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Falco sparverius

Citation:

Accumulation of lead and organochlorine residues in captive American kestrels fed pine voles from apple orchards

Author(s)
Stendell, Rey C., W. Nelson Beyer and Robert A. Stehn
Pages
388-391
Year
Issue
3
Volume
25
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, LEAD COMPOUNDS 232 (9 SE) ppm (wet wt) DDE concentration in carcass Female Juvenile 2 38 lead, 48 DDE, 1.2 dieldrin ppm (wet wt) in voles TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 60 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, LEAD COMPOUNDS 10.4 (0.6 SE) ppm (wet wt) DDE concentration in brain Female Juvenile 2 38 lead, 48 DDE, 1.2 dieldrin ppm (wet wt) in voles TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 60 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, LEAD COMPOUNDS decreased bw (versus pre-study bw) Female Juvenile 2 38 lead, 48 DDE, 1.2 dieldrin ppm (wet wt) in voles TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 60 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dietary exposure of kestrels to lead

Author(s)
Stendell, Rey C.
Pages
527-530
Year
Issue
2
Volume
44
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) 0.367 (0.129 SE) ppm at 49 mg/d mean lead concentration (wet wt) in liver Female Adult 3/group 49 mg/d (lead shot) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 60 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 28.70 (2.6 SE) ppm at 49 mg/d mean lead concentration (wet wt) in bone Female Adult 3/group 49 mg/d (lead shot) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 60 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS 0.357 (0.012 SE) ppm at 29.3 ppm mean lead concentration (wet wt) in liver Female Adult 3/group 29.3 ppm TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 60 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS 7.63 (1.03 SE) ppm at 29.3 ppm mean lead concentration (wet wt) in bone Female Adult 3/group 29.3 ppm TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 60 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Carbofuran affects wildlife on Virginia corn fields

Author(s)
Stinson, Elizabeth R., Lynn E. Hayes, Parshall B. Bush, and Donald H. White
Pages
566-575
Year
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CARBOFURAN 3 number of dead kestrels found on treated fields Not Reported Not Reported 44 fields 0.23 kg/305 m application TOX-MORT - mortality in the field NR field application Toxicity Factor Datasets
CARBOFURAN 1.7-7.4 ppm (wet wt) carcass residues of kestrels found dead Not Reported Not Reported 3 birds 0.23 kg/305 m application TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR multiple Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Kestrel predatory behavior under chronic low-level exposure to DDE

Author(s)
Rudolph, Seri G., Daniel W. Anderson and Robert W. Risebrough
Pages
121-136
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-) no effect variance in kestrel response time to prey stimulus Not Reported Adult 6 6 ppm (wet wt) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects 40 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 1.37 (0.10 SE) mg/kg mean DDE concentration in blood (wet wt) Not Reported Adult 6 6 ppm (wet wt) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 58 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

DDE thins eggshells of captive American kestrels

Author(s)
Wiemeyer, Stanley N., and Richard D. Porter
Pages
737-738
Year
Volume
227
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-) decrease at 10 ppm mean eggshell thickness Female Adult 8-10 0, 10 ppm (dry wt) TOX-REPRO - physiology 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 0.71 (0.05 SE) ppm at 0 ppm, 32.4 (2.78 SE) ppm at 10 ppm mean residues in eggs Female Embryo 9-10 0, 10 ppm (dry wt) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

A suggestion of sysnergistic effects of DDE and Aroclor 1254 on Reproduction of the American Kestrel Falco sparverius

Author(s)
Lincer, Jeffrey L.
Pages
761-765
Publisher
The Pica Press
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-) decrease at 3 ppm mean eggshell thickness Female Adult 18 0, 3 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology 6 mo diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Acute toxicity of four anticholinesterase insecticides to American kestrels, eastern screech owls, and northern bobwhites

