Falconiformes

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American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Fat content of American kestrels and sharp-shinned hawks estimated by total body electrical conductivity

Author(s)
Harden, Shari M.
Pages
42
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Fat (total or %) 2.46 total body fat based on Soxhlet fat extraction g Both Male and Female Adult 21 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.25 SE Laboratory
Citation:

The hunting behavior of American kestrels: Applications of foraging theory

Author(s)
Rudolph, Seri Gale
Pages
64
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Dietary Composition mammal (24%), insect (74%), other (2%) percent composition of sample pellets (by volume) Both Male and Female Adult 104 pellets agricultural lands Exposure Factor Datasets Yolo breeding
Dietary Composition mammal (82%), insect (16%), other (2%) percent composition of sample pellets (by volume) Both Male and Female Adult 116 pellets agricultural lands Exposure Factor Datasets Yolo
Citation:

Impacts of a nuclear energy facility on raptorial birds

Author(s)
Fitzner, R.E.
Pages
9-33
Publisher
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Fledging or Weaning Rate 4.0 average number of young fledged fledges/nest Not Reported Fledgling 4 nests Hanford Site, Benton and Franklin Counties Exposure Factor Datasets 0.41
Population Density 10 number of nesting pairs counted annually on study site pairs/1476 sq km Both Male and Female Adult 4 years Hanford Site, Benton and Franklin Counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 20 number of individual kestrels counted annually on study site individuals/1476 sq km Both Male and Female Adult 4 years Hanford Site, Benton and Franklin Counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Hawks, Owls and Wildlife

Author(s)
Craighead, John J. and Frank C. Craighead, Jr.
Pages
443
Publisher
Dover Publications, Inc.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Dietary Composition white-footed mice (6.0%), meadow mice (78.9%), shrews (1.3%), pocket gopher (1.0%), uinta ground squirrel (0.3%), sm-med sized birds (5.7%), insects (59.9%) percent occurrence of prey items in pellets during nesting % Not Reported Not Reported 299 pellets from 8 nests Jackson Hole Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate averages of food amounts eaten per day g Both Male and Female Not Reported 3 birds Exposure Factor Datasets captive Laboratory
Population Density 1 density of nesting pairs pair/1.1 mi^2 Both Male and Female Adult 10 nests Jackson Hole Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Behavior and ecology of the American Kestrel in the Sierra Nevada of California

Author(s)
Balgooyen, Thomas G.
Year
Volume
103
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Home Range 109.4 average home range - breeding ha Both Male and Female Adult 32 Sagehen Creek Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Nevada, Sierra
Time of Mating/ Laying late May - June entire laying period Female Adult Not Reported Sagehen Creek Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Nevada, Sierra
Time of Molt May - September Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Sagehen Creek Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Nevada, Sierra
Fledging or Weaning Rate 98 of chicks that hatched % Both Male and Female Fledgling 150 Sagehen Creek Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Nevada, Sierra
Growth Rate y = 8.89 + 7.33x growth rate from day 3-16 Male Nestling Not Reported Sagehen Creek Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Nevada, Sierra
Growth Rate y = 7.77 + 7.44x growth rate from day 3-16 Female Nestling Not Reported Sagehen Creek Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Nevada, Sierra
Hatching Success 89.3 % Both Male and Female Hatchling 168 Sagehen Creek Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Nevada, Sierra
Dietary Composition insects (31.7%), reptiles (26.0%), birds (16.6%), mammals (25.7%) percent of prey by prey weight Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Sagehen Creek Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Nevada, Sierra breeding
Citation:

Reproductive patterns in captive American kestrels (sparrow hawks)

Author(s)
Porter, Richard D. and Stanley N. Wiemeyer
Pages
46-53
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 28.4 mean nestling period d Both Male and Female Fledgling 29 chicks Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Diet, capture success, and mode of hunting by female American kestrels in winter

Author(s)
Collopy, Michael W. and James R. Koplin
Pages
369-371
Year
Volume
85
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition invertebrates (10.5%), herpetofauna (2.4%), mammals (79.1%), birds (8.0%) dietary composition (% of total biomass), 1972-1973 Female Not Reported 4 Arcata Bottoms Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt
Dietary Composition invertebrates (39.3%), herpetofauna (37.9%), mammals (22.8%) dietary composition (% of total biomass), 1973-1974 Female Not Reported 3 Arcata Bottoms Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt
Citation:

