Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)

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Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)

Citation:

Reproductive biology of a grassland songbird community in northcentral Montana.

Author(s)
Jones, S.L., Dieni, J.S. and Gouse, P.J.
Issue
3
Volume
122
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Hatching Success 82 % hatched eggs/total laid % Embryo 119 Bowdoin National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Clutch or Litter Size 4.4 Number of eggs Embryo 119 Bowdoin National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.3
Hatching Success 0.4 Nest success % Embryo 119 Bowdoin National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density 2.6 Mean nests/40 ha 92 Bowdoin National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets USA 0.46
Time of Mating/ Laying 43255 Clutch initation date Adult Bowdoin National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Avian community structure along a mountain big sagebrush successional gradient.

Author(s)
Reinkensmeyer, D.P., Miller, R.F., Anthony, R.G. and Marr, V.E.
Issue
4
Volume
71
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries Error
Population Density Postburn grassland: 0.13, shurb-steppe: 0.04, mid-successional juniper: 0.04 Birds/ha/yr Birds/ha/yr Adult Deschutes and Lake Counties Exposure Factor Datasets USA Postburn grassland: 0.02, shurb-steppe: 0.02, mid-successional juniper: 0.01
Citation:

Avian and bat fatality rates at old-generation and repowered wind turbines in California.

Author(s)
Smallwood, K.S. and Karas, B.
Issue
7
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Location Type Countries Error
Survival/ Mortality 1998-2003: 1.964, 2005-2007: 3.817 Fatality rate due to wind turbines Deaths/megawatt/yr Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area Exposure Factor Datasets USA 1998-2003: 0.526, 2005-2007: 0.693
Survival/ Mortality Before repowering: 2.249, after repowering: 1.747, old generation turbines: 3.135 Fatality rate due to wind turbines Deaths/megawatt/yr Diablo Winds Energy Project Exposure Factor Datasets USA Before repowering: 0.945, after repowering: 0.597, old generation turbines:0.338
Citation:

Habitat preference and survival for western meadowlark (Sturnella Neglecta) fledglings in a contiguous prairie system.

Author(s)
Giovanni, M.D., Powell, L.A. and Schacht, W.H.
Issue
2
Volume
127
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Survival/ Mortality 0.981 Daily survival Adult 46 Nebraska Sandhills grasslands Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

A determination of the economic status of the western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta) in California

Author(s)
Bryant, Harold C.
Pages
377-510
Year
Issue
14
Volume
11
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Duration of Incubation or Gestation observed range of incubation periods d Not Reported Embryo Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis observed number of days chicks spent in nest d Not Reported Fledgling Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate 7 average increase in body weight g/d Not Reported Nestling 2 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 4.00 body weight of average adult oz Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 0.25 body weight of day-old nestling oz Not Reported Nestling 2 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition grain (30.8), weed seed (5.3), miscell. vegetable (0.6), Coleoptera (21.3), Orthoptera (20.3), Lepidoptera (12.2), Hemiptera (1.7), Hymenoptera (5.6), Diptera (0.1), Arachnida (0.2), miscell. insects (1.9) percent contribution to the diet by volume, based on stomach content analyses % Not Reported Not Reported ~2,000 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density birds/acre Not Reported Not Reported 23-67 birds counted Los Banos, Merced Exposure Factor Datasets Merced
Time of Nesting Mar-Aug length of nesting period Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutches or Litters per year 2 usual number of nesting attempts per year nests/yr Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 5 usual number of eggs laid eggs/clutch Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 3 estimated average brood size young/clutch Not Reported Juvenile Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Prey choice by three insectivorous grassland birds: Reevaluating opportunism

Author(s)
Kaspari, Michael and Anthony Joern
Pages
414-430
Year
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Acridid, adult Coleoptera, Tettigoniid, larval Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Other, Hemipteran, spider percent of arthropod taxa in the diet, listed in order of decreasing frequency Not Reported Adult 95 birds Arapaho Prairie Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Repertoires, territory size and mate attraction in western meadowlarks

Author(s)
Aweida, Maria Klemperer
Pages
1080-1083
Year
Volume
97
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Territory Size 12,406.8 average territory size in mated birds m^2 Male Adult 17 birds Boulder Exposure Factor Datasets
Territory Size 3,228.1 average territory size of unmated birds m^2 Male Adult 7 birds Boulder Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Meadowlarks feeding on roadkills

Author(s)
Hubbard, John P. and Claudia L. Hubbard
Pages
107-108
Year
Issue
1
Volume
81
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition mourning dove item found in stomach analysis Not Reported Not Reported 1 bird New Mexico State Hwy 26 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of two sagebrush control methods on nongame birds

Author(s)
Castrale, John S.
Pages
945-952
Year
Issue
4
Volume
46
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range of mean breeding bird densities on three grassland-sagebrush sites (over two years) territories/16 ha Both Male and Female Adult 3 sites Wasatch National Forest Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of female pairing status and timing of breeding on nesting productivity in western meadowlarks (Sturnella neglecta)

Author(s)
Dickinson, T.E., J.B. Falls, and J. Kopachena
Pages
3093-3101
Year
Volume
65
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Time of Nesting first two weeks of May peak time of nest initiation Both Male and Female Adult 46 nests near Delta, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Clutch or Litter Size 5.41 mean size of clutches laid early (pre-May 1), mid (May 1-10), or late season (post-May 10) eggs/clutch Female Adult 41 nests near Delta, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.14 SE
Hatching Success 19/31 proportion of successful nests (hatched at least one egg) in which entire clutch hatched Both Male and Female Adult 41 nests near Delta, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Fledging or Weaning Rate 2.32 number of young fledged per female young/female Female Adult 38 females near Delta, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.06 SE
Citation:

Specific limits and distribution of meadowlarks of the desert grassland

Author(s)
Lanyon, Wesley E.
Pages
183-207
Year
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean 101.5 mean body weight g Male Adult 8 birds Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Body Weight - Mean 75.9 mean body weight g Female Adult 3 birds Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Citation:

Opportunistic scavenging by meadowlarks in southwestern Oklahoma

Author(s)
Tyler, Jack D. and Larry L. Choate
Pages
41-42
Year
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Sturnella sp., Colaptes, sparrows, Lepus californicus, Sigmodon hispidus, Sylvilagus sp., Felis domesticus species observed to be scavenged by meadowlarks Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bird nesting in Iowa no-tillage and tilled cropland

Author(s)
Basore, Nancy S., Louis B. Best, and James B. Wooley, Jr.
Pages
19-28
Year
Issue
1
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 0 to 12 (+/-15) mean nest densities in untilled corn or soybean fields nests/100 ha Both Male and Female Adult 8-9 fields Adair County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Birds of a prairie community

Author(s)
Kendeigh, Charles
Pages
165-174
Year
Issue
4
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 6 density of birds nesting and feeding in study area birds per 50 acres Both Male and Female Adult 6 near Iowa Lakeside Laboratory Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range estimated breeding territory size defended by males acres Both Male and Female Adult 4 territories near Iowa Lakeside Laboratory Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Population estimates of breeding birds in North Dakota

Author(s)
Stewart, Robert E., and Harold A. Kantrud
Pages
766-788
Year
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 28.43 (96) mean density of breeding birds (maximum density in parentheses) pairs/square mile Both Male and Female Adult 130 sample units (160 acres/unit) Exposure Factor Datasets
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