TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 4 wk oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 105 (2,3,3',4,4'-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL) no effect liver weight Female Adult 5-6/group 0, 4 mg/kg/d PCB 153, 3 mg/kg/d PCB 105, or 0.05 mg/kg/d PCB 126; 3 x's/wk TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 4 wk oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 105 (2,3,3',4,4'-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL) 2.4 (control), 119.0 (PCB 153), 182.0 (PCB 105), 3.3 (PCB 126) mg/kg, wet weight PCB concentrations in pooled adipose tissue Female Adult 5-6/group 0, 4 mg/kg/d PCB 153, 3 mg/kg/d PCB 105, or 0.05 mg/kg/d PCB 126; 3 x's/wk TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 4 wk oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Synergistic effects of Aroclor 1254 on the semen characteristics of American kestrels

Author(s)
Bird, D.M., P.H. Tucker, G.A. Fox and P.C. Lague
Pages
633-640
Year
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AROCLOR 1254 21.5-22.6% decrease @ 33 ppm sperm concentration Male Adult 10/group 0 and 33 ppm, wet weight (=9-10 mg/kg bw/d) TOX-REPRO - physiology 62 and 69 d (2 study periods) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254 no effect sperm motility Male Adult 10/group 0 and 33 ppm, wet weight (=9-10 mg/kg bw/d) TOX-REPRO - physiology 62 and 69 d (2 study periods) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
MIREX 40.3% decrease @ 8 ppm sperm concentration Male Adult 5-10/group 0 and 8 ppm, wet weight (=2.3-2.5 mg/kg bw/d) TOX-REPRO - physiology 62 and 69 d (2 study periods) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
MIREX no effect sperm motility Male Adult 5-10/group 0 and 8 ppm, wet weight (=2.3-2.5 mg/kg bw/d) TOX-REPRO - physiology 62 and 69 d (2 study periods) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254, MIREX 73.3% increase @ 8ppm mirex + 33 ppm Aroclor semen volume Male Adult 5-10/group 0 and 8 ppm mirex + 33 ppm Aroclor, wet weight TOX-REPRO - physiology 62 and 69 d (2 study periods) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254, MIREX 20.3% decrease @ 8 ppm mirex + 33 ppm Aroclor sperm concentration Male Adult 5-10/group 0 and 8 ppm mirex + 33 ppm Aroclor, wet weight TOX-REPRO - physiology 62 and 69 d (2 study periods) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254, MIREX no effect sperm motility Male Adult 5-10/group 0 and 8 ppm mirex + 33 ppm Aroclor, wet weight TOX-REPRO - physiology 62 and 69 d (2 study periods) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Metabolic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls in the American kestrel

Author(s)
Lincer, Jeffrey L., and David B. Peakall
Pages
783-784
Year
Volume
228
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AROCLOR 1254, POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS increased @ 0.5, 5 ppm in vitro microsomal breakdown of oestradiol Both Male and Female Adult 4/group 0, 0.5, 5 ppm, wet wt TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 5 mo diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1262, POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS increased @ 0.5, 5 ppm in vitro microsomal breakdown of oestradiol Both Male and Female Adult 4/group 0, 0.5, 5 ppm, wet wt TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 5 mo diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254, POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS increased @ 5 ppm amount of liver cytoplasmic RNA Both Male and Female Adult 4/group 0, 5 ppm, wet wt TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 14 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Accumulation and effects in birds

Author(s)
Peakall, D.B.
Pages
31-47
Publisher
CRC Press, Inc.
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Toxicity Endpoint Type Type
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS review TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Acute oral toxicity of sodium cyanide in birds

Author(s)
Wiemeyer, Stanley N., Elwood F. Hill, James W. Carpenter and Alexander J. Krynitsky
Pages
538-546
Year
Issue
4
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CYANIDE, SODIUM 4.0 mg/kg bw LD50 Both Male and Female Adult 5/dose NR TOX-MORT - dose-response data single dose oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Eggshell modifications in captive American kestrels resulting from Aroclor 1248 in the diet