Food habits and abundance of raptors in an agricultural area of Tulare County, California

Author(s)
Hawkins, Cole Carlson
Pages
102
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition insects (97%), isopod (5%), birds (27%), mammals (25%) percent occurrence in sample pellets Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported agricultural lands Exposure Factor Datasets Tulare
Citation:

Notes on the American sparrow hawk

Author(s)
Roest, A.I.
Pages
1-19
Year
Issue
1
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean 102.5 g Male Adult 88 throughout USA Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Body Weight - Mean 119.0 g Female Adult 72 throughout USA Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Time of Molt July-October/November period of molt Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported throughout USA Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Survival/ Mortality 57 average annual mortality of banded individuals (over 6 years) % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported throughout USA Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Clutch sizes, hatchability rates, and sex ratios of sparrow hawks in eastern Pennsylvania

Author(s)
Heintzelman, Donald S. and Alexander C. Nagy
Pages
306-311
Year
Issue
3
Volume
80
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 30.9 incubation period d Both Male and Female Embryo 2 clutches (8 eggs) Berks county Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 78 hatching success % Both Male and Female Hatchling 55 eggs (14 clutches) Berks county Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 4.23 eggs Female Adult 13 clutches Berks county Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The effect of vegetative cover on foraging strategies, hunting success and nesting distribution of American kestrels in central Missouri

Author(s)
Toland, Brian R.
Pages
14-20
Year
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Population Density 48 individuals in 175 km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 1 study area agricultural lands, woodlots, meadows Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 50 individuals in 175 km2 Both Male and Female Adult 1 study area agricultural lands, woodlots, meadows Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding
Citation:

Effects of macrohabitat and microhabitat on nest-box use and nesting success of American kestrels

Author(s)
Rohrbaugh, Ronald W., Jr., and Richard H. Yahner
Pages
410-423
Year
Issue
3
Volume
109
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Fledging or Weaning Rate 49% mean percent of successful nests per year % Both Male and Female Adult 259 nesting attempts Berks and Lehigh counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Raptor movements in California

Author(s)
Bloom, Peter H.
Pages
313-323
Publisher
Hawk Migration Association of North America
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal August (begin) period of fall migration of individuals fledged in northern CA, or at high elevations Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported throughout state Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal February (peak) period of spring migration of individuals fledged in northern CA, or at high elevations Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported throughout state Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Growth of body components in parent- and hand-reared captive kestrels

Author(s)
Bird, David M. and Robert G. Clark
Pages
77-84
Year
Issue
3
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Growth Rate 0.250 growth rate of body weight in parent-reared birds Male Nestling 11 birds Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Growth Rate 0.239 growth rate of body weight in parent-reared birds Female Nestling 8 birds Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 113.4 average body weight g Male Adult 25 birds Exposure Factor Datasets 2.0 SE Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 120.2 average body weight g Female Adult 26 birds Exposure Factor Datasets 5.3 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Use of free ranging American kestrels and nest boxes for contaminant risk assessment sampling: a field application

Author(s)
Craft, Randall A. and Karen P. Craft
Pages
207-212
Year
Issue
4
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 4.4 mean clutch size (4 sample years) eggs/clutch Female Adult 7-23 nests/year Lucas and Wayne Counties (40deg57'N, 93deg18'W) Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 89% mean percent of young hatched that fledged (4 sample years) % Not Reported Juvenile 148 hatchlings Lucas and Wayne Counties (40deg57'N, 93deg18'W) Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 68% mean percent of eggs hatched of total eggs laid (4 sample years) % Not Reported Juvenile 217 eggs Lucas and Wayne Counties (40deg57'N, 93deg18'W) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Influence of nest-box placement and density on abundance and productivity of American kestrels in central Missouri

