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Ambystoma macrodactylum

Citation:

Methoxychlor alters hatching and larval startle response in the salamander Ambystoma macrodactylum

Author(s)
Ingermann, R.L., D.C. Bencic and V.P. Eroschenko
Pages
815-821
Year
Volume
59
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
METHOXYCHLOR decrease @ 0.3 and 10 mg/L mean body weight of larvae Not Reported Embryo, Juvenile 30-38 eggs/dose 0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.2, 10.0 mg/L (DMSO carrier) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 37 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets

Dicamptodon tenebrosus, Ensatina eschscholtzii

Citation:

Response of amphibians to clearcutting, burning, and glyphosate application in the Oregon Coast Range

Author(s)
Cole, Elizabeth C., William C. McComb, Michael Newton, Carol L. Chambers, J.P. Leeming
Pages
656-664
Year
Volume
61
Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
no effect capture rates between logged and burned units and the logged, burned and sprayed units during the year after spraying Not Reported Not Reported Oregon Coast Range 3 units/treatment control or 1.3 kg/ha TOX-POP - size effects single field application Toxicity Factor Datasets

Lithobates catesbeianus

Citation:

The use of simultaneous multiple species acute toxicity test to compare the relative sensitivities of aquatic organisms to mercury

Author(s)
McCrary, J.E. and M.G. Heagler
Pages
73-81
Year
Volume
A32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
MERCURIC CHLORIDE 63.36 96 hour LC50 (95% Confidence Interval); based on measured concentrations 37.02 - 108.30 (95% CI) ug Hg/L Not Reported Not Reported 10/dose 0, 1.4, 3.9, 12.0, 110.0 and 487 ug Hg/L (mean daily measured concn.) TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 96 hr waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Elevated maintenance costs in an anuran (Rana catesbeiana) exposed to a mixture of trace elements during the embryonic and early larval periods

Author(s)
Rowe, Christopher L., Owen M. Kinney, Roy D. Nagle and Justin D. Congdon
Pages
27-35
Year
Volume
71
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS increase at contaminated, relative to reference site resting oxygen consumption at 25C, measured in the lab ml O2/hr/tadpole Not Reported Tadpole Savannah River 8-11 80-d tadpole residue levels (ppm dry wt) at contaminated (C) vs reference (R) sites: Chromium, C=27.25 +/- 6.22, R=8.58 +/- 0.35; Copper, C=55.12 +/- 5.05, R=17.40 +/- 1.74; Arsenic C=25.95 +/- 3.08, R=0.75 +/- 0.20; Selenium, C=25.27 +/- 1.67, R=0.83 +/- TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal NR site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS decrease at contaminated, compared to reference site % survival to 80 d posthatching % Not Reported Tadpole Savannah River Not Reported 80-d tadpole residue levels (ppm dry wt) at contaminated (C) vs reference (R) sites: Chromium, C=27.25 +/- 6.22, R=8.58 +/- 0.35; Copper, C=55.12 +/- 5.05, R=17.40 +/- 1.74; Arsenic C=25.95 +/- 3.08, R=0.75 +/- 0.20; Selenium, C=25.27 +/- 1.67, R=0.83 +/- TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Pseudacris regilla

Citation:

Comparative effects of ammonium and nitrate compounds on Pacific treefrog and African clawed frog embryos