Author(s)
Lowe, Peter T. and Rey C. Stendell
Pages
519-522
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AROCLOR 1248 18.5 ug/g (5.1SD), PCBs; 0.10 ug/g (0.03 SD), dieldrin;1.02 ug/g (0.39 SD), DDE @ 3.0 ug/g mean carcass concentrations, wet wt Both Male and Female Adult 8 pairs/group 0, 3.0 ug/g, wet wt TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 6 mo diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1248 5% decrease @ 3.0 ug/g mean eggshell thickness Female Adult 8 pairs/group 0, 3.0 ug/g, wet wt TOX-REPRO - physiology 6 mo diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1248 5.60 ug/g (1.15 SD), PCBs; 0.15 ug/g (0.05 SD), dieldrin; 0.15 ug/g (0.07 SD), DDE @ 3.0 ug/g mean egg concentrations, wet wt Female Adult 8 pairs/group 0, 3.0 ug/g, wet wt TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 6 mo diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Short-term effects of oil ingestion on American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Pattee, Oliver H. and J. Chrisian Franson
Pages
235-241
Year
Issue
2
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CRUDE OILS decreased @ 3.0% body weight Both Male and Female Juvenile 16/group 0, 0.3, 3.0% diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 4 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CRUDE OILS increased @ 3.0% food consumption Both Male and Female Juvenile 16/group 0, 0.3, 3.0% diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects 4 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CRUDE OILS decreased @ 3.0% hemoglobin Both Male and Female Juvenile 16/group 0, 0.3, 3.0% diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 4 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CRUDE OILS no effect various hematological measurements (packed cell volume, erythrocyte counts, plasma uric acid, plasma alanine aminotransferase) Both Male and Female Juvenile 16/group 0, 0.3, 3.0% diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 4 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Metabolism and storage of p,p' dicofol

Author(s)
Schwarzbach, S.E., D. Michael Fry, B.E. Rosson and David M. Bird
Pages
206-210
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DICOFOL 8.11 (fat), 0.28 (liver) ug/g @ 0.3 mg/kg bw/d sum of geometric mean tissue concentrations (wet wt) of dicofol and metabolites (dichlorobenzophenone, mono-dechlorinated dicofol, dichlorobenzhydrol, DDE) Female Adult 2-4/group 0, 0.3, 3.0 mg/kg bw/d TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 39 d oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL 82.36 (fat), 4.93 (liver), 1.15 (brain), 0.84 (oviduct) ug/g @ 3.0 mg/kg bw/d sum of geometric mean tissue concentrations (wet wt) of dicofol and metabolites (dichlorobenzophenone, mono-dechlorinated dicofol, dichlorobenzhydrol, DDE) Female Adult 2-4/group 0, 0.3, 3.0 mg/kg bw/d TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 39 d oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Uptake and loss of white phosphorus in American kestrels

Author(s)
Nam, Sae-Im, B.D. Roebuck and Marianne E. Walsh
Pages
837-841
Year
Issue
4
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW OR WHITE) increased accumulation in skin Not Reported Adult 4/group 6.4 ug/g diet, wet wt (1.1 SE) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 7 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW OR WHITE) no effect occurence of phosphorus intoxication symptoms Not Reported Adult 4/group 6.4 ug/g diet, wet wt (1.1 SE) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 7 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Survival, growth, and histopathological effects of paraquat ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., J. Christian Franson, Oliver H. Pattee and Christine M. Bunck
Pages
495-500
Year
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
PARAQUAT 22% @ 10 mg/kg, 18% @ 25 mg/kg, 44% @ 60 mg/kg percent mortality Not Reported Juvenile 11/group 0,10,25,60 mg/kg bw/d TOX-MORT - dose-response data 10 d oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARAQUAT 86% of control @ 25 mg/kg, 74% of control @ 60 mg/kg body weight by 10 days of dosing Not Reported Juvenile 11/group 0,10,25,60 mg/kg bw/d TOX-REPRO - development 10 d oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARAQUAT 11% @ 25 mg/kg, 25% @ 60 mg/kg percent increase over controls in brain to body weight ratio Not Reported Juvenile 11/group 0,10,25,60 mg/kg bw/d TOX-REPRO - development 10 d oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARAQUAT 14% @ 25 mg/kg, 18% @ 60 mg/kg percent increase over controls in liver to body weight ratio Not Reported Juvenile 11/group 0,10,25,60 mg/kg bw/d TOX-REPRO - development 10 d oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARAQUAT 51% @ 60 mg/kg percent increase over controls in kidney to body weight ratio Not Reported Juvenile 11/group 0,10,25,60 mg/kg bw/d TOX-REPRO - development 10 d oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARAQUAT no effect percent increase over controls in lung to body weight ratio Not Reported Juvenile 11/group 0,10,25,60 mg/kg bw/d TOX-REPRO - development 10 d oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
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