Author(s)
Toland, Brian R. and William H. Elder
Pages
712-717
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Fledging or Weaning Rate 5.0 three year mean fledging rate number of fledglings per nest Both Male and Female Fledgling 28 pairs rural and urban lands Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding
Clutch or Litter Size 5.1 mean clutch size over 3 years eggs per nest Female Adult 28 pairs rural and urban lands Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding
Population Density 0.06 mean pair density in study area (194 km2) pairs per km2 Both Male and Female Adult 5 years rural and urban lands Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding
Population Density 0.22 mean density in study area individuals per km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 5 years rural and urban lands Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Predatory efficiency of American kestrels wintering in northwestern California

Author(s)
Collopy, Michael W.
Pages
25-31
Year
Issue
2
Volume
7
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition invertebrates (85.4%), vertebrates (14.6%) relative numbers of dietary items captured Not Reported Not Reported 24 birds Arcata Bottoms; pasture Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt
Citation:

An analysis of the population dynamics of selected avian species with special reference to changes during the modern pesticide era

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J.
Pages
23-28
Publisher
United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Wildlife Research Report No. 1
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.59 eggs/clutch Female Adult 244 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.60 SD
Survival/ Mortality 0.602 mortality rate estimate for banded individuals Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 118 throughout USA and Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 0.035 SD
Survival/ Mortality 0.465 mortality rate of banded individuals, 1946-65 Both Male and Female Adult 6,544 throughout USA and Canada Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, USA 0.017 SD
Citation:

Prey selection and caloric ingestion rate of captive American kestrels

Author(s)
Barrett, Gary W. and Mackey, Carl V.
Pages
514-519
Year
Issue
4
Volume
87
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 0.42 mean caloric consumption per g body weight per day (wet weight basis) kcal/g/day Male Adult 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Factors influencing respiratory rates in four species of raptors

Author(s)
Daniels, Kathleen and G.E. Duke
Pages
703-706
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error Lab
Inhalation Rate 35.4 mean resting respiratory rate #/min Not Reported Adult 4 Exposure Factor Datasets crippled, non-releasable 3.21 SD Laboratory
Citation:

American kestrel reproduction and dispersal in central Wisconsin

Author(s)
Jacobs, Eugene A.
Pages
135-137
Year
Issue
2
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 4.1 mean brood size (13 sample years) young/nest Not Reported Juvenile 37 successful nests Portage County (44deg27'N, 89deg40'W) Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 88% percent of nests that fledged at least one young % Not Reported Juvenile 42 nests Portage County (44deg27'N, 89deg40'W) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Fall migration of diurnal raptors at Pt. Diablo, California

Author(s)
Binford, Laurence C.
Pages
1-16
Year
Issue
1
Volume
10
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Migration or Dispersal August (begin), October (peak), November (end) time period of fall migration Both Male and Female Not Reported 276 Pt. Diablo, Marin Headlands Exposure Factor Datasets Marin
Citation:

A population study of the sparrow hawk in east-central Illinois

Author(s)
Enderson, James Harris
Pages
222-231
Year
Issue
3
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 4 wintering population size individuals/43 sq mi Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported agricultural lands Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 0.58 breeding population density birds/mi2 Not Reported Not Reported 25 birds agricultural lands Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 1.5 mean maximum diameter of winter home ranges mi Not Reported Not Reported 3 birds agricultural lands Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food consumption of a sparrow hawk

Author(s)
Wing, Leonard and Anne H. Wing
Pages
168-170
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 43.6 average and range of daily caloric intake (food provided ad libidum) cal/d Male Adult 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets sedentary, injured Laboratory
Citation:

Seasonal variation in body weight of sparrow hawks in California

Author(s)
Bloom, Peter H.
Pages
17-19
Year
Issue
2
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 110.7 mean body weight measured over 4 years g Male Both Adults and Juveniles 69 coastal southern CA Exposure Factor Datasets 1.1 SE
Body Weight - Mean 119.8 mean body weight measured over 4 years g Female Both Adults and Juveniles 111 coastal southern CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0.9 SE
Citation:

The incidence of man-caused and natural mortalities to raptors

Author(s)
Keran, Doug
Pages
108-112
Year
Issue
4
Volume
15
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Longevity 118 longest survival of a banded individual mo Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 1,017 records of mortality Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Survival/ Mortality 12.6 average length of survival of banded individuals mo Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 1,017 throughout USA Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

