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Pelecanus occidentalis ssp. californicus

Citation:

Brown pelicans: influence of food supply on reproduction

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Franklin Gress, and Kenneth F. Mais
Pages
23-31
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Fledging or Weaning Rate range of mean fledging rates (number of fledglings per built nest) over a 6 year period 0.18-0.88 Not Reported Fledgling West Anacapa Island 76-1258 nests/year Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate range of mean fledging rates (number of fledglings per built nest) over a 6 year period 0.23-1.20 Not Reported Fledgling Isla Coronado Norte 76-1258 nests/year Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Movements and daily activity patterns of a brown pelican in Central California

Author(s)
Croll, Donald A., Lisa T. Ballance, Bernd G. Wursig and Wm. Breck Tyler
Pages
258-260
Year
Volume
88
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Foraging Distance distance travelled by radiotagged bird 10.2-49.4 km/day Not Reported Juvenile south Monterey Bay 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Survival and dispersal of oiled brown pelicans after rehabilitation and release

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Franklin Gress, and D. Michael Fry
Pages
711-718
Year
Issue
10
Volume
32
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Survival/ Mortality 69% estimated survival rate of radiotagged rehabilitated oiled birds at 150-180 days post-release Not Reported Adult Southern California Bight 16 Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 94% estimated survival rate of radiotagged control birds at 150-180 days post-release Not Reported Adult Southern California Bight 17 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Brown pelicans in central and northern California

Author(s)
Briggs, Kenneth T., Wm. Breck Tyler, David B. Lewis, Paul R. Kelly and Donald A. Croll
Pages
353-373
Year
Issue
4
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal early to mid-summer time of northward movement from southern breeding areas Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles northern and central coast 3 years Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 0.23 mean density at sea off central and northern coast 0.23 SE birds/km^2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles central and northern coast 3 years Exposure Factor Datasets

Pelecanus occidentalis

Citation:

Variation in reproductivity with age in the brown pelican

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J. and Julie A. Keahey
Pages
128-134
Year
Volume
95
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.16 mean clutch size 1-3 eggs Female Juvenile Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge 37 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.85 mean clutch size 2-4 eggs Female Adult Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge 89 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 57.1% percent of eggs producing downy young in succesful nests (nests producing at least one young) Female Juvenile Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge 7 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 60.2% percent of eggs producing downy young in succesful nests (nests producing at least one young) Female Adult Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge 133 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Age of first nesting in the brown pelican

Author(s)
Williams, Lovett E., Jr. and Ted Joanen
Pages
279-280
Year
Issue
3
Volume
86
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Age at Sexual Maturity 3 age of first nesting yr Not Reported Adult Barataria Bay 13 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Growth and develoment of nestling brown pelicans

Author(s)
Schreiber, Ralph W.
Pages
19-39
Year
Issue
1
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning range of mean fledging ages over four years 74-77 days Not Reported Fledgling Tarpon Key 7-12 birds/year Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean body weight at hatching 45-80 g Not Reported Nestling Tarpon Key 47 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate see figure daily growth rates of wild nestlings Not Reported Nestling Tarpon Key varied Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate percent of body weight consumed daily during maintenance of adult weight 16-18% Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles Tarpon Key 4 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean body weight of captive adult 3,300-3,500 g Not Reported Adult Tarpon Key 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets

Aechmophorus occidentalis

Citation:

The diving and feeding activity of the western grebe on the breeding grounds

Author(s)
Lawrence, George E.
Pages
3-16
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition Ascaradina (3), Gastropoda (10, Orthoptera (2), Hemiptera (2), Diptera (1), Coleoptera (4), Siluridae (4), Centrarchidae (77), plant (4) % of total stomach content volume % Not Reported Adult Clear Lake 27 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate 22.4 estimated mass of fish consumed daily, based on stomach contents g Not Reported Adult Clear Lake 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Estimation and testing of parametersin Richard's growth model for western grebes

