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Snowy Egret (Egretta thula)

Citation:
Author(s)
Stolen, E.D., Collazo, J.A. and Percival, H.F.
Issue
3
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Foraging Distance 6.2 Mean flight distance km NR Not Reported 28 North Indian River Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.46
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Time of Nesting March 10-22 B Adult See citation Lake Okeechobee Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density See citation Table 2 Number of nests See citation Lake Okeechobee Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 1989: 83, 1990: 100, 1991: 80, 1992: 61 % Nest success % success B Adult See citation Lake Okeechobee Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Clutch or Litter Size 1989: 3.5, 1990 & 1991: 3.3, 1992: 3.4 Eggs per nest Eggs/nest B Embryo See citation Lake Okeechobee Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition See citation Figure 4 Percent biomass B Nestling See citation Table 1 Lake Okeechobee Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.1 Eggs/nest Embryo 49 Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Brevard County Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.52
Clutch or Litter Size 2.7 Eggs/nest Embryo 11 Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Brevard County Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.65
Hatching Success Clutch size 2: 94.3, 3: 94.3, 4: 90.9 Percent laid that hatched % Embryo Clutch size 2: 3, 3: 41: 4: 11 nests Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Brevard County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Clutch or Litter Size 3 Eggs/nest Embryo 60 Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Brevard County Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.56
Citation:
Author(s)
Klassen, J.A., Gawlik, D.E. and Frederick, P.C.
Issue
8
Volume
80
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition See citation Table 1 Percent biomass % Nestling 113 Everglades Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Author(s)
Maxwell, G.R. and Kale, H.W.
Issue
4
Volume
94
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Time of Hatching or Parturition April 13-23: 45, April 24-May 1: 16, May 2-21: 10 Embryo 71 nests Riomar Island, Indian River County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Time of Nesting See citation Table 3 Days between eggs laid Days Embryo 71 nests Riomar Island, Indian River County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Clutch or Litter Size 2.9 No. eggs laid March 23-May 2 Eggs/nest Embryo 77 Riomar Island, Indian River County Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.06
Time of Hatching or Parturition 22.1 Incubation period Days Embryo Riomar Island, Indian River County Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.17
Survival/ Mortality 28.8 Mortality from laying through 10 d % Nestling 65 Riomar Island, Indian River County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Survival/ Mortality 42.5 Mortality from laying through 2 w % Nestling Riomar Island, Indian River County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 82 % Embryo 226 Riomar Island, Indian River County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Population Density See citation Figure 4 Birds/2.4 ha Birds/2.4 ha B Both Adults and Juveniles See citation Constructed wetlands, Palm Beach Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Author(s)
Avery, M.L., Eiselman, D.S., Young, M.K., Humphrey, J.S. and Decker, D.G.
Issue
1
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition Pterophyllum scalare, Ziphophorus maculatus, Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrod, Megalamphodus megalopterus, Poecilia reticulata, Helostoma temmincki, Puntius tetrazona, Epalzerohycnhos erythrurus, Hypostomus spp. Fish species consumed from aquaculture ponds B Not Reported See citation Four commercial aquacutlure operations, Central Florida Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Author(s)
Boyle, R.A., Dorn, N.J. and Cook, M.I.
Issue
1
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition Crayfish: 15, small-bodies fishes: 90, larged-bodied fishes: 35, shrimp: 40, aquatic insects: 10, terrestrial insects: 10, garbage: 5, other vertebrates: 0 Prey category Frequency of use, % Nestling 20 Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife
Refuge, Palm Beach
County
Exposure Factor Datasets USA

Pacific Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas)