A study of factors affecting nesting raptor populations in urban ares, Sacramento County, California - 1974

Author(s)
Vincenty, Joseph A., III
Pages
1-21
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Wildlife Management Branch Administrative Report No. 74-5
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Fledging or Weaning Rate 2.2 fledging rate per successful nest fledglings per nest Both Male and Female Fledgling 17 American River; oak woodlands, grasslands, residential Exposure Factor Datasets Sacramento
Citation:

A study and implications of habitat separation by sex of wintering American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Meyer, Ruthe Lashe and Thomas G. Balgooyen
Pages
107-123
Year
Volume
6
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Territory Size 31.6 ha Female Adult 5 Hollister Basin (elev. 48-210 m) Exposure Factor Datasets San Benito, Santa Clara 10.7 SD
Citation:

Nest box use and reproductive biology of the American kestrel in Lassen County, California

Author(s)
Bloom, Peter H. and Stephen J. Hawks
Pages
9-14
Year
Issue
1
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Hatching Success 79 mean hatchability measured over 4 years % Both Male and Female Hatchling 157 boxes Great Basin (elev. 1260-2340 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Lassen

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

Citation:

Peregrines and pesticides in Alaska

Author(s)
Cade, Tom J., Clayton M. White, and John R. Haugh
Pages
170-178
Year
Issue
2
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Population Density 17 pairs/172 miles of river Both Male and Female Adult 17 pairs Yukon River Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Clutch or Litter Size 3.09 average number of eggs or downy chicks per pair eggs or downy chicks/nest Both Male and Female Adult 11 pairs Yukon River Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Fledging or Weaning Rate 1.80 average number of fledged or nearly fledged young per occupied cliff fledglings/nest Both Male and Female Adult 12 pairs Yukon River Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Dietary Composition waterfowl (50%), shorebirds (10-12%), small gulls (10-15%), small land birds (20%), small mammals (2-3%) dietary contribution of groups of species, by weight, based on collection of remains at nests Both Male and Female Adult, Chick 329 prey items Yukon River Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Citation:

The peregrine falcon: life history and population literature

Author(s)
Hickey, Joseph J. and Daniel W. Anderson
Pages
3-42
Publisher
University of Wisconsin Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Population ecology of peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus in Baden-Wuerttemberg, 1965-1991

Author(s)
Wegner, Peter
Pages
p.211-218
Publisher
Pica Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Survival/ Mortality brood survival; increase to 60% in 1991, due to protective measures % Not Reported Fledgling Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets GERMANY
Citation:

American Peregrine Falcon

Author(s)
Aldrich, John A.
Pages
1-14
Publisher
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition review Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Duration of Incubation or Gestation review Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Fledging or Weaning Rate review Both Male and Female Fledgling Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Time of Mating/ Laying review Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Age at Sexual Maturity review Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Distribution and reproductive success of peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus anatum) in California during 1975 and 1976

Author(s)
Thelander, Carl G.
Pages
13
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Wildlife Management Branch Administrative Report
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size range for two sites over two yrs eggs/nest Female Adult 4 Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate range over 2 yrs young/pair Both Male and Female Fledgling 7 - 9 pairs Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Reproductive success of peregrine falcons and other raptors at Wager Bay and Melville Peninsula Northwest Territories

Author(s)
Calef, George W. and Douglas C. Heard
Pages
662-674
Year
Volume
96
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Fledging or Weaning Rate range over 2 yrs young/successful nest Both Male and Female Adult 11 - 18 nests Wager Bay, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Population turnover in Colorado peregrines

Author(s)
Enderson, James H. and Gerald R. Craig
Pages
8
Publisher
Raptor Research Foundation
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality 16 average maximum loss rate; estimated by number of individuals returning to nest in 2 successive yrs % Both Male and Female Adult 23 - 34 cases Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Distribution and breeding biology of raptors in the Thelon River area, Northwest Territories, 1957-1969