Author(s)
Schuytema, G.S. and A.V. Nebeker
Pages
200-206
Year
Volume
36
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AMMONIUM NITRATE 25.0 10-d LC50 value for embryos 21.9-28.7 (95% CI) mg/L as NH4-N Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.3, 3.3, 6.9, 13.3, 25.1, 50.9, 101.2 mg/L NH4-N, mean measured concentration TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
AMMONIUM NITRATE 6.9 LOAEL for body weight and length mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.3, 3.3, 6.9, 13.3, 25.1, 50.9, 101.2 mg/L NH4-N, mean measured concentration TOX-REPRO - development 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
AMMONIUM NITRATE 3.3 NOAEL for body weight and length mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.3, 3.3, 6.9, 13.3, 25.1, 50.9, 101.2 mg/L NH4-N, mean measured concentration TOX-REPRO - development 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE 30.3 10-d LC50 for embryos 27.0 - 33.4 (95% CI) mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.2, 2.8, 7.3, 12.8, 24.9, 49.7, 102.9 mg/L NH4-N, mean measured concentration TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE 24.9 LOAEL for body weight and length and deformities mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.2, 2.8, 7.3, 12.8, 24.9, 49.7, 102.9 mg/L NH4-N, mean measured concentration TOX-REPRO - development 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE 12.8 NOAEL for body weight and length and deformities mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.2, 2.8, 7.3, 12.8, 24.9, 49.7, 102.9 mg/L NH4-N, mean measured concentration TOX-REPRO - development 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
AMMONIUM SULFATE 32.4 10-d LC50 for embryos 29.7 - 35.4 (95% CI) mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.04, 2.6, 6.1, 11.7, 23.1, 45.4, 91.5 mg/L NH4-N, mean measured concentration TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
AMMONIUM SULFATE 11.7 LOAEL for body weight mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.04, 2.6, 6.1, 11.7, 23.1, 45.4, 91.5 mg/L NH4-N, mean measured concentration TOX-REPRO - development 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
AMMONIUM SULFATE 6.1 NOAEL for body weight mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.04, 2.6, 6.1, 11.7, 23.1, 45.4, 91.5 mg/L NH4-N, mean measured concentration TOX-REPRO - development 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
NITRATE, SODIUM 578.0 10-d LC50 for embryos 459.0 - 726.5 (95% CI) mg NO3-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.1, 24.8, 56.7, 111.0, 230.4, 470.4, 979.2, 2716 mg/L NO3-N, mean measured concentration TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
NITRATE, SODIUM 111.0 LOAEL for body weight and length mg NO3-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.1, 24.8, 56.7, 111.0, 230.4, 470.4, 979.2, 2716 mg/L NO3-N, mean measured concentration TOX-REPRO - development 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
NITRATE, SODIUM 56.7 NOAEL for body weight and length mg NO3-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose 0.1, 24.8, 56.7, 111.0, 230.4, 470.4, 979.2, 2716 mg/L NO3-N, mean measured concentration TOX-REPRO - development 10 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets

Peromyscus maniculatus

Citation:

Relationship between deer mouse population parameters and dieldrin contamination in the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

Author(s)
Allen, Daniel L. and David L. Otis
Pages
243-250
Year
Volume
76
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DIELDRIN increase population size at contaminated vs reference sites Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge Not Reported Average soil dieldrin concentrations (ppb) at Reference (4.6 - 5.1 ppb) and Contaminated (72.8 - 636.7 ppb) sites TOX-POP - size effects NR site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN increase % of female deer mice exhibiting signs of reproduction increased as dieldrin levels increased at contaminated vs control sites Female Adult Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge Not Reported Average soil dieldrin concentrations (ppb) at Reference (4.6 - 5.1 ppb) and Contaminated (72.8 - 636.7 ppb) sites TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Enhydra lutris ssp. nereis

Citation:

Butyltin residues in southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) found dead along California coastal waters

Author(s)
Kannan, Kurunthachalam, Keerthi S. Guruge, Nancy J. Thomas, Shinsuke Tanabe and John P. Giesy
Pages
1169-1175
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
TIN, BUTYL increase otters that died of infectious disease contained butyltin liver concentrations greater than those that died of trauma Both Male and Female Adult 8-14 animals mean liver butyltin residue levels in otters where disease was cause of death = 1570 (range = 40-5300 ng/g wet wt) compared to those that died of trauma = 220 (range = 92-480 ng/g wet wt) TOX-MORT - mortality in the field NR site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Accumulation pattern of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) found stranded along coastal California, USA