Author(s)
Wiemeyer, Stanley N. and Donald W. Sparling
Pages
1139-1148
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
EPN 4.0 mg/kg bw (3.1-5.1 95% CI) LD50 Both Male and Female Adult 5/group 2.2-11 mg/kg bw TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks single oral intubation Toxicity Factor Datasets
FENTHION 1.4 mg/kg bw LD50 Both Male and Female Adult 5/group 0.5-2.4 mg/kg bw TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks single oral intubation Toxicity Factor Datasets
CARBOFURAN 0.6 mg/kg bw (0.5-1.0 95% CI) LD50 Both Male and Female Adult 5/group 0.3-1.8 mg/kg bw TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks single oral intubation Toxicity Factor Datasets
MONOCROTOPHOS 1.5 mg/kg bw LD50 Both Male and Female Adult 5/group 0.7-3.3 mg/kg bw TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks single oral intubation Toxicity Factor Datasets
EPN 68% (10.0 SD) mean brain cholinesterase depression (relative to control) in birds that died in 8 hrs post-dose Both Male and Female Adult 12 2.2-11 mg/kg bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects single oral intubation Toxicity Factor Datasets
FENTHION 88% (2.7 SD) mean brain cholinesterase depression (relative to control) in birds that died in 8 hrs post-dose Both Male and Female Adult 8 0.5-2.4 mg/kg bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects single oral intubation Toxicity Factor Datasets
CARBOFURAN 83% (4.3 SD) mean brain cholinesterase depression (relative to control) in birds that died in 8 hrs post-dose Both Male and Female Adult 12 0.3-1.8 mg/kg bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects single oral intubation Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

DDE at Low Dietary Levels Kills Captive American Kestrels

Author(s)
Porter, Richard D. and Stanley N. Wiemeyer
Pages
193-199
Year
Issue
4
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-) 984.1-1438.6 ppm (dry wt) brain residues in birds that died Male Adult 2 10 ppm (dry wt) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 14-16 mos diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 232.9 ppm (dry wt) mean brain residues in birds that survived Male Adult 11 10 ppm (dry wt) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 12-15 mos diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 507-877.1 ppm (dry wt) liver residues in birds that died Male Adult 2 10 ppm (dry wt) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 14-16 mos diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 88.1 ppm (dry wt) mean liver residues in birds that survived Male Adult 11 10 ppm (dry wt) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 12-15 mos diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorine residues in raptor eggs in the Cayuga Lake Basin

Author(s)
Lincer, Jeffrey L., and Richard J. Clark
Pages
121-128
Year
Issue
2
Volume
25
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-) 10% decrease eggshell thickness change relative to control Female Adult Cayuga Lake Basin 34 eggs 33.2-41.9 ppm (dry wt) in eggs TOX-REPRO - physiology NR parent diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Secondary poisoning hazard of fenthion to American kestrels

Author(s)
Hunt, K. A., D.M. Bird, P. Mineau and L. Shutt
Pages
84-90
Year
Volume
21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
FENTHION 100% Male Adult 14 1.1-6.1 ug/g sparrow TOX-MORT - dose-response data 1-3 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
FENTHION 77.9-92% range of brain acetylcholinesterase inhibition (relative to control) in birds that died Male Adult 14 1.1-6.1 ug/g sparrow TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 1-3 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
FENTHION 96% range of plasma cholinesterase inhibition (relative to control) in birds that died Male Adult 14 1.1-6.1 ug/g sparrow TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers 1-3 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Lead in hawks, falcons and owls downstream from a mining site on the Coeur D'Alene River, Idaho

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J., Lawrence J. Blus, David J. Hoffman and Robert A. Grove
Pages
267-288
Year
Volume
29
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD COMPOUNDS 0.24 ug/g at study area, 0.087 ug/g at reference area mean lead concentration in blood (wet wt) Both Male and Female Nestling Coeur D'Alene River 30 (study area) 22 (reference) 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS 0.46 ug/g at study area 0.25 ug/g at reference area mean lead concentration in blood (wet wt) Both Male and Female Adult Coeur D'Alene River 3 (study area) 6 (reference) 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS decreased red blood cell delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity (relative to control) Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Coeur D'Alene River 33 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS decreased hematocrit Both Male and Female Juvenile Coeur D'Alene River 30 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS decreased hemoglobin (relative to control) Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Coeur D'Alene River 33 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS 0.23 ug/g (wet wt) mean lead concentration in liver Both Male and Female Juvenile Coeur D'Alene River 30 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS no effect number of young produced Both Male and Female Adult Coeur D'Alene River 20 nests 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Birds of prey, DDT, and tussock moths in Pacific Northwest

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J.
Pages
397-411
Year
Volume
42
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 6.42 ppm mean DDT concentration in eggs 0-0.8 mi from sprayed area Both Male and Female Embryo La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) 21 eggs 0.75 lb/ac application TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 10.4% decrease change in mean eggshell thickness (relative to control) 0-0.8 miles from sprayed area Female Adult La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) 21 eggs 0.75 lb/ac application TOX-REPRO - physiology 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) no effect mean productivity (young produced) Both Male and Female Adult La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) 21 eggs 0.75 lb/ac application TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 0.78 ppm mean DDT concentration in plasma of birds sampled 0-1.5 mi from sprayed area Both Male and Female Adult La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) 23 birds 0.75 lb/ac application TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
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