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Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Accumulation and excretion of Cl36 DDT in mallard and lesser scaup duck

Author(s)
Dindal, Daniel L.
Pages
74-92
Year
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition snails (7%); beetle (2.3%); duckweed (14.1%); pondweed (23.2%); water lily (7.0%); bulrush (9.3%); smartweed (25.5%); Ammiaceae (11.6%) % occurrence in gizzard contents % Not Reported Not Reported Sandusky Bay, Port Clinton 36 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Body temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate of an unrestrained domestic mallard duck, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus

Author(s)
Smith, E. Norbert, Connie Peterson, and Kenneth Thigpen
Pages
19-20
Year
Volume
54A
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Inhalation Rate 30.1 respiration rate during darkness 0.76 SE breaths/min Male Adult 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets
Inhalation Rate 34.9 respiration rate during darkness 1.29 SE breaths/min Male Adult 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Population estimates of breeding birds in North Dakota

Author(s)
Stewart, Robert E., and Harold A. Kantrud
Pages
766-788
Year
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Population Density 6.71 (40) mean density of breeding birds (maximum density in parentheses) pairs/square mile Both Male and Female Adult 130 sample units (160 acres/unit) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The length of incubation in relation to nest initiation date and clutch size in dabbling ducks

Author(s)
Feldheim, Cliff L.
Pages
997-1001
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 24.5 mean incubation period 4.1 2SD 20-31 d Female Adult near Devil's Lake (48deg10'N, 98deg90'W) 66 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Fall and spring body weights and condition indices of ducks in Illinois

Author(s)
Hine, Christoper S., Stephen P. Havera, Richard M. Whitton, Jerome R. Serie
Pages
197-213
Year
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 1,240 8 SE g Female Adult Illinois and Mississippi river valleys 220 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 1,163 12 SE g Male Juvenile Illinois and Mississippi river valleys 61 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 1,078 11 SE g Female Adult Illinois and Mississippi river valleys 105 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 966 37 SE g Female Juvenile Illinois and Mississippi river valleys 12 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Mallard duckling growth and survival in relation to aquatic invertebrates

Author(s)
Cox, Robert R., Jr., Mark A. Hanson, Christianne C. Roy, Ned H. Euliss, Jr., Douglas H. Johnson and Malcolm G. Butler
Pages
124-133
Year
Volume
62
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Survival/ Mortality 0.84 mean 17-day survival rate 0.025 SE Not Reported Juvenile Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown (46deg53'N, 98deg38'W) 223 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Toxicity of Zectran insecticide to several wildlife species

Author(s)
Tucker, Richard K. and D. Glen Crabtree
Pages
1307-1310
Year
Issue
6
Volume
62
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
MEXACARBATE 3.0 mg/kg LD50 Both Male and Female Not Reported 12 NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks single gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of cadmium ingestion and food restriction on energy metabolism and tissue metal concentrations in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Di Giulio, R.T. and P.F. Scanlon
Pages
433-444
Year
Volume
37
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 10, 50 ug/g diet kidney Cu concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 10, 50 ug/g diet kidney Zn concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect BW versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect brain, liver, kidney, testes weights versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect liver glycogen concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect % packed cell volume versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect plasma glucose, NEFA, urea, or uric acid versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect thyroid hormone concentrations versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect adrenal wt, corticosterone concentrations versus controls Male Adult 8 0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 42 days Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

DDE, PTH, and Eggshell Thinning in Mallard, Pheasant and Ring Dove

Author(s)
Haseltine, S., K. Uelbelhart, T. Peterle and S. Lustick
Pages
139-145
Year
Issue
2
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-) 20.4% decrease eggshell thickness versus controls Female Adult 6 hens; 45 total eggs 0, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology 3 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 17% decrease serum calcium versus controls Female Adult 6 hens; 45 total eggs 0, 10 ppm TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 3 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) no effect serum calcium after PTH injection versus controls Female Adult 6 hens; 45 total eggs 0, 10 ppm TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 3 weeks Diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Charadrius vociferus

Citation:

Population estimates of breeding birds in North Dakota

Author(s)
Stewart, Robert E., and Harold A. Kantrud
Pages
766-788
Year
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Population Density 3.26 (24) mean density of breeding birds (maximum density in parentheses) pairs/square mile Both Male and Female Adult 130 sample units (160 acres/unit) Exposure Factor Datasets

Phalacrocorax auritus

Citation:

Measurements of wintering double-crested cormorants and discriminant models of sex

Author(s)
Glahn, James F., and R. Barry McCoy
Pages
299-304
Year
Issue
2
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 2498.1 body weight 16.0 SE 2000-3000 g Male Adult 160 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 2162.2 body weight 29.8 SE 1650-2600 g Female Adult 41 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food of double-crested cormorants, Phalacrocorax auritus, in the gulf and estuary of the St. Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada

Author(s)
Rail, Jean-Francois, and Gilles Chapdelaine
Pages
635-643
Year
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition gunnels (5%), sculpins (1%), sand lance (44%), capelin (34%), flatfishes (11%), clupeids (4%), other (1%) proportion of prey species in diet by percent volume % Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles St. Lawrence Estuary and Gulf 187 Exposure Factor Datasets

Charadrius nivosus

Citation:

Breeding biology of a kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrius) population in an inland saline lake

Author(s)
Fraga, Rosendo M., and Juan A. Amat
Pages
69-85
Year
Issue
1
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 43.1 mean body weight 2.8 SD g Male Adult Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain 154 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 42.2 mean body weight 3.0 SD g Female Adult Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain 158 Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying March 29-June 25 (1991), March 11-June 29 (1992) length of egg laying season in two sample years Female Adult Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.63 clutch size 1-3 eggs/clutch Female Adult Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain 316 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 19.3% Percent of nests in which at least one chick hatched. % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain 316 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 27.6% (1991), 16.1% (1992) percent of all eggs that hatched % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles, Embryo Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain 254 (1991), 554 (1992) eggs Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 6.33 mean body weight at hatching 0.56 SD 5.3-7.6 g Both Male and Female Hatchling Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain 47 Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.69 (1991), 2.54 (1992) mean numbers of chicks hatched per successful nest chicks/nest Both Male and Female Hatchling Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain 26 (1991), 35 (1992) nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate 0.105 growth rate g/day per g body mass Both Male and Female Juvenile Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain 42 Exposure Factor Datasets

Sterna antillarum

Citation:

Impacts of predators: center nests are less successful than edge nests in a large nesting colony of least terns

Author(s)
Brunton, Dianne H.
Pages
372-380
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Hatching Success 0.79-1.31 mean hatching success during two years of study eggs hatched/nest Not Reported Chick Sandy Point, West Haven 545-606 nests per study year Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Breeding ecology of interior least terns on the unregulated Yellowstone River, Montana

Author(s)
Bacon, Lynn M., and Jay J. Rotella
Pages
391-401
Year
Issue
3
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Nesting June 16, June 30, July 1 mean nest-initiation dates over 3 years of study Both Male and Female Adult Yellowstone River 6-17 nests/study year Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.1-2.7 range of clutch means over 3 years of study eggs/clutch Female Adult Yellowstone River 6-18 clutches/study year Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 0.1-1.4 range of mean fledging success over 3 study years fledglings/nest Not Reported Juvenile Yellowstone River 6-18 nests/study year Exposure Factor Datasets
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