Mammals

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California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

Population abundance, pup mortality, and copulation frequency in the California sea lion in relation to the 1983 El Nino on San Nicolas Island

Author(s)
Francis, J. M. and C. B. Heath
Pages
271-288
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Clutches or Litters per year range of fecundity over 4 yrs; peak pup/peak female counts pups/female/yr Female Adult 4360-6952 pups San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 10-18 range of % mortality during the first 2 mo of life; estimated over 3 yrs % Female Pup 2679 pups San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 mo
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) II: Milk intake

Author(s)
Iverson, S. J., O.T. Oftedal and D.J. Boness
Pages
180-184
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Growth Rate 95.0 daily weight gain during 1st mo of life g/d Female Pup 4 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 11.75 SE
Citation:

California sea lion mortality: Natural or artifact

Author(s)
Brownell, R. L. and B.J. LeBoeuf
Pages
287-305
Publisher
Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition May-late June pupping season Female Adult Not Reported San Miguel Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Air temperature and direct partitional calorimetry of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus)

Author(s)
South, F.E., R. H. Luecke, M. L. Zatzman and M. D. Shanklin
Pages
27-30
Year
Issue
1
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 2.1 resting metabolism kcal/kg/hr Female Juvenile 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Milk and energy intakes of suckling California Sea Lions (Z. californicus) pups in relation to sex, growth and predicted maintenance requirements

Author(s)
Oftedal, Olav T., Sara J. Iverson and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
560-575
Year
Issue
5
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate daily energy intake estimated from milk intake; range of means for 2 yrs kcal/d Female Pup 1-8/yr San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1 mo
Water Ingestion Rate 549 total daily water intake derived from sum of milk water intake and metabolic water production g/d Female Pup 19 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 2 mo 21.6 SE

San Joaquin Antelope Squirrel (Ammospermophilus nelsoni)

Citation:

Survival and home range in the Nelson antelope ground squirrel

Author(s)
Hawbecker, Albert C.
Pages
207-215
Year
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Hatching or Parturition Mar. Not Reported Neonate Not Reported Panoche (elev., 1200') Exposure Factor Datasets San Benito
Home Range 11 "normal" home range estimated as area enclosed by points of capture acres Not Reported Adult 240 squirrel trapped Panoche (elev., 1200') Exposure Factor Datasets San Benito

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Multiple litters in the California ground squirrel, Spermophilus beecheyi fisheri, in Tulare county

Author(s)
Simpson, G. L., and T.K. Lamunyon
Pages
101-104
Year
Volume
9
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying Feb. - Apr. Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Coho creek Exposure Factor Datasets Tulare
Citation:

A population study of the Beechey ground squirrel in central California

Author(s)
Evans, F. C. and R. Holdenried
Pages
231-260
Year
Issue
2
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year 1 litters/yr Female Adult Not Reported Calaveras Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Santa Clara
Clutch or Litter Size 6.25 young/litter Female Adult 8 litters Calaveras Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Santa Clara
Citation:

Energy metabolism and evaporative water loss in the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Baudinette, Russel V.
Pages
57-72
Year
Volume
81
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean 599.6 g Not Reported Not Reported 10 University of California, Irvine Exposure Factor Datasets Orange
Body Weight - Mean 402.3 g Not Reported Not Reported 10 University of California, Irvine Exposure Factor Datasets Orange
Citation:

Ecology of the California ground squirrel on grazing lands

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
559-596
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 400 diameter of "typical" home range ft Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The California Ground Squirrel

Author(s)
Linsdale, Jean M.
Pages
475
Publisher
University of California Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Molt June molt of juvenile or adult pelage Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Hastings Natural History Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey
Citation:

Seasonal variation in body weight, fat, and behaviour of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Author(s)
Holekamp, Kay E. and Scott Nunes
Pages
1425-1433
Year
Issue
6
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition Error
Clutch or Litter Size 6.7 young/litter Female Adult 26 University of California, Santa Cruz Campus ( elev., 120 m) [lat., 37^0W; long., 122^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz primiparous 0.3 SE
Citation:

