Birds

Export to CSV
Displaying 3074 data points

Snowy Egret (Egretta thula)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 12.8, 2003: 15.2, 2004: 13.0 g Liver weight Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 20.45, 2003: 36.38 µg/g ww Feather concentration Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Lahontan Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDD (4,4'-) MS-90:0.0222, BI-82: 0.246, BI-89: 0.0180, BI-90: 0.0473, WM-89: 0.0168, WM-90: 0.0098, SW-91: 0.0683 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo BI-82: 10, others: 5 MS: Mallard Slough, Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY Review, see citation Figure 2 Egg concentration Embryo Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDD (2,4'-) 0.12 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 4 Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY 0.15 µg/g [0.05-0.31 (95% CI)] Embryonic LD50 Embryo 63 Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 423, reference: 422 g Body weight Both Adults and Juveniles LCRS: 6, Reference: 5 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS Lahontan Reservoir: 3.55, Humboldt River: 3.59 g Kidney weight Not Reported Nestling 7 Lahontan Reservoir: contaminated site; Humbodlt River: reference site Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 6.66, 2003: 8.50 µg/g ww Feather concentration Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDT (4,4'-) MS-90: 0.0122, BI-89: 0.0282, BI-90: 0.0506, WM-89: 0.0185, WM-90: 0.0236, SW-91: 0.0572 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo BI-82: 10, others: 5 MS: Mallard Slough, Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY Review, see ciation Figure 3 Feather concentration Not Reported Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDT (2,4'-) 0.46 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 6 Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 1997: 0.60, 1998: 1.20 µg/g ww Stomach concentration Both Adults and Juveniles 1997: 4, 1998: 6 Lahontan Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 13.73, reference: 12.44 g Liver weight Both Adults and Juveniles LCRS: 6, Reference: 5 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 0.170, 2003: 0.646, 2004: 0.262 g Spleen weight Not Reported Nestling 2002: 2, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Lahontan Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PCB 2.49 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Mallard Slough Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
BORON COMPOUNDS BI-89: 0.408, WM-89: 0.395, WM-91: 0.859, SW-91: 1.29 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (2,4'-) 4.8 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 9 Blackfoot Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DIELDRIN 0.02 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 2 Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY 1997: 0.53, 1998: 1.12 µg/g ww Stomach concentration Both Adults and Juveniles 1997: 4, 1998: 6 Lahontan Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 4.78, reference: 4.56 g Kidney weight Both Adults and Juveniles LCRS: 6, Reference: 5 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 0.170, 2003: 0.646, 2004: 0.626 g Spleen weight Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PCB 1982: 3.32, 1989: 1.23, 1990: 5.38 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 1982: 10, 1989: 5, 1990: 5 Bair Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
BARIUM (elemental) BI-89: 0.259, WM-89: 0.351, SW-91: 0.823 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDD (2,4'-) 0.16 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 6 Blackfoot Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 0.03 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 1 Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 1997: 0.31, 1998: 0.61 µg/g ww Stomach concentration Both Adults and Juveniles 5 Carson Lake Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 0.28, reference: 0.50 g Spleen weight Both Adults and Juveniles LCRS: 6, Reference: 5 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 2.41, 2003: 2.04, 2004: 1.66 g Brain weight Not Reported Nestling 2002: 2, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Lahontan Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PCB 1989: 2.19, 1990: 0.792, 1991: 1.55 Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 W. Marin Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CHROMIUM (elemental) BI-89: 0.849, WM-89: 0.813 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDT (2,4'-) 0.47 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 6 Blackfoot Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
