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Birds, Terrestrial birds, Passeriformes, American Robin (Turdus migratorius)

Citation:

Organochlorines and reproductive success of birds in orchard and non-orchard areas of central British Columbia, Canada, 1990–91.

Author(s)
Elliott, J.E., Martin, P.A., Arnold, T.W. and Sinclair, P.H.
Issue
4
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
ORGANOCHLORINES Conventional orchard: 0.87; organic: 0.91 Fledging success B Embryo Conventional: 18; organic: 5 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DDT (4,4'-) Naramata: 26.3; Cawston: 10.6; Vaseaux: 0.08 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DDE (4,4'-) Naramata: 103; Cawston: 67.7; Vaseaux: 1.53 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DDD (4,4'-) Naramata: 2.96; Cawston: 1.87; Vaseaux: 0.001 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
MIREX Naramata: 0.003; Cawston: 0.003; Vaseaux: 0.003 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Naramata: <0.0012; Cawston: <0.0012; Vaseaux: <0.0012 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Naramata: <0.0014; Cawston: <0.0014; Vaseaux: <0.0014 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
TRANS-NONACHLOR Naramata: 0.039; Cawston: 0.035; Vaseaux: 0.003 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
OXYCHLORDANE Naramata: 0.016; Cawston: 0.016; Vaseaux: <0.0006 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE Naramata: 0.010; Cawston: 0.007; Vaseaux: <0.0008 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Toxic exposure of songbirds to lead in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District.

Author(s)
Beyer, W.N., Franson, J.C., French, J.B., May, T., Rattner, B.A., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Warner, S.E., Weber, J. and Mosby, D.
Issue
3
Volume
65
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
CADMIUM (elemental) Mining district: 0.028; reference: 0.0037 mg/kg dw Blood concentration NR Not Reported Mining district: 6; reference: 7 Mining: southeast MO Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) Mining district: 19.9; reference: 4.03 mg/kg dw Liver concentration NR Not Reported Mining district: 6; reference: 7 Mining: southeast MO Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) Mining district: 52.8; reference: 28.4 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration NR Not Reported Mining district: 6; reference: 7 Mining: southeast MO Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 7.36; reference: 1.42 mg/kg dw Blood concentration NR Not Reported Mining district: 6; reference: 7 Mining: southeast MO Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 33.6; reference: 3.41 mg/kg dw Liver concentration NR Not Reported Mining district: 6; reference: 7 Mining: southeast MO Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 453; reference: 20.1 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration NR Not Reported Mining district: 6; reference: 7 Mining: southeast MO Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Impact of insecticides on the American robin (Turdus migratorius) in a suburban environment.

Author(s)
Décarie, R., DesGranges, J.L., Lépine, C. and Morneau, F.
Issue
3
Volume
80
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
ACEPHATE Treated: 23.0; control: 38.4 Total minutes sitting on nestlings NR Adult 56 Laval, Quebec Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DIAZINON Treated: 993; control: 585 U/L Plasma cholinesterase activity F Adult Treated: 6; control: 6 Laval, Quebec Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DIAZINON Treated: 28.7; control: 27.6 U/g Brain cholinesterase activity F Adult Treated: 5; control: 6 Laval, Quebec Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
ACEPHATE Treated: 795; control: 585 U/L Plasma cholinesterase activity F Adult Treated: 3; control: 6 Laval, Quebec Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
ACEPHATE Treated: 26.3; control: 27.6 U/g Brain cholinesterase activity F Adult Treated: 3; control: 6 Laval, Quebec Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DIAZINON Treated: 2.3; control: 3.1 Mean productivity total nests Treated: 11; control: 57 Laval, Quebec Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DIAZINON Treated: NR (first clutch) and 2.0 (second); control: 3.2 (first) and 2.6 (second) Mean productivity by clutch order Treated: NR (first clutch) and 8 (second); control: 46 (first) and 11 (second) Laval, Quebec Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
ACEPHATE Treated: 3.6; control: 3.1 Mean productivity total nests Treated: 20; control: 57 Laval, Quebec Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Effects of azinphos-methyl on American robins breeding in fruit orchards.