Patterns of progesterone secretion in free-living California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Author(s)
Holekamp, K.E., S. Nunes and F. Talamantes
Pages
1051-1059
Year
Issue
5
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying Feb. - Mar. Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported University of California, Santa Cruz Campus [lat., 37^oN; long., 122^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz
Citation:

The annual cycle of the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Tomich, P. Quentin
Pages
213-282
Year
Volume
65
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 677 g Male Adult 61 Davis and Dixon Exposure Factor Datasets Solano, Yolo 113.5

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

Energy relationships of the mammals of a desert shrub (Larrea tridentata) community

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Alice Eastlake Chew
Pages
1-20
Year
Issue
1
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Population Density 11.47 #/ha Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported San Simon Valley, Portal (elev., 1370 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Metabolic Rate OC = 5.32 - 0.134 T equation relating oxygen consumption (OC) to temperature (T, 29-35C) ml O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Adult 6/sampling period; 10 periods captured at San Simon Valley, AZ from Aug. - July Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Population Ecology of a desert rodent: Dipodomys merriami in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Zeng, Zongyong and James H. Brown
Pages
1328-1340
Year
Issue
5
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 53.8 mean distance moved from site of initial capture m Female Not Reported 339 Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal water and energy metabolism of the desert dwelling kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Author(s)
Nagy, Kenneth A. and M.J. Gruchacz
Pages
1461-1478
Year
Issue
6
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Population Density 17.5 #/ha Not Reported Not Reported 5 Kelso Sand Dunes (elev., 830-840 m) [lat., 34^o53'30"N, long., 115^o40'20"W] Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino 1.6 SD
Citation:

A comparative study of growth and development of the kangaroo rats, Dipodomys deserti stephens and Dipodomys merriami mearns

Author(s)
Butterworth, Bernard B.
Pages
127-139
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning d Not Reported Juvenile 4 litters adults captured at Alpine Butte, Los Angeles County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Consumption of herbaceaous vegetation and water during reproduction and development of Merriam's Kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Soholt, Lars F.
Pages
445-457
Year
Issue
2
Volume
98
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of seasonal changes in weight g Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Citation:

Ecology of rodents in Indian Cove (Mojave Desert), Joshua Tree National Monument, California

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Bernard B. Butterworth
Pages
203-225
Year
Volume
45
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of seasonal changes in weight g Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Notes on home ranges and population density of two species of heteromyid rodents in southwestern Texas

Author(s)
York, Christopher L.
Pages
42-46
Year
Volume
1
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 6.38 acres Male Adult 4 Presidio County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Repeatability of mammalian physiology: Evaporative water loss and oxygen consumption of Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Hayes, Jack P., Chad A. Bible and John D. Boone
Pages
475-485
Year
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 36.7 g Not Reported Adult 30 Exposure Factor Datasets 3.7 SD Laboratory

Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)

Citation:

Growth and development of Dipodomys stephensi

Author(s)
Lackey, James A.
Pages
624-632
Year
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning d Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Distances moved by Stephens' kangaroo rat (Dipodomys stephensi Merriam) and implications for conservation

Author(s)
Price, Mary V., Patrick A. Kelly and Ross L. Goldingay
Pages
929-939
Year
Volume
75
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range range of median maximum distance moved based on monthly live trapping capture data at 2 sites m Male Juvenile 17-59 Motte Rock Ecological Reserve [lat., 33^o53'N; long., 117^o6'W] and San Jacinto Wildlife Area [lat., 33^o51'N; long., 116^o54'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

Assessment of popultion and habitat status of the Stephens' kangaroo rat (Dipodomys stephensi)

Author(s)
O'Farrell, Michael J. and Curt Uptain
Pages
198
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Nongame Bird and Mammal Section
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density #/ha Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Reproduction of three species of pocket mice, (Perognathus) in the Bonneville Basin, Utah