OXYCHLORDANE 0.02 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 1 Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY 1997: 0.28, 1998: 0.43 µg/g ww Stomach concentration Both Adults and Juveniles 5 Carson Lake Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 2.92, reference: 3.30 g Brain weight Both Adults and Juveniles LCRS: 6, Reference: 5 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 2.34, 2003: 2.36, 2004: 2.32 g Brain weight Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PCB 0.185 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 S. Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
COPPER (elemental) BI-89: 7.16, WM-89: 7.10, WM-91: 7.12, SW-91: 6.21 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DIELDRIN 0.11 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 2 Blackfoot Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CIS-CHLORDANE 0.03 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 1 Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 43.65, reference site: 7.92 µg/g ww Liver concentration Adult LCRS: 6, reference: 5 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 38.0, reference: 43.0 Hematocrit Both Adults and Juveniles LCRS: 6, Reference: 5 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 2.70, 2003: 3.06, 2004: 2.40 µg/g ww Liver concentration Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Lahontan Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.925 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Mallard Slough Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
IRON (elemental) BI-89: 119.0, WM-89: 121.0, WM-91: 135.0, SW-91: 141.0 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 0.04 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 1 Blackfoot Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CIS-NONACHLOR Not detected Egg concentration Embryo Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 43.65, reference site: 7.92 µg/g ww Liver concentration Nestling LCRS: 6, reference: 7 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS See citation Table 7 Histopathology Both Adults and Juveniles LCRS: 5, Reference: 6 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 0.82, 2003: 0.86, 2004: 0.76 µg/g ww Liver concentration Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 1982: 2.04, 1989: 1.71, 1990: 1.88 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 1982: 10, 1989: 5, 1990: 5 Bair Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS BI-89: 549, WM-89: 623, WM-91: 597, SW-91: 643 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
OXYCHLORDANE 0.04 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 1 Blackfoot Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ENDRIN Not detected Egg concentration Embryo Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 11.12, reference site: 3.13 µg/g ww Kidney concentration Adult LCRS: 6, reference: 3 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS See citation Table 3 Egg concentration Embryo See citation Lahontan Reservoir & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY 2002: 2.35, 2003: 2.63, 2004: 2.01 µg/g ww Liver concentration Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Lahontan Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 1989: 1.86, 1990: 0.824, 1991: 1.17 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 W. Marin Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS BI-89: 2.43, WM-89: 3.07, WM-91: 4.54, SW-91: 2.43 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CIS-CHLORDANE 0.01 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 1 Blackfoot Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TOXAPHENE (POLYCHLORINATED CAMPHENES) 0.04 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 1 Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 2.74, reference site: 0.40 µg/g ww Kidney concentration Nestling LCRS: 6, reference: 7 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS See citation Table 4 Blood concentration Both Adults and Juveniles See citation Lahontan Reservoir & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY 2002: 0.68, 2003: 0.74, 2004: 0.59 µg/g ww Liver concentration Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 3.01 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 S. Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MOLYBDENUM BI-89:0.778, WM-89: 0.884, WM-91: 0.617, SW-91: 0.616 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA

California Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
METHYLMERCURY See citation Figures 3 & 4 Blood concentration Both Male and Female Not Reported 64 Gambinini Marsh, Mid-Petaluma Marsh, Black John Slough Toxicity Factor Datasets Sonoma USA
METHYLMERCURY See citation Figures 3 & 4 Feather concentration Not Reported 127 Gambinini Marsh, Mid-Petaluma Marsh, Black John Slough Toxicity Factor Datasets Sonoma USA

Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia formerly Speotyto cunicularia)

Citation:

Is the operational use of strychnine to control ground squirrels detrimental to burrowing owls?

Author(s)
James, Paul C., Glen A. Fox and Thomas J. Ethier
Pages
120-123
Year
Issue
4
Volume
24
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
STRYCHNINE no effect number of young produced per nest attempt Both Male and Female Juvenile 27 pr Saskatchewan Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA

Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)

Citation:

Organochlorine pesticide-related mortalities of raptors and other birds in New York, 1982-1986.

Author(s)
Stone, Ward B. and Joseph C. Okoniewski
Pages
429-438
Publisher
The Peregrine Fund, Inc.
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, MIREX, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased mortality due to pesticide exposure based on history, ante-mortem signs, and gross pathology Not Reported Not Reported 8 owls Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Productivity and survival of great horned owls exposed to dieldrin

Author(s)
Frank, Rosemary A. and R. Scott Lutz
Pages
331-339
Year
Volume
101
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DIELDRIN no effect productivity in contaminated versus uncontaminated sites Both Male and Female Adult 3-4 nests on contaminated sites; 5-9 nests on uncontaminated sites Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets

Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)

Citation:

Effects of granular formulations of terbufos and fonofos applied to cornfields on mortality and reproductive success of songbirds

Author(s)
Knapton, Richard W., and Pierre Mineau
Pages
138-153
Year
Volume
4
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
FONOFOS, TERBUFOS no effect survival of banded individuals, pre- versus post-application, up to 50 days post-application Both Male and Female Adult 88 males, 44 females (treatment); 69 males, 27 females (control) southwestern Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA

Western Grebe (Aechmophorus occidentalis)

Citation:

Mercury levels, reproduction, and hematology in western grebes from three California Lakes

Author(s)
Elbert, Ruth Anne and Daniel W. Anderson
Pages
210-213
Year
Issue
2
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 0.001 (Clear Lake), 0.16 (Tule Lake) productivity (young to adult ratios) at study locations Not Reported Adult 13 birds, Clear Lake; 5 birds, Tule Lake Clear Lake, Tule Lake Toxicity Factor Datasets Lake, Siskiyou

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Citation:

Biological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in double-crested cormorant chicks (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Author(s)
Sanderson, J. Thomas, Ross J. Norstrom, John E. Elliott, Leslie E. Hart, Kimberly M. Cheng and Gail D. Bellward
Pages
247-265
Year
Volume
41
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased at 1606 ng/kg total hepatic cytochrome P450 content Not Reported Hatchling 5-12 eggs/dose Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Lake Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Heavy metal and metallothionein concentrations in Atlantic Canadian seabirds

Author(s)
Elliott, J.E., A.M. Scheuhammer, F.A. Leighton and P.A. Pearce
Pages
63-73
Year
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
CADMIUM (elemental), MERCURY (elemental) no correlation correlation of mean metallothionein concentration (13.2-24.4 ug/g tissue) and metal concentrations in kidneys Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 24 birds Heron Is., Manawagonish Is., Ile aux pommes Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Accumulation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents by double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus, Pelicaniformes) chicks in the North American Great Lakes

Author(s)
Jones, P.D., J.P. Giesy, J.L. Newsted, D.A. Verbrugge, J.P. Ludwig, M.E. Ludwig, H.J. Auman, R. Crawford, D.E. Tillitt, T.J. Kubiak, and D.A. Best
Pages
192-209
Year
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) 47.5 pg/g bw gained (wet wt) pg TCDD equivalents accumulated per gram of body weight gained (from eggs to largest chicks) Not Reported Nestling 20 chicks St. Martin's Shoal, Lake Huron Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin injected into the yolks of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs prior to incubation

Author(s)
Powell, Debra, Richard J. Aulerich, John C. Meadows, Don E. Tillitt, Mary E. Kelly, Kenneth L. Stromborg, Mark J. Melancon, Scott D. Fitzgerald, and Steven J. Bursian
Pages
2035-2040
Year
Issue
10
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) increased @ all doses hepatic EROD activity in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo 83-86 eggs/treatment Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:

Toxicity of Zectran insecticide to several wildlife species

Author(s)
Tucker, Richard K. and D. Glen Crabtree
Pages
1307-1310
Year
Issue
6
Volume
62
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
MEXACARBATE 3.0 mg/kg LD50 Both Male and Female Not Reported 12 Toxicity Factor Datasets 3 - 5 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Lead poisoning in six captive avian species

