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| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 72.6 | percent annual survival | % | Female | Adult | Pajaro River Mouth | 73 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 1.9 (fall), 3.4 (winter), 1.1 (spring) | mean population density | birds/ha | Not Reported | Not Reported | Bolinas Lagoon, Point Reyes National Seashore | 5 seasons censused | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Population Density | 6.2 (fall), 19.2 (winter), 6.6 (spring) | mean population density | birds/ha | Not Reported | Not Reported | Limantour Estero | 10 seasons censused | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | late Mar to mid Jun | period of migrant arrival to breeding grounds | Female | Adult | Great Salt Lake, Davis County | 3 yrs data collection | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | late Mar to May 31; Jul 1-15 | peaks of migrant arrival to breeding grounds | Male | Adult | Great Salt Lake, Davis County | 3 yrs data collection | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr 10-Jul 18 | egg-laying period | Female | Adult | Great Salt Lake, Davis County | 3 yrs data collection | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Foraging Distance | 177 | median foraging distance from nest | 25%-75% quartiles=64-466 | up to 3770 | m | Female | Adult | Great Salt Lake, Davis County | 192 observations | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Foraging Distance | 272 | median foraging distance from nest | 25%-75% quartiles=110-580 | up to 2030 | m | Male | Adult | Great Salt Lake, Davis County | 266 observations | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 3 | modal clutch size | 2-5 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Great Salt Lake, Davis County | 327 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 1.87 | average number of chicks fledged per successful brood | chicks/brood | Female | Adult | Great Salt Lake, Davis County | 3 yrs data collection | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 2.55 | mean clutch size | 0.69 SD | 1-3 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Baja California peninsula | 36 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | April, May | months of peak nest initiation activity, 2 years | Both Male and Female | Adult | coast | 2-15 nests/colony/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Hatching Success | 13 | proportion of nests with at least one egg hatching | % | Not Reported | Hatchling | coast | 72 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 7.6 (fall), 15.4 (winter), 2.2 (spring) | mean population density | birds/ha | Not Reported | Not Reported | Bolinas Lagoon, Point Reyes National Seashore | 5 seasons censused | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Population Density | 2.2 (fall), 1.8 (winter), 1.3 (spring) | mean population density | birds/ha | Not Reported | Not Reported | Limantour Estero | 10 seasons censused | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 71.1 | body weight of an individual bird | g | Not Reported | Adult | 1 bird | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foraging Distance | foraging distance from nesting sites | approx. 2 - >2 | mi | Not Reported | Adult | Venice Beach, Huntington Beach, Santa Margarita River | 10-11 surveys/site | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | late Jul | timing of post-fledging dispersal | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | Santa Margarita River | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | late Aug-Sep | timing of departure from breeding areas | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | Santa Margarita River at Camp Pendleton | 4 nesting areas, 2 years | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Clutch or Litter Size | range of average clutch sizes over 2 years | 1.72-2.22 | eggs/clutch | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | Santa Margarita River at Camp Pendleton | 230-336 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Hatching Success | proportion of eggs hatched of total eggs laid over 2 years | 60.8-79.9 | % | Not Reported | Hatchling | Santa Margarita River at Camp Pendleton | 419-734 eggs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Survival/ Mortality | estimated annual mortality rate for two years based on juvenile censuses | 56-74 | % | Not Reported | Juvenile | Santa Margarita River at Camp Pendleton | 92-195 birds counted | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May to Aug | beginning to end of nesting period | Both Male and Female | Adult | Cuixmala Beach [19 deg, 22'14"N, 104 deg 59'31"W] | 1 colony | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Population Density | 40 | density of nests at one colony | nests/1400 m^2 | Both Male and Female | Adult | Cuixmala Beach [19 deg, 22'14"N, 104 deg 59'31"W] | 1 colony | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | range of average clutch sizes, 2 years | 1.38-2.1 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Cuixmala Beach [19 deg, 22'14"N, 104 deg 59'31"W] | 16-58 nests/year | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 17/32 to 33/33 | range of numbers of clutches lost of total numbers of clutches in a colony | Not Reported | Chick, Embryo | coast | 7 colonies, 8 years | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | average number of fledglings produced per pair, over 13 years | 0.4-1.7 | fledglings/pair | Not Reported | Fledgling | Venice (beach) | 35-165 pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | average number of fledglings produced per pair, over 13 years | 0.45-0.94 | fledglings/pair | Not Reported | Fledgling | statewide | 775-1,264 pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 2 | earliest age at which adults were known to breed for the first time | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 186 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Longevity | 13 | age of oldest banded breeding birds | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 40-105 birds/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Survival/ Mortality | 0.88 | overall survival rate for adults that have returned to breed once | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 82-165 breeding pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Survival/ Mortality | 0.16 | rate at which chicks survived to breed at least once | Not Reported | Chick | Venice (beach) | 84-285 chicks/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Longevity | 9.63 | expected number of breeding years per adult bird | 6.55-14.48 95% CI | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 372 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Molt | May-Jul | timing of primary molt | Not Reported | Adult | coastal areas | 190 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Time of Molt | mid/late Jul-Sep | timing of pre-basic molt | Not Reported | Adult | coastal areas | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 76.8 | estimated survival rate of banded juveniles | 2.0 2SE | % | Not Reported | Fledgling | Aransas and San Patricio Counties | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | estimated fledgling production among 4 colonies | 24/88 to 104/112 | fledglings/breeding pairs | Not Reported | Fledgling | Aransas and San Patricio Counties | 26-140 pairs/colony | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 1.73 | mean clutch size | 1-3 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge | 396 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Error | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 379 | 7 SE | g | Not Reported | Juvenile | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food Ingestion Rate | food consumption rate for average body weight of 1.23 kg | 115 - 130 | g/duck/d | Female | Adult | 18 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
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