Author(s)
Cramer, Kenneth L. and Joseph A. Chapman
Pages
361-365
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 5.78 embryos/litter Female Adult 9 Floating Island, Tooele County (elev., 1300-1420 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 0.22

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Food habits of four species of rodents on a short-grass prairie in Colorado

Author(s)
Flake, Lester D.
Pages
636-647
Year
Issue
3
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition ANIMAL MATTER: Coleoptera adults (11.0); Coleoptera larvae (3.6); Grasshoppers (6.4); Leaf hoppers (13.3); Lepidoptera adults (2.3); Lepidoptera larvae (19.4); Spiders (2.6); PLANT MATTER: Seeds (22.5); Total forbs (4.7) - Kochia scoparia (1.9); Total grasses and sedges (4.0); Total shrubs (3.8). estimated percent volume, by ranking method, of total matter in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 108 Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bioenergetics of North Plains rodents

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R. and Karen L. Groepper
Year
Issue
2
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Food Ingestion Rate range of weighted means of dry weights of stomach contents; mg Male Adult 59-359 Ward and McClean Counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Breeding by Peromyscus in seasonal environments

Author(s)
Millar, John S., F.B. Wille and Stuart L. Iverson
Pages
719-727
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 5.24 #/litter Female Adult 46 Pinawa, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets multiparous CANADA 0.22 SE
Citation:

Metabolic rates of Peromyscus maniculatus in winter, spring and summer

Author(s)
Stebbins, Lucius L., Reginald Orich and John Nagy
Pages
99-104
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Metabolic Rate 2.66 average resting metabolic rate estimated as oxygen consumption at 20.6C ml O2/g/hr Male Adult 4 animals placed in cages in forest near Lethbridge, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.08 SE
Citation:

Some rodent populations in the Sierra Nevada of California

Author(s)
Storer, T.I., F.C. Evans and F.G. Palmer
Pages
166-192
Year
Issue
2
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 0.24 acres Male Adult 29 Bass Lake (elev., 4500 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food of deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus and P. boylei, in the northern Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Jameson, Jr., E.W.
Pages
50-60
Year
Issue
1
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition seeds (0-68%); fruit (0-24%); arthropods (0-47%); leaves (0-19%); fungi (0-43%); misc. (0-27%) volumetric % of stomach contents, range of monthly means for 2 yrs. and 2 habitat types % Not Reported Not Reported 78-105 western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500 - 5000 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparative population ecology of eleven species of rodents in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Brown, J. H. and Z. Zeng
Pages
46-63
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 0.28 mean density #/ha Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 74 Portal, Cochise County (elev. 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal home ranges and activity of small mammals of a Colorado subalpine forest

Author(s)
Merritt, Joseph F. and Joanie M. Merritt
Pages
195 - 202
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 0.03 ha Male Adult 18 eastern slope, Colorado Rocky Mountains (elev., 3120 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 0.54 SE
Citation:

Relationship between metabolic rate and energy expenditure for lactation in Peromyscus

Author(s)
Glazier, Douglas S.
Pages
587-590
Year
Issue
4
Volume
80
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 4.46 rate of energy expenditure for lactation per gram maternal weight kJ/g/d Female Adult 10 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.29 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Intraspecific variation in body size, metabolic rate, and reproduction of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Earle, Michael and D. M. Lavigne
Pages
381-388
Year
Issue
2
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Clutch or Litter Size range of means from 3 sites pups/litter Female Adult 19-29 adults captured at Milk River, Alberta [lat., 49^o07'N; long., 111^o45'W] and Sydney, British Columbia, Canada [lat., 48^o43'N; long., 123^o20'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive pattern in four coexisting rodent species from the Cascade Mountains, Washington

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and Barnes, B. M.
Year
Issue
2
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutches or Litters per year litters/yr Female Adult Not Reported Cascade Mountains, Fish Lake [lat., 47^o, 49'N; long., 120^o, 40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets

Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)

Citation:

Adaptations and speciation of harvest mice of the marshes of San Francisco Bay

Author(s)
Fisler, George F.
Pages
1-98
Year
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Mar. - Nov. breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Francisco Bay marshes Exposure Factor Datasets

California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Extra-large body size in California voles: causes and fitness consequences

Author(s)
Lidicker, William Z., and Richard S. Ostfield
Pages
108-121
Year
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties
Body Weight - Mean "typical" body weight g Male Adult Not Reported Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets >25 d Contra Costa
Body Fat (total or %) see citation figure relating fat content to body weight g Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 44 Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Nutritional ecology of the California vole: Effects of food quality on reproduction

Author(s)
Batzli, George O.
Pages
406-412
Year
Issue
2
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 3.7 young/litter Female Adult 24 Exposure Factor Datasets subadult (4 weeks) 0.2 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Condition and diet of cycling populations of the California Vole, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Batzli, George O. and Frank A Pitelka
Pages
141-163
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 6.0 mean; height of growing season pups/litter Female Adult 4 Russell Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa 1.3 (95%CI)
Body Fat (total or %) see citation figure of seasonal changes in body fat content g/g dry lean wt Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Richmond Field Station and Russel Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Nutritional ecology of microtine rodents: digestibility of forage

Author(s)
Batzli, G. O., and F. Russell Cole
Pages
740-750
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 693 ingested energy; fed ryegrass seeds for 21 d cal/g/d Not Reported 8 Exposure Factor Datasets 28 d or older 22 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Demographic changes in fluctuating populations of Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Krebs, Charles J.
Pages
239-273
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range of minimum # alive in 8 areas at 103 weekly intervals #/acre Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Tilden Regional Park and Richmond Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)

Citation:

Spring and summer foods of Audubon's cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus audubonii) in north-central Colorado

Author(s)
deCalesta, David S.
Pages
549-553
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Grasses, 20 species (0 - 21.6%); Forbs, 16 species (0 - 12.4%); Shrubs, 1 species (1.1%); Cactus, 1 species (1.9%) range of % composition of species; estimated as sum of all fragments per food species from all stomachs divided by sum of fragments from all stomachs % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 29 Fort Collins, Larimer County (elev. 1650-2200 m) Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Home range and mobility of brush rabbits in California chaparral

Author(s)
Connell, Joseph H.
Pages
392-405
Year
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 69 average radii drawn from computed center of activity to capture points ft Female Adult 10 Berkeley Hills Exposure Factor Datasets 8
Citation:

Movement patterns of brush rabbits in northwestern California

Author(s)
Shields, Paul W.
Pages
381-386
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range 131 mean range diameter ft Male Juvenile 17 Humboldt Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt

Desert Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. arsipus)

Citation:

Ecology of the desert kit fox, Vulpes macrotis arsipus, in the Mojave Desert of southern California

Author(s)
O'Farrell, Thomas P. and Larry Gilbertson
Pages
1-15
Year
Issue
1
Volume
85
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 2034 g Male Adult 15 foxes Rand Open Area and Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area Exposure Factor Datasets Kern 78 SE

San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)

Citation:

Life history of the San Joaquin kit fox

Author(s)
Morrell, Stephen
Pages
162-174
Year
Issue
3
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size pups Female Adult 5 litters Buena Vista Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Reproduction and spacing patterns of kit foxes relative to changing prey availability

Author(s)
White, Patrick J. and Katherine Ralls
Pages
861-867
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Home Range 11.6 individual home range size km2 Both Male and Female Adult 21 foxes Carrizo Plain Natural Area Exposure Factor Datasets San Luis Obispo 0.9 SE

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)

Citation:

Notes on kit fox biology in Utah

Author(s)
Daneke, Dennis, Melvin Sunquist and Stephen Berwick
Pages
361-362
Year
Issue
3
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 1.9 calculated with Minimum Area Method km2 Male Adult 4 Pine Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1.1 SD