Author(s)
Beyer, W.N., J.W. Spann, L. Sileo and J.C. Franson
Pages
121-130
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD ACETATE decreased ALAD enzyme activity versus controls Male Adult 10 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Dieldrin and DDT effects on reproduction and some hepatic mixed-function oxidases in the mallard duck

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
302-314
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Plutonium, Am, Cm and Sr in ducks maintained on radioactive leaching ponds in southeastern Idaho

Author(s)
Markham, O. Doyle, Douglas K. Halford, Susan K. Rope and George B. Kuzo
Pages
517-524
Year
Volume
55
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
RADIONUCLIDES see citation table of mean concentrations of 6 radionuclides (238Pu, 239Pu, 241Am, 242Cm, 244Cm, 90Sr) in 6 mallard tissue types Not Reported Adult 7-15 leaching ponds, Test Reactor Area, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Aroclor 1242 and reproductive success of adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Haseltine, Susan D. and Richard M. Prouty
Pages
29-34
Year
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1242 decrease @ 150 ppm body weight at 6, 8 and 12 wks of treatment Female Adult 12 pairs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dicofol on mallard eggshell quality

Author(s)
Bennett, Jewel K., Stephen E. Dominguez and William L. Griffis
Pages
907-912
Year
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DICOFOL increase @ 100 ug/g incidence of cracked and soft shelled eggs Female Adult 4-8/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of ingested petroleum on the plasma prolactin levels during incubation and on the breeding success of paired mallard ducks

Author(s)
Cavanaugh, K.P., A.R. Goldsmith, W.N. Holmes and B.K. Follett
Pages
335-341
Year
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CRUDE OILS decrease plasma prolactin levels during oviposition, early incubation and post-natal care Female Adult 5-12/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 10 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Behavior of mallard ducklings from parents fed 3 ppm DDE

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
640-645
Year
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect behavior of offspring; latency in response to approach a maternal call and distance travelled from a frightening stimulus Female Adult 4 adults/dose; 141-175 offspring/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 10 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Subacute dietary toxicities of dicrotophos and dieldrin in time-replicated trials with young ring-necked pheasants and mallards

Author(s)
Hill, E.F.
Pages
105-120
Publisher
American Society for Testing and Materials
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIELDRIN 200.7 (coeff. of variation 22.3%) 5 day dietary LC50 Not Reported Juvenile 8-10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 5 days Laboratory
Citation:

Bioconcentration of organophosphorus pesticides to hazardous levels by amphibians

Author(s)
Hall, Russell J. and Elizabeth Kolbe
Pages
853-860
Year
Issue
4
Volume
6
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PARATHION 9% @ 1 mg/L brain acetylcholinesterase activity compared with controls Not Reported Juvenile 6/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 2 weeks old Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of asulam in wildlife species: Acute toxicity to birds and fish

Author(s)
Ingham, Brian and Michael A. Gallo
Pages
194-199
Year
Issue
2
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDT (4,4'-) decreased @ all doses body weight gain by 8 days compared with controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 7 d Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of malathion, diazinon, and parathion on mallard embryo development and cholinesterase activity

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and William C. Eastin, Jr.
Pages
472-485
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIAZINON 74 (day 3), 79 (day 8) lb/acre LC50 LC50, exposed on day 3 or 8 of incubation Not Reported Embryo 30/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 3 or 8 of incubation Laboratory
Citation:

Recovery of cholinesterase activity in mallard ducklings administered organophosphorus pesticides

Author(s)
Fleming, W. James and Steven P. Bradbury
Pages
885-897
Year
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PARATHION 4/36 mortality incidence by 20 hrs post-dose Not Reported Juvenile 36/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
Citation:

Subchronic organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity in mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Louis Sileo and Helen C. Murray
Pages
128-136
Year
Volume
75
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEPTOPHOS decreased @ all doses activity of brain and plasma cholinesterase, and brain neurotoxic esterase compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Some effects of DDE and PCB on mallards and their eggs