Author(s)
Nakata, H., K. Kannan, L. Jing, N. Thomas, S. Tanabe and J.P. Giesy
Pages
45-53
Year
Volume
103
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) increase otters that died from infectious diseases contained higher liver DDTs concentrations that those that died of trauma Both Male and Female Adult 4-8 mean liver DDTs residues in otters where disease was cause of death = 2000 (range = 290-4700 ng/g wet wt) compared to those that died of trauma = 1400 (range = 280 - 3800 ng/g wet wt) TOX-MORT - mortality in the field NR site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Pelecanus occidentalis

Citation:

Flow cytometric analysis of hematocytes from brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) exposed to planar halogenated hydrocarbons and heavy metals

Author(s)
Wickliffe, J.K., and J.W. Bickham
Pages
239-246
Year
Volume
61
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, MERCURY COMPOUNDS, POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS no effect half-peak coefficient of variation (HPCV) in DNA content vs. reference samples Not Reported Chick Ferry Slip Island and South Pelican Island (33deg59'N,77deg57'W) 15 geometric means: 0.03 ppm As, 0.38 ppm Se, 0.34 ppm Hg, 4.5 pg/g TCDD-EQs, wet wt in eggs TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - genetic effects NR habitat contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Phalacrocorax auritus

Citation:

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces hepatic cytochrome P450-dependent arachidonic acid epoxygenation in diverse avian orders: regioisomer selectivity and immunochemical comparison of the TCDD-induced P450s to CYP1A4 and 1A5

Author(s)
Gilday, D., G.D. Bellward, J.T. Sanderson, D.M. Janz, and A.B. Rifkind
Pages
106-116
Year
Volume
150
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS increased P-450-dependent arachidonic acid metabolism by liver microsomes Not Reported Embryo 3 100 ug/kg egg TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers 5-6 d egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Double-crested cormorants of the Great Lakes: egg-laying parameters, reproductive failure, and contaminant residues in eggs, Lake Huron 1972-1973.

Author(s)
Weseloh, D. Vaughn, Stanley M. Teeple, and Michael Gilbertson
Pages
427-436
Year
Volume
61
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, HEXACHLOROBENZENE, MERCURY COMPOUNDS, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 95% percent of eggs lost or broken before hatching in contaminated colonies Not Reported Embryo Lake Huron 235 eggs mean ppm in 18 eggs, wet wt: 14.5 (DDE), 0.22 (DDT), 0.17 (DDD), 23.8 (PCBs), 0.33 (dieldrin), 0.04 (heptachlor epoxide), 0.01 (hexachlorobenzene), 0.46 (Hg) TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, HEXACHLOROBENZENE, MERCURY COMPOUNDS, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 23.9% thinner eggshell thickness compared with pre-1947 eggshells in contaminated colonies Not Reported Embryo Lake Huron 18 eggs mean ppm in 18 eggs, wet wt: 14.5 (DDE), 0.22 (DDT), 0.17 (DDD), 23.8 (PCBs), 0.33 (dieldrin), 0.04 (heptachlor epoxide), 0.01 (hexachlorobenzene), 0.46 (Hg) TOX-REPRO - physiology NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, HEXACHLOROBENZENE, MERCURY COMPOUNDS, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 2.4% mean hatching success in contaminated colonies Not Reported Embryo Lake Huron 331 eggs mean ppm in 18 eggs, wet wt: 14.5 (DDE), 0.22 (DDT), 0.17 (DDD), 23.8 (PCBs), 0.33 (dieldrin), 0.04 (heptachlor epoxide), 0.01 (hexachlorobenzene), 0.46 (Hg) TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, HEXACHLOROBENZENE, MERCURY COMPOUNDS, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 0.06-0.11 (1972); 0.3 (1973) fledging success (young/nest) in contaminated colonies Not Reported Embryo Lake Huron 42 (1973)-66 (1972) nests mean ppm, wet wt: 14.5 (DDE), 0.22 (DDT), 0.17 (DDD), 23.8 (PCBs), 0.33 (dieldrin), 0.04 (heptachlor epoxide), 0.01 (hexachlorobenzene), 0.46 (Hg) TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins, and dibenzofurans on fish-eating birds