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. austerus)

Citation:

The ecology of the deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, in a coastal coniferous forest. I. Population dynamics

Author(s)
Petticrew, B.G. and R.M.F.S. Sadleir
Pages
107-118
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Survival/ Mortality range of mean probabilities of survival on three areas by breeding season and sex Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported University of British Columbia Research Forest Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)

Citation:

Reproduction by Peromyscus maniculatus: size and compromise

Author(s)
Myers, Philip and Lawrence L. Master
Pages
1-18
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Body Weight - Mean Range of mean body weights for females with varying litter sizes (2-9) g Female Adult 4 - 111 Exposure Factor Datasets At conception Laboratory
Citation:

Some factors affecting the distribution of the prairie vole, forest deer mouse, and prairie deer mouse.

Author(s)
Dice, Lee R.
Pages
29-47
Year
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Water Ingestion Rate 1.74 daily water ingestion at ambient temperature of 21C cc/animal/d Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of northern Peromyscus maniculatus borealis

Author(s)
Millar, J.S.
Pages
510-515
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 1.87 g Both Male and Female Neonate 281 original pairs trapped at Heart Lake, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets 0 d 0.01 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Demographic and life cycle characteristics of montane deer mice

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Duncan G. Innes
Pages
574-585
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 13.7 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 110 Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets "young of the yr" CANADA 0.3 SE
Population Density # of animals live-trapped in 3 grids (2 - 4 ha) from May to Oct. (1979 - 1981) #/ha Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 grids Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Seasonal activity and feeding patterns in a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii)

Author(s)
Seabloom, Robert W., Robert G. Schwab and Susan C. Loeb
Pages
2238-2243
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Food Ingestion Rate 0.24 mean dry stomach content mass g Female Adult 60 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou 0.03 SE
Time of Mating/ Laying January, August-October annual reproductive peaks Female Adult 1085 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nebrascensis)

Citation:

Growth in two subspecies of Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Drickamer, Lee C. and Joan Bernstein
Pages
228-231
Year
Issue
1
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 7.3 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 90 captured in Nebraska Exposure Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of Peromyscus maniculatus nebrascensis

Author(s)
Millar, John S.
Pages
1280-1284
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 0.17 average daily food intake g/g/d Female Adult 49 captured in Alberta, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets non-breeding Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)

Citation:

Comparative population ecology of Peromyscus leucopus and Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Wolff, Jerry O.
Pages
1548-1555
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.4 based on embryo counts #/litter Female Adult 52 Mountain Lake Biological Station, Giles County [lat., 37^010'N; long., 80^o30' W] Exposure Factor Datasets 0.07 SE

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

An altitudinal survey of reproduction in Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Dunmire, William W.
Pages
174-182
Year
Issue
1
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.88 potential litter size; estimated using the larger of corpora lutea count or embryo sites #/litter Female Adult 26 White Mountain (elev.,12,400 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets Mono 0.46 SE

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. arizonae)

Citation:

Reproduction in the Audubon cottontail in Arizona

Author(s)
Sowls, Lyle K.
Pages
234-243
Year
Issue
2
Volume
38
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.9 estimated by embryo counts young/litter Female Adult 56 southern portion of state Exposure Factor Datasets

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. vallicola)

Citation:

Ecology of a cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus auduboni) population in central California

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
159 - 184
Year
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range acres Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. ubericolor)

Citation:

Organ weights and sexual dimorphism of the brush rabbit

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A.
Pages
453-455
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 732.25 g Female Adult 45 E.E. Wilson Game Management Area, Corvallis Exposure Factor Datasets 80.85 SD

Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)

Citation:

Age, sex, and weight comparisons in three species of shrews

Author(s)
Rudd, Robert L.
Pages
323-338
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying spring time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Francisco Bay region Exposure Factor Datasets