Author(s)
Risebrough, Robert W. and Daniel W. Anderson
Pages
508-513
Year
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1254, DDE (4,4'-) no effect food consumption rate (181 g/d) compared to control (173 g/d) Female Adult 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

South Louisiana crude oil or DDE in the diet of mallard hens: effects on egg quality

Author(s)
Vangilder, Larry D. and Tony J. Peterle
Pages
328-336
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect egg weight, length or breadth, compared to control Female Adult 21-25/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of lead shot ingestion on selected cells of the mallard immune system

Author(s)
Rocke, Tonie E. and Michael D. Samuel
Pages
1-9
Year
Issue
1
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Lab
LEAD (elemental) decreased @ 2 #four shot spleen plaque forming cell counts, % packed cell volume versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 16 (2 #four shot)
63 (field exposure) 		Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Sacramento Laboratory
Citation:

Neurotoxic and teratogenic effects of an organophosphorus insecticide (phenyl phosphorothioic acid-o-ethyl-o-[4-nitrophenyl] ester) on mallard development

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and Louis Sileo
Pages
284-294
Year
Volume
73
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
EPN decreased @ 36 (cholineserase only), 108 ug/g plasma alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, cholinesterase activities, and uric acid Not Reported Embryo 12/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 72 hr of incubation (time of treatment) Laboratory
Citation:

Lead in tissues of mallard ducks dosed with two types of lead shot

Author(s)
Finley, Mack T., Michael P. Dieter and Louis N. Locke
Pages
261-269
Year
Issue
3
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD (elemental) lead only: 3.53 (+/- 1.43); lead-iron: 1.42 (+/- 0.65) ppm, wet wt lead concentration in kidneys (mean +/- SE) Female Adult control=2 F, 4 M; treatment=6 M-F pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 mos Laboratory
Citation:

Sublethal effects of chronic lead ingestion in mallard ducks

Author(s)
Finley, Mack T., Michael P. Dieter and Louis N. Locke
Pages
929-937
Year
Volume
1
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD NITRATE decreased @ 25 ppm/3 wks, 5 ppm/12 wks delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in blood versus controls Male Adult 20/dose; 5/dose x time group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dietary mercury and lead on eggshell thickness in mallards

Author(s)
Haegele, Max A., Richard K. Tucker and R.H. Hudson
Pages
5-11
Year
Issue
1
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 78.2 (carcass); 61.6 (egg); 4.1 (brain) ppm, wet wt DDE residues in whole carcass, egg contents, and brain Female Adult 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Histopathologic efffects of dietary cadmium on kidneys and testes of mallard ducks

Author(s)
White, Donald H., Mack T. Finley and John F. Ferrell
Pages
551-558
Year
Volume
4
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CADMIUM CHLORIDE 0.03 (@ 0 ppm), 0.02 (@ 2 ppm), 0.72 (@ 20 ppm) 8.47 (@ 200 ppm) ppm, wet wt mean Cd concentrations in testes (ppm, wet wt) by 90 days Male Adult 5 birds Toxicity Factor Datasets first year Laboratory
Citation:

Acid precipitation and food quality: inhibition of growth and survival in black ducks and mallards by dietary aluminum, calcium, and phosphorus

Author(s)
Sparling, Donald W.
Pages
281-288
Year
Volume
21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
ALUMINUM SULFATE increased to 61% @ 1000 (LL), 100% @ 5000 (LL) mortality versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 12-14/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
Download CSV
Subscribe to Birds

Comment

Please let us know if the information on this page is helpful for you. Enter your comment and leave your email address if you would like to receive a response. Thank you!
OEHHA is subject to the California Public Records Act and other laws that require the release of certain information upon request. If you provide comments, please be aware that your name, address and e-mail may be available to third parties. In addition, all public comments will be posted on our web site upon the close of the comment period.
OEHHA California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment