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Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Homing and reproductive habits of mallards, gadwalls, and blue-winged teal

Author(s)
Lokemoen, John T., Harold F. Duebbert and David E. Sharp
Pages
1-28
Year
Volume
106
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Fledging or Weaning Rate 1.78 fully feathered young/hen Not Reported Juvenile prairie pothole region of North Dakota 22 hens Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 1.18 fully feathered young/hen Not Reported Juvenile prairie pothole region of North Dakota 11 hens Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Age-related aspects of mallard reproduction

Author(s)
Krapu, Gary L. and Harold A. Doty
Pages
35-39
Year
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 1,121.2 121.5 SD g Female Adult prairie pothole region central North Dakota 105 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 1,070.2 121.3 SD g Female Yearling prairie pothole region in North Dakota 44 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Fat (total or %) 72.4 44.2 SD g lipid Female Adult prairie pothole region of North Dakota Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Fat (total or %) 55.0 39.7 SD g lipid Female Yearling prairie pothole region of North Dakota Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 9.3 1.7 SD eggs Female Yearling prairie pothole region in North Dakota 7 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 10.3 1.1 SD eggs Female Adult prairie pothole region of North Dakota 46 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying April 4 - July (median = May) time of clutch initiation Female Adult eastern - south central North Dakota, near Jamestown 265 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Waterfowl use of forested wetlands of the southern United States: An overview

Author(s)
Fredrickson, Leigh H. and Mickey E. Heitmeyer
Pages
307-323
Publisher
University of Minnesota Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Location Type
Dietary Composition Review Mingo Basin, Missouri Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying April 10 (end) southern part of U.S. breeding range Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal late February/early March (begin) to mid April (end) southern part of U.S. breeding range Exposure Factor Datasets

Macrotus californicus (California Leaf-Nosed Bat)

Citation:

A life history study of the California leaf-nosed bat, Macrotus californicus.

Author(s)
Bradshaw, G.V.R.
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body length 93.74 Total length 0.46 85-101 g B Adult Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ 62 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 33.49 Tail length 1.02 28-41 mm B Adult Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ 62 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 13.31 Hindfoot length 0.68 3.5-15 mm B Adult Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ 61 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 29.31 Ear length 0.34 26-35 mm B Adult Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ 48 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 49.39 Forearm length 0.13 45.9-51.2 mm B Adult Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ 62 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 20.19 Condylo-premexillary length 0.25 19.6-22.1 mm B Adult Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ 60 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 22.46 Greatest skull length 0.07 20.0-23.4 mm B Adult Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ 60 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 15.12 Mandible length 0.12 14.6-15.8 mm B Adult Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ 61 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean October: 11.64, November: 12.78, December: 13.42, January: 12.95, February: 13.11, March: 12.33 Change due to body fat g B Not Reported Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ October: 17, November: 15, December: 10, January: 4, February: 10, March: 4 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition Fruits and insects; Coleoptera: Scarabediae; Orthoptera: grasshoppers, othopteran insects; Lepidoptera: moths, diurnal butterflies and moths, Sphingidae, Noctudiae, Cossidae, butterflies, catepillars; Odonata: dragonflies; Homoptera: cicada; Diptera: flies; Hymenoptera: Camponotus vafer. NR Not Reported Not reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range ≤6 Foraging range mi NR Not Reported Not reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length Max testes length 1-1.5 mm M Adult Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity >1 yr M Adult Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying July-early November (most September-October) M Adult Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying See citation beginning p. 62 Female reproduction cycle F Adult Exposure Factor Datasets

Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Lesser Long-Nosed Bat)

Citation:

A physiological perspective on nectar-feeding adaptation in phyllostomid bats.

Author(s)
Ayala-Berdon, J. and Schondube, J.E.
Issue
5
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 21.04 1.67 g B Not Reported Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Jalisco 6 Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate 146 mmol sugar/L: 3.48; 1022 mmol/L: 7.85 Food intake at diff. sugar conc. 146 mmol/L: 0.62; 1022 mmol/L: 1.04 g B Not Reported Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Jalisco 6 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean No effect Change in body mass with increased sugar conc. g/10 hours B Not Reported Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Jalisco 6 Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate See citation Figure 2 Energy intake (sugar solution) kJ/10 hour B Not Reported Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Jalisco 6 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Aerodynamic flight performance in flap-gliding birds and bats.

Author(s)
Muijres, F.T., Henningsson, P., Stuiver, M. and Hedenström, A.
Volume
306
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 0.022 kg M Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 0.024 kg F Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 0.335 Wingspan m M Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 0.323 Wingspan m F Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 0.0158 Wing area m sq M Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 0.0153 Wing area m sq F Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 0.047 Mean chord m M Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 0.047 Mean chord m F Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body length 7.1 Aspect ratio M Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets
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