Broad-footed Mole (Scapanus latimanus)

Citation:

Feeding habits of the southern California mole

Author(s)
Grim, John Norman
Pages
265-268
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean 55.0 g Not Reported Not Reported 6 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:

Antrozous pallidus

Author(s)
Hermanson, John W. and Thomas J. O'Shea
Pages
1-8
Year
Volume
213
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation Review Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effect of climatic variation on reproduction by pallid bats (Antrozous pallidus)

Author(s)
Lewis, Susan E.
Pages
1429-1433
Year
Volume
71
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Time of Hatching or Parturition June 17 (initiation) date of first capture of a lactating female Female Adult 39 John Day River Valley, 44deg 55' N, 120deg 27' W Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Citation:

Natural history of the pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus (LeConte)

Author(s)
Orr, Robert T.
Pages
165-246
Year
Issue
4
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean 25.2 g Male Adult 16 Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, San Luis Obispo
Citation:

Physiological responses to high environmental temperatures in three species of microchiropteran bats

Author(s)
Licht, Paul, and Philip Leitner
Pages
371-387
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate see citation figure of metabolic heat production Not Reported Adult Not Reported 50 mi. NE of Berkeley (capture location) Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Home range, activity and daily movements of coyotes

Author(s)
Andelt, William F. and Philip S. Gipson
Pages
944-951
Year
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 24.2 composite home range estimated by minimum area method km2 Female Adult 4 Lancaster and Cass Counties Exposure Factor Datasets 20.7 SD
Citation:

Foods of coyotes (Canis latrans) in Oklahoma

Author(s)
Best, Troy L., Barbara Hoditschek and Howard H. Thomas
Pages
67-69
Year
Volume
26
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition grasses (81.6%); persimmon (3.7%); unidentified seeds (5.2%); other plant material (44.9%); grasshoppers (11.8%); beetles (12.5%); chicken (2.2%); other birds (3.7%); cottontail (13.9%); pocket gopher (5.9%); cotton rat (14.7%); wood rat (2.2%); pine vole (2.2%); coyote (28.7%); cattle (33.8%) % frequency of occurrence in stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 136 Cleveland, Grady and McClain Counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Coyote movements in Sagehen Creek basin, northeastern California

Author(s)
Hawthorne, Vernon M.
Pages
154-161
Year
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 21.5 lbs Female Adult 26 Sagehen Creek Field Station, Truckee (elev., 5000-6300 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Longevity of the coyote

Author(s)
Manville, Richard H.
Pages
390
Year
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Longevity 15 maximum lifespan yrs Male Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Coyote diets associated with seasonal mule deer activities in California

Author(s)
Smith, James R.
Pages
78-82
Year
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition mule deer (3%); small mammals (18%); birds (2%); reptiles (2%); insects (2%); fruits (82%); other (1%) % frequency of food items in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 199 Sierra National Forest (elev. 300 -3900 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno
Citation:

Winter diets of coyotes in relation to prey abundance in southern Texas

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A. and Carl D. Mitchell
Pages
439-447
Year
Volume
71
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition lagomorphs (27 - 54%); woodrat (5-21%); cotton rat (0-40%); small rodents (4-12%); deer (4-19%); other prey (8 - 22%) range of percent distribution of prey items over 8 yrs % Not Reported Not Reported 2335 scats Webb County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Age distribution and weights of coyotes in northwestern Texas

Author(s)
Meinzer, Wyman P. and Fred S. Guthery
Pages
275-278
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean 8.2 (0.5yr); 10.4 (1.5 yr); 12.8 (2.5 yr); 13.2 (3.5 yr); 13.7 (4.5 yr); 12.5 (5.5 yr); 12.1 (6.5 yr); 12.6 (>7.5 yr) average body weights at various ages kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles 8 - 76/age King and Knox counties Exposure Factor Datasets 0.5 - >7.5 yr
Citation:

