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Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Temporal and geographic estimates of survival and recovery rates for the mallard, 1950 through 1985.

Author(s)
Chu, D.S. and J.B. Hestbeck
Pages
57
Publisher
U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Fish and Wildlife Technical Report 20
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Survival/ Mortality 0.5664 survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 0.0263 (SE) Male Adult Central California 776 Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 0.5390 survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 0.0228 (SE) Male Juvenile Northern California 11,372 Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 0.3948 survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 0.0458 (SE) Male Juvenile Central California 1,396 Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 0.5447 survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 0.0128 (SE) Female Adult Northern California 13,704 Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 0.5462 survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 0.0561 (SE) Female Adult Central California 1,240 Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 0.5626 survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 0.0445 (SE) Female Juvenile Central California 8,205 Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 0.3948 survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 0.0458 (SE) Female Juvenile Central California 1,396 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Growth and energy consumption by captive mallards

Author(s)
Sugden, Lawson G., E.A. Driver and Michael C.S. Kingsley
Pages
1567-1570
Issue
8
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Growth Rate 222 maximum growth rate based on body weight g/wk Male Juvenile 63 Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate 195 maximum growth rate based on body weight g/wk Female Juvenile 72 Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate 376.2 food intake of 8 week old mallards 25.6 (SE) g/wk Both Male and Female Juvenile 15 Exposure Factor Datasets
Metabolic Rate 191 metabolized energy in 8 week old mallards kcal/d Both Male and Female Juvenile 15 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 936.1 mean body weight of 8 week old mallards g Both Male and Female Juvenile 15 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Production of mallards on irrigated land in the Sacramento Valley

Author(s)
Earl, John P.
Pages
23
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Territory Size 70 mean length of drainage ditch (5 ft wide) defended 48-95 yd Male Adult Conaway Ranch 8 ducks Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Hatching or Parturition May 16-29 peak hatching period Both Male and Female Hatchling Conaway Ranch Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 396 breeding density pairs/18000 acres Both Male and Female Adult Conaway Ranch 396 pairs Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Nesting April-June time from earliest clutch laid to last clutch hatched Female Adult Conaway Ranch Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 52 proportion of nests that hatched at least one egg % Female Adult Conaway Ranch 60 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 8.37 mean clutch size 7-10 eggs Female Adult Conaway Ranch 40 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 0.72 ducks/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Conaway Ranch Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Longevity records of North American birds: Gaviidae through Alcidae

Author(s)
Clapp, Roger B., M. Kathleen Klimkiewicz and John H. Kennard
Pages
81-124
Year
Issue
2
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Longevity 23-05 from USFWS Bird Banding Laboratory data yr-mo Not Reported Adult 522,261 band recoveries Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of aqueous and dietary exposure of dieldrin on survival, growth and bioconcentration in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Nebeker, Alan V., William L. Griffis, Thomas W. Stutzman, Gerald S. Schuytema, Lori A. Carey and Susan M. Scherer
Pages
687-699
Year
Volume
11
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 379 7 SE g Not Reported Juvenile 10 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

DDT thins shells of eggs from mallard ducks maintained on ad libitum or controlled-feeding regimes

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
222-232
Year
Volume
2
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Food Ingestion Rate food consumption rate for average body weight of 1.23 kg 115 - 130 g/duck/d Female Adult 18 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Accumulation and excretion of Cl36 DDT in mallard and lesser scaup duck

Author(s)
Dindal, Daniel L.
Pages
74-92
Year
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition snails (7%); beetle (2.3%); duckweed (14.1%); pondweed (23.2%); water lily (7.0%); bulrush (9.3%); smartweed (25.5%); Ammiaceae (11.6%) % occurrence in gizzard contents % Not Reported Not Reported Sandusky Bay, Port Clinton 36 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Body temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate of an unrestrained domestic mallard duck, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus

Author(s)
Smith, E. Norbert, Connie Peterson, and Kenneth Thigpen
Pages
19-20
Year
Volume
54A
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Inhalation Rate 30.1 respiration rate during darkness 0.76 SE breaths/min Male Adult 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets
Inhalation Rate 34.9 respiration rate during darkness 1.29 SE breaths/min Male Adult 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Population estimates of breeding birds in North Dakota

Author(s)
Stewart, Robert E., and Harold A. Kantrud
Pages
766-788
Year
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Population Density 6.71 (40) mean density of breeding birds (maximum density in parentheses) pairs/square mile Both Male and Female Adult 130 sample units (160 acres/unit) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The length of incubation in relation to nest initiation date and clutch size in dabbling ducks

Author(s)
Feldheim, Cliff L.
Pages
997-1001
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 24.5 mean incubation period 4.1 2SD 20-31 d Female Adult near Devil's Lake (48deg10'N, 98deg90'W) 66 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Fall and spring body weights and condition indices of ducks in Illinois

Author(s)
Hine, Christoper S., Stephen P. Havera, Richard M. Whitton, Jerome R. Serie
Pages
197-213
Year
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 1,240 8 SE g Female Adult Illinois and Mississippi river valleys 220 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 1,163 12 SE g Male Juvenile Illinois and Mississippi river valleys 61 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 1,078 11 SE g Female Adult Illinois and Mississippi river valleys 105 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 966 37 SE g Female Juvenile Illinois and Mississippi river valleys 12 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Mallard duckling growth and survival in relation to aquatic invertebrates

Author(s)
Cox, Robert R., Jr., Mark A. Hanson, Christianne C. Roy, Ned H. Euliss, Jr., Douglas H. Johnson and Malcolm G. Butler
Pages
124-133
Year
Volume
62
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Survival/ Mortality 0.84 mean 17-day survival rate 0.025 SE Not Reported Juvenile Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown (46deg53'N, 98deg38'W) 223 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Toxicity of Zectran insecticide to several wildlife species

Author(s)
Tucker, Richard K. and D. Glen Crabtree
Pages
1307-1310
Year
Issue
6
Volume
62
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
MEXACARBATE 3.0 mg/kg LD50 Both Male and Female Not Reported 12 NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks single gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of cadmium ingestion and food restriction on energy metabolism and tissue metal concentrations in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Di Giulio, R.T. and P.F. Scanlon
Pages
433-444
Year
Volume
37
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 10, 50 ug/g diet kidney Cu concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 10, 50 ug/g diet kidney Zn concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect BW versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect brain, liver, kidney, testes weights versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect liver glycogen concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect % packed cell volume versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect plasma glucose, NEFA, urea, or uric acid versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
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