Author(s)
White, Gary C. and John T. Ratti
Pages
315-323
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Growth Rate -0.1321 growth rate coefficient estimate based on Richard's growth model Both Male and Female Juvenile Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge (collection site) 4 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean estimated initial weights 27.524-30.510 g Both Male and Female Juvenile Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge (collection site) 4 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean estimates of asymptotic weights 1065.4-1120.9 g Both Male and Female Juvenile Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge (collection site) 4 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Western grebe, Aechmophorus occidentalis, wintering biology and contaminant accumulation in Commencement Bay, Puget Sound, Washington

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J., Lawrence J. Blus and Robert A. Grove
Pages
460-472
Year
Issue
3
Volume
104
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean range of mean body weights 1530-1583 g Male Both Adults and Juveniles Commencement Bay 18 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of mean body weights 1108-1406 g Female Both Adults and Juveniles Commencement Bay 22 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nesting ecology and production of western grebes at Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah

Author(s)
Lindvall, Mark L. and Jessop B. Low
Pages
66-70
Year
Issue
1
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Mating/ Laying early July peak of laying period Female Adult Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge 386 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 24 incubation period 21-28 d Both Male and Female Embryo Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge 14 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.6 mean clutch size 1-4 eggs Female Adult Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge 70 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 21% percent of nests located in emergent vegetationin which at least one chick hatched Both Male and Female Hatchling Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge 221 nests Exposure Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris ssp. levipes

Citation:

Foraging behavior and foods of the light-footed clapper rail

Author(s)
Zembal, Richard and Jack M. Fancher
Pages
959-962
Year
Volume
90
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition crabs, California horn snails, isopods, crayfish, decapods, beetles prey items in regurgitated pellets, in order of frequency of occurence Not Reported Adult upper Newport Bay 18 pellets Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition amphipods, garden snails, crane flies, house mice, California voles unquantified dietary items identified in regurgitated pellets Not Reported Adult upper Newport Bay Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nesting habitat of the light-footed clapper rail in southern California

Author(s)
Massey, Barbara W., Richard Zembal and Paul D. Jorgensen
Pages
67-80
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 6.55 mean clutch size (1 year) 0.19 SE 5-8 Female Adult Tijuana Marsh, Upper Newport and Anaheim Bays 33 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 81% proportion of nests in which at least one egg hatched Both Male and Female Hatchling Tijuana Marsh, Upper Newport and Anaheim Bays 130 nests Exposure Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris ssp. yumanensis

Citation:

Foods of western clapper rails

Author(s)
Ohmart, R.D. and R.E. Tomlinson
Pages
332-336
Year
Issue
2
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition crayfish (94.67%), ground beetle (0.11%), unident. beetle (0.56%), weevils (2.78%), damselfly nymphs (0.11%), grasshoppers (0.11%), insect eggs (.11%), unident. parts (0.78%), spider (0.56%), seeds (0.11%), corbicula (0.06%), unident. mammal bone (0.06%) dietary item occurence by volume in stomach contents Not Reported Adult Topock Marsh to Imperial Lake 9 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition isopoda (48.5%), unident. parts (1.50%), corbicula (50.00%) dietary item occurence by volume in stomach contents Not Reported Adult Gila/Colorado River confluence 2 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition shrimp (0.25%), water beetle (56.50%), dragonfly nymphs (0.50%), damselfly nymphs (2.00%), leech (3.75%), unident. fish (31.75%) dietary item occurence by volume in stomach contents Not Reported Adult Colorado Delta 4 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal changes in Yuma clapper rail vocalization rate and habitat use

Author(s)
Conway, Courtney J., William R. Eddlemen, Stanley H. Anderson and Louis R. Hanebury
Pages
282-290
Year
Issue
2
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Home Range 24 mean home range size ha Not Reported Adult lower Colorado River Valley 6 birds Exposure Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris ssp. obsoletus

Citation:

A study of the California clapper rail

Author(s)
Zucca, Joseph J.
Pages
135-153
Year
Volume
12
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density range of mean population densities 0.98-1.21 birds/acre Not Reported Not Reported Dumbarton Bridge Marsh 1 marsh Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Nesting April beginning of nesting Not Reported Not Reported Dumbarton Bridge Marsh 1 marsh Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 7.22 mean clutch size 5-9 Not Reported Not Reported Dumbarton Bridge Marsh 27 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation estimated incubation period in field 23-27 d Not Reported Not Reported Dumbarton Bridge Marsh 3 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
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