Gopher Snake (Pituophis catenifer formerly Pituophis melanoleucus)
Gopher Snake (Pituophis catenifer formerly Pituophis melanoleucus)
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLUTONIUM (elemental), RADIONUCLIDES | 239 Pu activities: lung, <0.02; liver, 0.03; bone, 0.05 dpm/g | Not Reported | Not Reported | 2 | Energy Research and Development Administration Rocky Flats, Denver | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 8.8 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 38 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |||
| Body Weight - Mean | 33.5 | g | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 68 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 15 d | 6 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | OC = 0.324/(37.4 - T) | resting oxygen consumption (OC) as a function of body temperature (T; 10-35C) | ml O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 14 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | OC = 0.198T - 0.126 | active oxygen consumption (OC) as a function of body temperature (T; 10-29C) | ml O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 14 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | OC = 0.0101T + 0.162 | active oxygen consumption (OC) as a function of body temperature (T; 29-35C) | ml O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 14 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 548 | g | Not Reported | Adult | 14 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Cottontail (37.1%); Ground squirrel (27.9%); Woodrat (18.6%); Bird egg (5.3%); Gopher (4.0%); Other (7.1%) | percentage of total prey weight palped from stomachs | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 70 prey items | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Population Density | 0.6 | #/acre | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Food Ingestion Rate | 2 | g/d | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Townsend ground squirrel (10.6%); Mountain conttontail (11.6%); Deer mouse (43.3%); Ord kangaroo rat (5.8%); Great Basin pocket mouse (5.8%); Montane vole (9.6%); House mouse (6.7%); Other species (6.7%) | % frequency of prey based on stomach contents and scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 104 prey items/455 snakes | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Dietary Composition | Townsend ground squirrel (30.3%); Mountain conttontail (34.4%); Deer mouse (15.8%); Ord kangaroo rat (5.9%); Great Basin pocket mouse (1.7%); Montane vole (5.6%); House mouse (2.2%); Other species (4.1%) | % biomass of prey based on stomach contents and scat analysis | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 104 prey items/455 snakes | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Torpor or Hibernation | Oct. - Apr. | Not Reported | Not Reported | 455 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Body Weight - Mean | 11.5 | g | Both Male and Female | Neonate | 9 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.3 SD | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 45.0 | g | Male | Juvenile | 44 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 38.9 SD | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 59.8 | g | Female | Juvenile | 59 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 43.0 SD | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 238.4 | g | Male | Adult | 231 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 101.5 SD | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 267.9 | g | Female | Adult | 90 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 123.0 SD | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 6.9 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 20 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.10 SD | |
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | Oct. | Not Reported | Hatchling | Not Reported | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | June - July | time of laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 125 | d | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 3 | yr | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | range of abundance along a transect crossing 3 habitat types | #/km | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Corral Hollow Road (elev. 91 - 488 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alameda, San Joaquin |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Townsend ground squirrel (8.7%); Mountain conttontail (7.8%); Deer mouse (47.5%); Ord kangaroo rat (4.9%); Great Basin pocket mouse (5.8%); Montane vole (9.7%); House mouse (7.8%); Other species (7.8%) | % frequency of prey ingested based on stomach content and scat analysis | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 103 items/405 captures | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Dietary Composition | Townsend ground squirrel (27.7%); Mountain conttontail (31.6%); Deer mouse (19.0%); Ord kangaroo rat (5.4%); Great Basin pocket mouse (1.8%); Montane vole (6.1%); House mouse (2.8%); Other species (5.5%) | % biomass of prey ingested based on stomach content and scat analysis | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 103 items/405 captures | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Population Density | 1.2 | mean density in 9 habitat types | #/ha | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Snake Rive Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.6 SD | ||
| Food Ingestion Rate | 1.6 | % body weight consumed per day | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 43 | captive in outdoor enclosures at Snake River Birds of Prey Area | Exposure Factor Datasets | Age class 1 and older | 0.82 SD | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 8.5 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 33 | "west coast" | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Ground squirrel (44.3%); Woodrat (29.5%); Cottontail (19.7%); Quail egg (8.4%); Pocket gopher (6.4%); Mouse (4.4%); Meadow mouse (3.4%); Fence lizard (1.5%); Kangaroo rat (1.3%); Pocket mouse (0.6%); Broad-shouldered lizard (0.4%) | % of total food items recovered from stomach contents | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 72 food items | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Home Range | 460 | median distance traveled between recaptures | ft | Both Male and Female | Adult | 25 | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | log VO2 = 0.013 + 0.049T | equation for oxygen consumption (logarithm of VO2; ul O2/g-h) as a function of body temperature (15-30C) | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 11 | captured at Riverside, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | resting | Laboratory |
| Body Weight - Mean | 655 | g | Not Reported | Adult | 11 | captured at Riverside, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| Inhalation Rate | 363 (15C); 508 (20C); 709 (25C); 999 (30C) | ventilation volume [ml (BTPS)/kg/hr) measured at 15-30 C | ml/kg/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 7 | captured at Riverside, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | resting | Laboratory |
| Metabolic Rate | 5.6 (15C); 9.8 (20C); 17.3 (25C); 30.4 (30C) | oxygen consumption rates measured at body temperatures of 15-30C | ml O2/kg/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 4/temp | captured at Riverside, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | resting | Laboratory |
Comment