Author(s)
Gill, H., Wilson, L.K., Cheng, K.M., Trudeau, S. and Elliott, J.E.
Issue
6
Volume
65
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
AZINPHOS-METHYL (GUTHION) See Figure 2 Plasma cholinesterase activity NR Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
AZINPHOS-METHYL (GUTHION) See Figure 2 Brain cholinesterase activity NR Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
AZINPHOS-METHYL (GUTHION) Sprayed: 3.42; control: 3.15 eggs/clutch Clutch size B Embryo Sprayed: 38; control: 13 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
AZINPHOS-METHYL (GUTHION) Sprayed: 90; 87.9 % Hatching rate B Embryo Sprayed: 38; control: 13 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Zinc and lead poisoning in wild birds in the Tri-State Mining District (Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri).

Author(s)
Beyer, W.N., Dalgarn, J., Dudding, S., French, J.B., Mateo, R., Miesner, J., Sileo, L. and Spann, J.
Issue
1
Volume
48
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS Mining district: 5.3; reference: 6.6 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
NICKEL (elemental) Mining district: 2.3; reference: 0.62 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
SELENIUM (elemental) Mining district: 1.9; reference: 3.4 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
STRONTIUM Mining district: <0.05; reference: 0.18 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
VANADIUM (elemental) Mining district: 0.36; reference: 0.27 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ZINC (elemental) Mining district: 92; reference: 120 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Mining district: 10; reference: 6 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ZINC (elemental) Mining district: 110; reference: 88 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration Mining district: 10; reference: 6 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ZINC (elemental) Mining district: 21; reference: 22 mg/kg dw Blood concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 12 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ARSENIC (elemental) Mining district: <0.25; reference: <0.25 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 34 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CHROMIUM (elemental) Mining district: <0.05; reference: <0.05 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 2.2 mg/kg dw Blood concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
COPPER (elemental) Mining district: 17; reference: 17 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 25 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
IRON (elemental) Mining district: 2300; reference: 2900 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 45 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS Mining district: 670; reference: 820 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Not reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 2.7 mg/kg dw Blood concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 65; reference sites: 188 Pb-sensitive enzyme activity ALAD NR Mining district: 6; reference sites: 4 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 9.3; reference: 5.1 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Mining district: 10; reference: 6 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 20; reference: 8.9 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration Mining district: 10; reference: 6 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 1.7; reference: 0.86 mg/kg dw Blood concentration Mining district: 6; reference sites: 4 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) Mining district: 5.9; reference: 1.3 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Mining district: 10; reference: 6 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) Mining district: 21; reference: 3.0 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration Mining district: 10; reference: 6 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) Mining district: <0.1; reference: 0.18 mg/kg dw Blood concentration Mining district: 6; reference sites: 4 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Recovery of an American Robin Turdue-Migratorius population after earlier DDT use.

Author(s)
Beaver, D.L.
Issue
3
Volume
51
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDT (4,4'-) No effect Clutch size See citation See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA

American Robin (Turdus migratorius)

Citation:

Seasonal reproductive changes in the American Robin (Turdus migratorius L.) of the Pacific Northwest.

Author(s)
Kemper, D.L. and Taylor, J.M.
Issue
2
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Survival/ Mortality 1.2 Nestling to fledgling mortality % Fledgling 27 clutches University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Clutch or Litter Size 3.25 Eggs per nest Eggs/nest Embryo 8 clutches University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.71
Survival/ Mortality 100 Nestling to fledgling mortality % Fledgling 8 clutches University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Clutch or Litter Size 3.04 Eggs per nest Eggs/nest B Embryo 27 clutches University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.59
Hatching Success 2.67 Eggs hatched per nest Eggs hatched/nest Embryo 27 clutches University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 1.12
Hatching Success 2.63 Offspring fledged per nest Fledges/nest Fledgling 27 clutches University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 1.13
Fledging or Weaning Rate 86.6 Egg-to-fledgling success rate % Fledgling 27 clutches University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Which egg features predict egg rejection responses in American robins? Replicating Rothstein's (1982) study.

