Species
Filter by Toxicity Endpoint Type
Filter by Exposure Endpoint Type
Filter by Chemical
Filter by Location
Citation:
Author(s)
Hammerson, Geoffrey A.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Duration of Incubation or Gestation |
time from mating to egg laying |
47 - 55 |
d |
Female |
Adult |
outdoor enclosures, Hayward, CA |
2 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
egg weight |
7.50 - 8.10 |
g |
Not Reported |
Embryo |
outdoor enclosures, Hayward, CA |
10 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Crews, David, Mark Grassman, William R. Garstka, Andrew Halpert and Brian Camazine
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Body Weight - Mean |
|
range of means |
32.42 - 42.50 |
g |
Male |
Adult |
5 animals/6 sampling dates |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate |
see citation |
figure of resting oxygen consumption |
|
ml O2/g/hr |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
5-10 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Body Weight - Mean |
|
|
|
21 - 410 |
g |
Female |
Adult |
Douglas and Jefferson Counties |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
|
|
|
14 - 110 |
g |
Male |
Adult |
Douglas and Jefferson Counties |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
1.88 |
|
0.029 |
0.7 - 2.5 |
g |
Not Reported |
Neonate |
|
151 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Clutch or Litter Size |
14.5 |
|
|
4 - 29 |
young/litter |
Female |
Adult |
Douglas and Jefferson Counties |
132 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Age at Sexual Maturity |
2 |
|
|
|
yr |
Female |
Adult |
Douglas and Jefferson Counties |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Home Range |
35.0 |
circular home range estimated from radius |
|
|
acres |
Male |
Adult |
Douglas and Jefferson Counties |
39 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Home Range |
22.7 |
circular home range estimated from radius |
|
|
acres |
Female |
Adult |
Douglas and Jefferson Counties |
102 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Cunningham, John D.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Clutch or Litter Size |
6 - 7 |
eggs/female |
Female |
Adult |
4 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Cunningham, John D.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Clutch or Litter Size |
4 - 29 |
eggs/female |
Female |
Adult |
5 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Clutch or Litter Size |
11.32 |
based on embryo count |
0.98 |
5 - 23 |
eggs/litter |
Female |
Adult |
22 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
Slug (1.4%); Earthworm (23.6%); Frog, Rana (6.9%); Toad, Bufo and Scaphiopus (30.5%); Tree Toad (20.8%); Leech (4.0%); Tadpole (10%); Minnow (1.4%); Unidentified fish (1.4%) |
% of total recorded food items |
% |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
48 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Gregory, Patrick T. and Karl W. Larsen
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Clutch or Litter Size |
range of site means based on sum of live and dead young and undeveloped eggs at parturition |
7.6 - 23.0 |
young/litter |
Female |
Adult |
4 - 30/site |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
range of site means |
1.4 - 3.0 |
g |
Not Reported |
Neonate |
48 - 203/site |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Kephart, Donald G. and Stevan J. Arnold
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
Anurans (67%); Fish (11%); Leeches (22%) |
% of stomachs containing prey item |
% |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
Eagle Lake (elev., 1555m) [lat., 40^o33'24"N; long., 120^o47'5" W] |
36 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Larsen, Karl W. and Patrick T. Gregory
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Error |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Clutch or Litter Size |
12.5 |
4.95 (SD) |
5 - 25 |
young/litter |
Female |
Adult |
captured at Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada |
23 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
2.6 |
0.4 SD |
0.95 - 3.80 |
g |
Not Reported |
Neonate |
captured at Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada |
187 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
White, Marshall and James A. Kolb
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Body Weight - Mean |
41 |
|
2 - 113 |
g |
Both Male and Female |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
Kyburz Flat |
160 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
Hyla (55.5%); Catostomus (21.8%); Microtus (5.4%); Rhinichthys (11.5%) |
% of total volume of stomach contents |
|
% |
Both Male and Female |
Not Reported |
Kyburz Flat |
<110 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Iverson, J.A. and J. Krog
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Metabolic Rate |
see Figure 1 |
oxygen consumption measured at 15-20 C |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
2 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Surface Area |
see Figure 3 |
estimated surface area |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
2 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Doroff, Angela M. and James L. Bodkin
Publisher
Academic Press, Inc.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
clams (34-61%), mussels (7-20%), crabs (2-11%), other invertebrates (4-5%), unknown prey (12-33%) |
relative occurences of prey items in diet, based on observation (range crosses three locations) |
Not Reported |
Adult |
Prince William Sound |
752-833 foraging dives/site |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Siniff, Donald B., and Katherine Ralls
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Clutches or Litters per year |
0.9 |
annual reproductive rate based on number of pups born during monitoring period |
pups/year |
Female |
Adult |
13 animals |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
0.58 |
pup survival rate to weaning |
|
Not Reported |
Juvenile |
19 animals |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning |
<80 or >120 |
estimate time period that pups spent with mothers |
d |
Not Reported |
Juvenile |
24 animals |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Longevity |
11 |
oldest animal captured in study |
yr |
Female |
Adult |
1 animal |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Sample Size |
Type |
Survival/ Mortality |
review |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Estes, James A., Ronald J. Jameson, and Elaine B. Rhodes
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
sea urchins (47.8-70.2%), mussels (0.4-3.1%), sea stars (0.5-0.8%), crabs (1.4-5.2%), clams (0.4-1.8%), octopus (0.0-0.9%), anemone (0.0-0.2%), algal holdfasts (0.0-2.6%), fish (0.0-12.3%), fish eggs (0.0-0.9%), chitons (0.2-0.8%), coralline algae (0.0-0.2%), unknown (14.6-26.7%), unsuccessful (3.4-7.1%) |
percentage (ranges) of total dives that resulted in capture of different prey items at three locations |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
Amchitka and Attu (Aleutian Islands), and Blanco Reef, OR |
425-584 dives/location |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Wendell, Frederick E., Robert A. Hardy, Jack A. Ames and Richard T. Bruce
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
pismo clams (559), unidentified bivalves (1), rock crabs (1), market crabs (1), unidentified crabs (1), unidentied food items (15) |
number of prey retreived, based on observations from shore |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
Pismo Beach |
578 observed retrievals |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Batzli, G. O., and F. Russell Cole
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Units |
Sex |
Sample Size |
Type |
Food Ingestion Rate |
897 |
ingested energy; fed rabbit pellets for 21 d |
28 SE |
cal/g/d |
Not Reported |
5 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Food Ingestion Rate |
1115 |
ingested energy; fed bromegrass for 21 d |
35 SE |
cal/g/d |
Not Reported |
7 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Food Ingestion Rate |
693 |
ingested energy; fed ryegrass seeds for 21 d |
22 SE |
cal/g/d |
Not Reported |
8 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate |
450 |
metabolizable energy; equivalent to average daily metabolic rate |
16 SE |
cal/g/d |
Not Reported |
5 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate |
504 |
metabolizable energy; equivalent to average daily metabolic rate |
28 SE |
cal/g/d |
Not Reported |
7 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate |
485 |
metabolizable energy; equivalent to average daily metabolic rate |
16 SE |
cal/g/d |
Not Reported |
8 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Krohne, David T.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Body Weight - Mean |
25.8 |
median weight at sexual maturity |
g |
Male |
Adult |
Sea Ranch |
33 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
24.4 |
median weight at sexual maturity |
g |
Female |
Adult |
Sea Ranch |
30 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Comment