Author(s)
Kuyt, E.
Pages
121-130
Year
Volume
94
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean 41.7 mean egg weight g Not Reported Embryo 13 Thelon River, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Clutch or Litter Size 3.3 mean clutch size eggs/clutch Female Adult 29 Thelon River, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Time of Mating/ Laying May - June time of laying Female Adult 19 Thelon River, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

The peregrine population of western North America

Author(s)
Bond, Richard M.
Pages
101-116
Year
Issue
3
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Clutch or Litter Size 3.70 average clutch size eggs/clutch Female Adult 77 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, MEXICO, USA
Citation:

Status and reproduction of the peregrine falcon at a coastal lagoon in Baja California Sur, Mexico

Author(s)
Castellanos, Aradit, Federico Salinas-Zavala and Alfredo Ortega-Rubio
Pages
110-112
Year
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Time of Nesting Mar. - June time when eggs were laid to time when all young abandoned nests Female Adult 3 breeding pairs Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Time of Mating/ Laying Feb. - Mar. time of laying Female Adult 3 breeding pairs Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Time of Hatching or Parturition Mar. - Apr. Both Male and Female Hatchling 3 breeding pairs Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis May - June Both Male and Female Hatchling 3 breeding pairs Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Clutch or Litter Size 3.3 average clutch size eggs/nest Female Adult 3 breeding pairs Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Citation:

Density of nesting peregrine falcons in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

Author(s)
Brown, Bryan T., G. Scott Mills, Richard L. Glinski, and Stephen W. Hoffman
Pages
188-193
Year
Issue
2
Volume
37
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Population Density range of mean distances (SE) between adjacent nests km Both Male and Female Adult 3 sites, 9-26 nests per site Grand Canyon National Park Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Citation:

Population dispersal, turnover, and migration of Alaska peregrines

Author(s)
Ambrose, Robert E., and Kenton E. Riddle
Pages
677-684
Publisher
The Peregrine Fund, Inc.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality range of annual mortality rates over 3 years, corrected for known movements % Female Adult 7-11 recaptured birds/yr Colville, Sagavanirktok, Yukon, and Tanana Rivers Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity 2.8 (female); 2.6 (male) mean age when first captured as a breeding adult yr Both Male and Female Adult 20 females; 5 males Colville, Sagavanirktok, Yukon, and Tanana Rivers Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Do large natural brood increase mortality of parent peregrine falcons?

Author(s)
Nelson, R. Wayne
Pages
719-728
Publisher
Peregrine Fund
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Survival/ Mortality 43 percent of adults lost before next breeding season; adults produced brood sizes of 3-4 % Both Male and Female Adult 44 Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia (lat., 54^oN; long., 113^oW) Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Survival/ Mortality 23 percent of adults lost before next breeding season; adults produced brood sizes of 0-2 % Both Male and Female Adult 60 Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia (lat., 54^oN; long., 113^oW) Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of nestling weights at various ages g Both Male and Female Nestling Not Reported Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia (lat., 54^oN; long., 113^oW) Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Home range and habitat requirements of peregrine falcons on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa

Author(s)
Jenkins, Andrew R., and Grant A. Benn
Pages
90-97
Year
Issue
2
Volume
32
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Home Range 89.7-94.7 range of home range sizes square km Female Adult 2 Cape Peninsula Exposure Factor Datasets SOUTH AFRICA
Foraging Distance 9.2 maximum distance travelled from nest cliff km Female Adult 2 Cape Peninsula Exposure Factor Datasets SOUTH AFRICA
Foraging Distance 11.1-16.4 maximum distance travelled from nest cliff km Male Adult 2 Cape Peninsula Exposure Factor Datasets SOUTH AFRICA
Citation:

Todesursachen und Mortalitaetsraten beim Wanderfalken (Falco peregrinus) nach den Wiederfunden deutscher und finnischer Ringvoegel

Author(s)
Mebs, Theodor
Pages
98-105
Year
Volume
26
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries
Survival/ Mortality mortality rate in Germany and Finland of ringed birds % Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 209 birds Exposure Factor Datasets 1-14 years FINLAND, GERMANY
Survival/ Mortality mortality rate of ringed young birds % Not Reported Juvenile 134 birds Exposure Factor Datasets 0-1 year FINLAND, GERMANY
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