Citation:
Author(s)
Fujisaki, I., Hart, K.M. and Sartain-Iverson, A.R.
Issue
3
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Population Density 50% kernel density estimate km2 B Both Adults and Juveniles 15 Dry Tortugas National Park Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density 95% kernel density estimate km2 B Both Adults and Juveniles 15 Dry Tortugas National Park Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition See citation Table 1 Items identifed from gavage Frequency B 94 Tident Basin, Port Canaveral Inlet Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Author(s)
Lindborg, R., Neidhardt, E., Witherington, B., Smith, J.R. and Savage, A.
Issue
2
Volume
15
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Hatching Success 59.6 % success B Hatchling 972 nests Exposure Factor Datasets USA 39.5
Citation:
Author(s)
Perrault, J.R., Stacy, N.I., Lehner, A.F., Mott, C.R., Hirsch, S., Gorham, J.C., Buchweitz, J.P., Bresette, M.J. and Walsh, C.J.
Volume
605
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 7 kg NR Not Reported 10 Big Bend, Citrus County Exposure Factor Datasets USA 1.7

California Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis)

Citation:
Author(s)
Legare, M.L. and Eddleman, W.R.
Issue
1
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Hatching Success 86 % hatched % B Embryo 128 Jena, Dixie County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Time of Nesting May 1-August 22 Adult 19 Jena, Dixie County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Time of Hatching or Parturition Earliest: May 19 Adult 19 Jena, Dixie County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Clutch or Litter Size 7 Eggs/nest Embryo 13 Jena, Dixie County Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.5
Home Range 1.3 ha M Both Adults and Juveniles Birds: 9, telemetry locations: 276 Jena, Dixie County Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.52
Home Range 0.62 ha F Both Adults and Juveniles Birds: 6, telemetry locations: 103 Jena, Dixie County Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.27
Citation:
Author(s)
Pranty, B., Robinson, D.J. and Barnwell, M.
Issue
2
Volume
32
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
Population Density 2 Individuals observed Individuals NR Not Reported Crystal River State Buffer Preserve, Citrus County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density 27 Individuals observed Individuals NR Not Reported Weekiwachee Preserve, Hernando County Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density 10 Individuals observed Individuals NR Not Reported Werner-Boyce Salt Springs State Park, Pasco County Exposure Factor Datasets USA

Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia)

Citation:
Author(s)
Millsap, B.A. and Bear, C.
Issue
1
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries
Population Density 6.9 Breeding pairs/sq km B Adult 264 Cape Coral, Lee County Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries Error
Survival/ Mortality >60% developed: 0.81, 40-60% developed: 0.62, 20-39% developed: 0.62, <20% developed: 0.81 Estimated percent survival by percent urban housing development % M Adult Cape Coral, Lee County Exposure Factor Datasets USA >60% developed: 0.04, 40-60% developed: 0.05, 20-39% developed: 0.05, <20% developed: 0.04
Survival/ Mortality >60% developed: 0.69, 40-60% developed: 0.52, 20-39% developed: 0.69, <20% developed: 0.69 Estimated percent survival by percent urban housing development % F Adult Cape Coral, Lee County Exposure Factor Datasets USA >60% developed: 0.04, 40-60% developed: 0.06, 20-39% developed: 0.04, <20% developed: 0.04
Survival/ Mortality >60% developed: 0.11, 40-60% developed: 0.28, 20-39% developed: 0.43, <20% developed: 0.18 Estimated percent survival by percent urban housing development % B Juvenile Cape Coral, Lee County Exposure Factor Datasets USA >60% developed: 0.02, 40-60% developed: 0.04, 20-39% developed: 0.08, <20% developed: 0.08
Citation:
Author(s)
Mrykalo, R.J., Grigione, M.M. and Sarno, R.J.
Issue
3
Volume
111
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition Insecta: see citation, Arachnida: 8.3, Gastropoda: 1.7, Reptilia: 0, Aves: 0.7, Mammalia: 0.2 Percent frequency of occurrence % NR Not Reported 29 Rutland Ranch, rural habitat Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Dietary Composition Insecta: see citation, Arachnida: 9.1, Gastropoda: 0.8, Reptilia: 1.0, Aves: 2.9, Mammalia: 0.3 Percent frequency of occurrence % NR Not Reported 55 Marco Island, urban habitat Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
Population Density See citation Table 1 Number of individuals/706.5 ha B Adult 946 territories in FL Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density See citation Table 1 Number of individuals/706.5 ha B Juvenile 946 territories in FL Exposure Factor Datasets USA