Author(s)
Luro, A.B., Igic, B., Croston, R., López, A.V., Shawkey, M.D. and Hauber, M.E.
Issue
3
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body length 31x21 Egg dimensions mm B Embryo Not reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean Egg weight g B Embryo Not reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Selenium levels in bird eggs and effects on avian reproduction.

Author(s)
Ratti, J.T., Moser, A.M., Garton, E.O. and Miller, R.
Issue
2
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Survival/ Mortality 0.9433 Daily survival rate B Embryo 119 Soda Springs Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.006012
Citation:

Simulated behavioral energetics of nonbreeding American robins: the influence of foraging time, intake rate and flying time on weight dynamics.

Author(s)
Marcum, H.A., Grant, W.E. and Chavez-Ramirez, F.
Issue
2
Volume
106
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Location Type Condition
Dietary Composition Celtus occidentalis, Cornus sp., Crataegus monogyna, Lindera benzoin, Lonicara x bella, Menispernum canadense, Morus alba, Phytolacca americana, Polygonatum commentatum, Prunus serotina, Smilacina racemosa, Smilax hispida, Smilax lasioneura, Viburnum dentatum, Vitus sp., mixed fruit Feeding parameters taken from literature Exposure Factor Datasets Non-breeding
Metabolic Rate Review see Table 3 Basal metabolic rate Exposure Factor Datasets Non-breeding
Citation:

Synergistic effects of spring temperatures and land cover on nest survival of urban birds.

Author(s)
Becker, M.E. and Weisberg, P.J.
Issue
1
Volume
117
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Survival/ Mortality 0.973 Daily mean nest survival Nestling 159 nests Sparks and Reno Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.013
Survival/ Mortality 44 Percent survival % Nestling 159 nests Sparks and Reno Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Survival/ Mortality 12% increase for every +1 degree C Increase in survival due to temperature % Nestling 159 nests Sparks and Reno Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

The phenology of the nesting season of the American Robin (Turdus migratorius) in the United States.

Author(s)
James, F.C. and Shugart, H.H.
Issue
2
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries
Time of Nesting Begin date for period containing 90% of nests with young Date See Table 1 Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Time of Nesting End date for period containing 90% of nests with young Date See Table 1 Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Citation:

Seasonal fruit preferences for lipids and sugars by American Robins.

Author(s)
Lepczyk, C.A., Murray, K.G., Winnett-Murray, K., Bartell, P., Geyer, E. and Work, T.
Issue
3
Volume
117
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Preferred red over purple fruits Average fruit preferences B Not Reported 8 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition No fruit color preference Average fruit preferences B Not Reported 8 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition Preferred sugar-rich over lipid-rich fruits Average fruit preferences B Not Reported 8 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Use of cover crop fields by migratory and resident birds.

Author(s)
Wilcoxen, C.A., Walk, J.W. and Ward, M.P.
Volume
252
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Population Density See Figure 1 Relative abundance by crop field type Birds/100 m B Both Adults and Juveniles See citation East-central Illinois Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Variation in Nesting Success of the American Robin, Turdus migratorius.