Coyote morphometric characteristics and mass dynamics in the San Joaquin Valley, California

Author(s)
Cypher, Brian L.
Pages
360-365
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 10.4 kg Male Pup 28 Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88 - 473 m) Exposure Factor Datasets <1yr Kern 0.2 SE
Citation:

Relationships among coyote food habits, prey populations, and habitat use

Author(s)
Reichel, James D.
Pages
133-137
Year
Volume
65
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition voles (79.4%); deer mice (4.7%); other rodents (7.9%); deer (9.8%); pronghorn (1.6%); other ungulates (5.4%); lagomorphs (1.6%); other mammals (1.9%); birds and eggs (6.6%); seeds and fruit (1.0%); insects (2.2%); unknown (3.8%) % frequency of occurrence of items in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 315 National Bison Range (elev., 696-1361 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food habits of coyotes in Arkansas

Author(s)
Gipson, Philip S.
Pages
848-853
Year
Volume
38
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition poultry (34%); persimmons (23%); insects (11%); rodents (9%); songbirds (8%); cattle (7%); rabbits (7%); deer (5%); woodchucks (4%); goats (4%); watermelons (4%) % occurrence of 11 most common items in stomach contents % Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 168 Ozarks, Ouachitas, Coastal Plain and Delta Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food and population characteristics of Iowa coyotes

Author(s)
Mathwig, Herbert J.
Pages
167-189
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 1 greatest density #/1.4 mi2 Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)

Citation:

Growth and behavior of a litter of captive long-tailed weasels

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C.
Pages
412-415
Year
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Sexual Maturity d Male Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Metabolism of weasels: The cost of being long and thin

Author(s)
Brown, James H. and Robert C. Lasiewski
Pages
939-943
Year
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Surface Area SA = 6.04W^0.73 equation relating surface area (SA, cm2) to body weight (W, g), estimated from skin area cm2 Not Reported Adult Not Reported captured in White Pine County, NV Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Citation:

Care, management, and biology of captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Wade-Smith Julia and Milo E. Richmond
Pages
575-584
Year
Issue
5
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Lab
Longevity 6 years Not Reported Adult Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Population characteristics and movements of striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) in central Alberta

Author(s)
Bjorge, Ronald R., John R. Gunson and William M. Samuel
Pages
149-155
Year
Issue
2
Volume
95
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Clutch or Litter Size range of mean litter sizes for two years pups/litter Female Adult 15 litters Tofield 15 deg.N,112 deg. W east central Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Skunks as grasshopper destroyers

Author(s)
Hamilton, W. J. (JR)
Pages
918
Year
Issue
4
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition percent grasshoppers in stomach contents (43% of animals examined) % grasshoppers Not Reported Not Reported 230 animals Ithaca Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Mephitis mephitis

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and B.J. Verts
Pages
1-7
Year
Volume
173
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Metabolic Rate review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) activities within the vicinity of the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant, 1973-1978

Author(s)
Benech, S.V.
Pages
33-44
Year
Volume
1979
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition abalone (43%), crabs (16%), urchins (13%), other (28%) The composition is based on occurrence of observed items. Both Male and Female Not Reported 15-170 Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant; Point San Luis to Point Buchon Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Home range and territoriality of sea otters near Monterey, California

Author(s)
Loughlin, T.R.
Year
Issue
3
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean Weight for males kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles 15 Monterey, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey
Citation:

Reproduction, survival and tag loss in California sea otters

Author(s)
Siniff, Donald B., and Katherine Ralls
Pages
211-229
Year
Issue
3
Volume
7
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning <80 or >120 estimate time period that pups spent with mothers d Not Reported Juvenile 24 animals Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The sea otter in the eastern Pacific Ocean

Author(s)
Kenyon, Karl W.
Pages
1-352
Year
Issue
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation estimated gestation including delayed implantation period mo Female Adult 275 reproductive tracts Amchitka Island Exposure Factor Datasets
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