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Citation:
Author(s)
Clark, C.P. and Leary, R.E.
Issue
2
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Location Type Condition Countries
Population Density See citation Figure 2 Active nests/11,000 ha Adult Estero Bay Aquatic Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA

Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis)

Citation:
Author(s)
Cooper, K. and Vanderhoff, E.N.
Issue
2
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Population Density 1722 Number of individuals (area size NR) Both Adults and Juveniles 1722 Three sites in Jacksonville, FL Exposure Factor Datasets USA

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
THALLIUM <10 µg/g dw, <0.001-<0.002 ww Plasma concentration NR 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PERFLUOROOCTANESULFONIC ACID (PFSA) 43 ng/g ww Liver concentration NR Not Reported 1 Bonita Springs Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 10 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 0.26 µg/g ww Liver concentration NR Nestling 5 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TRANS-NONACHLOR Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 10 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
VECURONIUM BROMIDE 5.4 mm ± 1.1 Peak pupil diameter NR Nestling 9 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
COPPER (elemental) 21 µg/g ww Liver concentration NR Nestling 5 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.05 µg/g ww Brain concentration NR Nestling 10 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
VECURONIUM BROMIDE, ATROPINE 5.7 mm ± 0.8 Peak pupil diameter NR Nestling 8 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) 0.08 µg/g ww Liver concentration NR Nestling 5 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
VECURONIUM BROMIDE, ATROPINE, PHENYLEPHRINE 6.2 mm ± 0.4 Peak pupil diameter NR Nestling 9 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEXACHLOROBENZENE Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 4 Lake Okeechobee Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ATROPINE No effect Peak pupil diameter NR Nestling 9 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
OXYCHLORDANE 0.04 µg/g ww Brain concentration NR Nestling 4 Lake Okeechobee Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
VECURONIUM BROMIDE 148 min ± 88 Duration of pupil dilation NR Nestling 9 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 0.04 µg/g ww Brain concentration NR Nestling 4 Lake Okeechobee Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
VECURONIUM BROMIDE, ATROPINE 184 min ± 82 Duration of pupil dilation NR Nestling 8 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TRANS-NONACHLOR 0.03 µg/g ww Brain concentration NR Nestling 4 Lake Okeechobee Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
VECURONIUM BROMIDE, ATROPINE, PHENYLEPHRINE 260 min ± 16 Duration of pupil dilation NR Nestling 9 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.95 µg/g ww Brain concentration NR Nestling 4 Lake Okeechobee Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ATROPINE No effect Duration of pupil dilation NR Nestling 9 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEXACHLOROBENZENE Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 2 Central Everglades Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ARSENIC (elemental) 5.95 µg/g dw, 0.98 ww Plasma concentration NR 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
OXYCHLORDANE Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 2 Central Everglades Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) 0.06 µg/g dw, 0.01 ww Plasma concentration NR 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 2 Central Everglades Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 0.03 µg/g dw, 0.006 ww Plasma concentration NR 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TRANS-NONACHLOR Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 2 Central Everglades Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY (elemental) <0.005-0.30 µg/g dw, <0.001-0.05 ww Plasma concentration NR 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.06 µg/g ww Brain concentration NR Nestling 2 Central Everglades Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
SELENIUM (elemental) 41.54 µg/g dw, 6.84 ww Plasma concentration NR 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEXACHLOROBENZENE Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 10 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PERFLUOROOCTANESULFONIC ACID (PFSA) 256 ng/g ww Liver concentration NR Not Reported 2 Naples Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
OXYCHLORDANE Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 10 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA

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