Author(s)
Bosveld, A.T.C. (Bart), and Martin Van den Berg
Pages
147-166
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS review incidence of embryonic deformities, depressed growth Embryo, Juvenile Not Reported NR TOX-REPRO - development NR NR Toxicity Factor Datasets
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS, POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS review enzyme induction Not Reported NR TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers NR NR Toxicity Factor Datasets

Anas platyrhynchos, Phalacrocorax auritus

Citation:

Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins, and dibenzofurans on fish-eating birds

Author(s)
Bosveld, A.T.C. (Bart), and Martin Van den Berg
Pages
147-166
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS review incidence of reproductive effects Both Adults and Juveniles, Embryo Not Reported NR TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR NR Toxicity Factor Datasets

Falco sparverius

Citation:

Possible mechanisms for sensitivity to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides in eastern screech-owls and American kestrels

Author(s)
Vyas, N.B., L.A. Thiele, S.C. Garland
Pages
151-157
Year
Volume
120
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
FENTHION increased @ all doses mortality versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 8 0,23.6,47.2,94.5,189.0 ppm in diet TOX-MORT - dose-response data 1 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CARBOFURAN increased at 63.4, 126.8, 253.6 ppm mortality versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 8 0,31.7,63.4,126.8,253.6 ppm in diet TOX-MORT - dose-response data 1 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
FENTHION decreased to 10% of control levels brain cholinesterase activity of birds that died Both Male and Female Adult 8 0,23.6,47.2,94.5,189.0 ppm in diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 1 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CARBOFURAN decreased to 35% of controls brain cholinesterase activity in birds that died Both Male and Female Adult 8 0,31.7,63.4,126.8,253.6 ppm in diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 1 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Selenium accumulation in captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius) fed selenomethionine and naturally incorporated selenium

Author(s)
Yamamoto, Julie T., Gary M. Santolo, and Barry W. Wilson
Pages
2494-2497
Year
Issue
12
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENOMETHIONINE Y=1.132 + 0.801X (R^2 = 0.932) relationship between Se concentrations in diet and blood Both Male and Female Adult 9-10 pairs/group 0,5,9 ppm, dry wt, in diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 77 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS 7.5 ppm Se, dry wt maximum observed Se concentration in blood Both Male and Female Adult 10 pairs/group 8 ppm, dry wt, in contaminated prey species TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 77 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect incidence of mortality or signs of toxicity Both Male and Female Adult 9-10 pairs/group 0,5,9 ppm, dry wt, in diet TOX-MORT - dose-response data 77 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Reproductive and morphological effects of o,p-dicofol on two generations of captive American kestrels

Author(s)
MacLellan, K.N.M., D.M. Bird, D.M. Fry, and J.L. Cowles
Pages
364-372
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DICOFOL decreased 5.45% (@ 5 mg/kg), 10.98% (@ 20 mg/kg) eggshell thickness compared to controls Female Adult 10/group 0,5,20 mg/kg bw TOX-REPRO - physiology daily, throughout breeding season gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL non-detectable (@ 5 mg/kg), 560 ng/g (@ 20 mg/kg) mean concentration of metabolite dichlorobenzophenone in eggs Female Adult 10/group 0,5,20 mg/kg bw TOX-EXP IND - accumulation daily, throughout breeding season gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL increased @ 5 and 20 mg/kg incidence of abnormal embyronic gonads Both Male and Female Embryo 10/group 0,5,20 mg/kg bw TOX-REPRO - development daily, throughout breeding season gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
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