Author(s)
Yen, C.F., Klaas, E.E. and Kam, Y.C.
Issue
3
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Survival/ Mortality Incubation (13 d): 0.9535; nestling (12 d): 0.9791; total (25 d): 0.9655 Daily survival rate B Incubation: 87; nestling: 66; total: 87 Iowa State University Exposure Factor Datasets USA Incubation (13 d): 0.0097; nestling (12 d): 0.0057; total (25 d): 0.0050
Building: Incubation (13 d): 0.8697; nestling (12 d): 0.9221; Trees/shrubs: Incubation (13 d): 0.9536; nestling (12 d): 0.9827 Daily survival rate B Building: Incubation: 18; nestling: 4; Tree/shrubs: Incubation: 69; nestling: 62 Iowa State University Exposure Factor Datasets USA Building: Incubation (13 d): 0.0329; nestling (12 d): 0.0432; Trees/shrubs: Incubation (13 d): 0.0085; nestling (12 d): 0.0054
Early nests: Incubation (13 d): 0.9573; nestling (12 d): 0.9688; Late nests: Incubation (13 d): 0.9815; nestling (12 d): 0.9863 Daily survival rate B Early nests: Incubation: 33; nestling: 25; Late nests: Incubation: 36; nestling: 36 Iowa State University Exposure Factor Datasets USA Early nests: Incubation (13 d): 0.0112; nestling (12 d): 0.0116; Late nests: Incubation (13 d): 0.0082; nestling (12 d): 0.0061
Citation:

Reproduction of American robin (Turdus migratorius) in a suburban environment.

Author(s)
Morneau, F., Lépine, C., Décarie, R., Villard, M.A. and DesGranges, J.L.
Issue
1
Volume
32
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries Error
Hatching Success 90 Breeding success % 113 Montreal Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Survival/ Mortality 2.9 Nestling survival to day 11 Nestling/clutch B Embryo Montreal Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 1.3
Survival/ Mortality 75 Nestling survival 29 d (Mayfield method) % Montreal Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Survival/ Mortality Clutch 1: 71; clutch 2: 75 Survival from laying to fledging % Montreal Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Time of Nesting See Figure 1 41 nests Montreal Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding CANADA
Clutch or Litter Size 3.6 Eggs/nest B Embryo 34 Montreal Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.7
Citation:

Recovery of an American Robin Turdue-Migratorius population after earlier DDT use.

Author(s)
Beaver, D.L.
Issue
3
Volume
51
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries Error
Population Density See Figure 1 B Adult Michigan State University, north campus Exposure Factor Datasets Prenesting and nesting USA
Clutch or Litter Size 3.4 Eggs/nest B Embryo 60 Ithaca Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.07
Clutch or Litter Size 3.6 Eggs/nest B Embryo 67 Ithaca Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.08
Clutch or Litter Size 3.5 Eggs/nest B Embryo 30 Madison Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.1
Clutch or Litter Size 3.6 Eggs/nest B Embryo 70 Madison Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.07
Clutch or Litter Size 3.3 Eggs/nest B Embryo 46 Madison Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.09
Clutch or Litter Size 3.4 Eggs/nest B Embryo 42 Pittsburgh Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.11
Clutch or Litter Size 3.5 Eggs/nest B Embryo 13 East Lansing Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.18
Clutch or Litter Size 2.8 Eggs/nest B Embryo 13 Michigan State University, north campus Exposure Factor Datasets USA 2.6
Clutch or Litter Size 3.2 Eggs/nest B Embryo 14 Michigan State University, north campus Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.19
Citation:

Reproductive biology of American Robins in northern Maine.

Author(s)
Knupp, D.M., Owen Jr, R.B. and Dimond, J.B.
Issue
1
Volume
94
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Time of Mating/ Laying Peak: May 21-25 Time of laying Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Clutch or Litter Size 3.2 Eggs per nest 38 nests Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Survival/ Mortality Deciduous: 2.9; coniferous: 6.7 Daily egg survival % Embryo Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Survival/ Mortality Deciduous: 4.2; coniferous: 1.3 Daily young survival % Nestling Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Fledging or Weaning Rate 2.5 Average young fledged/nest Young fledged/nest Fledgling Exposure Factor Datasets USA
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