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Bubo virginianus

Citation:

Biodeterioration of chlorophacinone in voles, hawks and an owl

Author(s)
Askham, L.R. and R.M. Poche
Pages
145-150
Year
Issue
1
Volume
56
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CHLOROPHACINONE 99 ug total carcass residues 28 d after removal from treatment Not Reported Adult 1 owl 3.2 ppm in voles maintained on treated food TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 6 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CHLOROPHACINONE no effect occurence of external bleeding or internal abnormalities after removal from treated diet Not Reported Adult 1 owl 3.2 ppm in voles maintained on treated food TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 6 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Secondary poisoning of owls by anticoagulant rodenticides

Author(s)
Mendenhall, V.M. and L.F. Pank
Pages
311-315
Year
Issue
4
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DIPHACINONE 4.1-5.5 mg doses resulting in symptoms and death in 2/3 birds within 14 days Not Reported Adult 3 owls 4.1-5.5 mg total consumed in mice fed a 0.01% bait TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 5 days diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIPHACINONE increased time to coagulation in blood sampled 3 days after treatment ended Not Reported Adult 3 owls 4.1-5.5 mg total consumed in mice fed a 0.01% bait TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 5 days diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of strychnine on the behavior of great horned owls and red-tailed hawks

Author(s)
Cheney, Carl D., Stephen B. Vander Wall and Ruthe J. Poehlmann
Pages
103-110
Year
Issue
3
Volume
21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
STRYCHNINE increased occurence (compared with pre-dose values) of uncoordinated movement, tremors, loss of perching ability and ability to stand on the ground Not Reported Adult 1 bird 1.8 mg injected into mouse TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects single exposure diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
STRYCHNINE increased occurence (compared with pre-dose values) of uncoordinated movement, tremors, loss of perching ability and ability to stand on the ground Not Reported Adult 1 bird 1.0 mg injected into mouse TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects single exposure diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
STRYCHNINE increased occurence of errors (compared with pre-test values) in a reversal learning test Not Reported Adult 1 bird 0.4 mg injected into mouse TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects single exposure diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Lanius ludovicianus

Citation:

Trophic accumulation of DDT in a terrestrial food web

Author(s)
Rudd, R.L., R.B. Craig and W.S. Williams
Pages
219-228
Year
Volume
25
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 293.43-820.93 ppm, lipid weight concentrations of DDT, DDE, DDD (combined) in skin and brains, 2 years post-application Not Reported Not Reported 3.2 km NE of Davis 2 birds 0.22 kg DDT/ha TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 1 application experimental application Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) see figure figure showing concentration of DDT and metabolites in skin and brains before and after application Not Reported Not Reported 3.2 km NE of Davis 27 birds (3-4/sampling time) 0.22 kg DDT/ha TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 1 application experimental application Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

The effects of dieldrin on the behavior of young loggerhead shrikes

Author(s)
Busbee, Everette L.
Pages
28-35
Year
Volume
94
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DIELDRIN increased at 1 mg/kg latency to formation of natural prey killing behaviors Not Reported Juvenile collected in San Diego County, CA 10-11/dose 0, 1 mg/kg bw/d (87% active ingredient) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects until death (max. 103 d) gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN increased at 1, 2, 4, 8 mg/kg/d rate of mortality compared with controls Not Reported Juvenile collected in San Diego County, CA 10-11/dose 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 mg/kg bw/d (87% active ingredient) TOX-MORT - dose-response data until death (max. 103 d) gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

DDE residues and eggshell thinning in loggerhead shrikes

Author(s)
Anderson, William L., and Ronald E. Duzan
Pages
215-220
Year
Issue
2
Volume
90
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-) 3.09 (0.09 SE) ppm, wet wt concentration in eggs Not Reported Embryo southern IL 20 clutches, 104 eggs 21.04 (3.51 SE) ppm in fat of adult females TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR parental transfer Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) decreased eggshell thickness index compared with reference samples collected in 1875-95 Not Reported Embryo southern IL 20 clutches, 104 eggs 21.04 (3.51 SE) ppm in fat of adult females TOX-REPRO - physiology NR parental transfer Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) y = 92.610 - 2.412 log x linear negative correlation of egg DDE concentration and shell thickness Not Reported Embryo southern IL 20 clutches, 104 eggs 21.04 (3.51 SE) ppm in fat of adult females TOX-REPRO - physiology NR parental transfer Toxicity Factor Datasets

Sterna antillarum

Citation:

Organochlorine pollutants and population status of least terns in South Carolina

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J. and Richard M. Prouty
Pages
62-71
Year
Issue
1
Volume
91
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 7% decrease eggshell thickness compared with pre-1947 reference eggs Female Adult Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge 20 eggs 0.48 ug/g, wet wt, DDE; 1.08 ug/g, wet wt, PCBs in eggs TOX-REPRO - physiology NR site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Falco sparverius

Citation:

Accumulation and effects in birds

Author(s)
Peakall, D.B.
Pages
31-47
Publisher
CRC Press, Inc.
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Toxicity Endpoint Type Type
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS review TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects Toxicity Factor Datasets
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS review TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks Toxicity Factor Datasets

Zenaida macroura

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS see figures figure for each dose, showing metabolic rate at increasing ambient temperatures Not Reported Adult 10 birds/group 0, 1, 3, 9 ppm (dry wt) in food TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 10 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Effect of lindane on eggshell characteristics and calcium level in the domestic duck

Author(s)
Chakravarty, Sampa and Pulak Lahiri
Pages
245-258
Year
Volume
42
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LINDANE 18-21% decrease @ 20 mg/kg 7x or 3x/wk eggshell thickness, compared to control Female Adult 5/dose control, 20 mg/kg given 7x, 3x or 2x/wk TOX-REPRO - physiology 8 wks gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
LINDANE decrease @ 20 mg/kg 7x or 3x/wk calcium concentration in plasma and shell gland mucosa and density and size of eggshell pores Female Adult 5/dose control, 20 mg/kg given 7x, 3x or 2x/wk TOX-REPRO - physiology 8 wks gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Experiments on toxicity of DDT to wildlife

Author(s)
Coburn, Don R. and Ray Treichler
Pages
208-216
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) increase @ 0.05 - 0.4% in diet Not Reported Not Reported 4/dose 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4% TOX-MORT - dose-response data 30 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dieldrin and DDT effects on reproduction and some hepatic mixed-function oxidases in the mallard duck

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
302-314
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose 0, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) no effect hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) no effect hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN no effect hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) Female Adult 18/dose 0, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) DDT <0.1, DDE 0.2 - 1.2 ug/g dry wt @ 0 ppm; DDT 0.3 - 4.2, DDE 1.0 - 12.7 @ 2 ppm; DDT 1.3 - 25.0, DDE 5.0 - 110.1 @ 20 ppm; DDT 25.5 - 254, DDE 58.0 - 1234 @ 200 ppm DDT and DDE concentrations in egg dry matter ranging from 0-14 d to 330 - 343 d sampling periods at 4 dietary doses Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) DDT <0.1, DDE 0.2 - 1.2 ug/g dry wt @ 0 ppm; DDT 0.6 - 2.4, DDE 1.2 - 10.1 @ 2 ppm; DDT 2.2 - 29.2, DDE 15.7 - 153.5 @ 20 ppm; DDT 14.9 - 102.0, DDE 45.0 - 187.0 @ 200 ppm DDT and DDE concentrations in egg dry matter ranging from 0-14 d to 330 - 343 d sampling periods at 4 dietary doses Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Toxicity of trimethyltin and triethyltin to mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Fleming, W. James, Elwood F. Hill and Jeffrey J. Momot
Pages
255-260
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
TRIETHYLTIN CHLORIDE decrease @ 50 ppm body weight, compared to control Not Reported Juvenile 5/dose control, 0.5, 5.0, 50 ppm (Sn) as triethyltin chloride TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 73 - 75 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Fecundity and progeny growth following subacute insecticide ingestion by the mallard

Author(s)
Muller, H.D. and D.C. Lockman
Pages
239-241
Year
Volume
51
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DIELDRIN no effect egg production, eggshell thickness and fertility, compared to control Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 4 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN decrease average % hatchability, compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 4 ppm TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN no effect progeny growth (average body weights) at hatch to 6 wks of age Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 trios (2F, 1M adults)/dose control, 4 ppm TOX-REPRO - development 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARATHION no effect egg production and fertility, compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARATHION no effect % hatchability, compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARATHION decrease eggshell thickness, compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARATHION no effect progeny growth (average body weights) at hatch to 6 wks of age Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 trios (2F, 1M adults)/dose control, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - development 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Plutonium, Am, Cm and Sr in ducks maintained on radioactive leaching ponds in southeastern Idaho

Author(s)
Markham, O. Doyle, Douglas K. Halford, Susan K. Rope and George B. Kuzo
Pages
517-524
Year
Volume
55
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
RADIONUCLIDES see citation table of mean concentrations of 6 radionuclides (238Pu, 239Pu, 241Am, 242Cm, 244Cm, 90Sr) in 6 mallard tissue types Not Reported Adult leaching ponds, Test Reactor Area, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory 7-15 see citation for table radionuclide concentrations in water, plankton, periphyton, sediment TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 43-145 d site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Some effects of vitamin E deficiency on hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase activity, lead, and a-tocopherol concentrations in tissues of lead-dosed mallard ducks

Author(s)
Sleet, R.B. and J.H. Soares, Jr.
Pages
71-78
Year
Volume
47
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) 5.7 ppm (whole blood); 6.2 ppm (liver); 2.4 ppm (spleen) @ 300 mg/kg body weight lead concentrations in tissues, 96 hr after exposure to lead in ducklings receiving vitamin E Not Reported Juvenile 5/dose control, 300 mg/kg body weight; elemental lead packaged in gelatin capsules TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Toxicity and oxidative stress of different forms of organic selenium and dietary protein in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, D.J., G.H. Heinz, L.J. LeCaptain, J.D. Eisemann and G.W. Pendleton
Pages
120-127
Year
Volume
31
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE increase @ 15, 30 ppm plasma and liver GSH-peroxidase activity (for all Se forms), compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 10/dose control, 15, 30 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, seleno-L-methionine or selenized yeast TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 2 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
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