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Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-) | no effect | onset of laying, egg production, egg fertility and egg hatchability, compared to controls | Female | Adult | 20 hens/dose | control, 5 ppm | TOX-REPRO - physiology | pre-breeding period (19 Feb. - 5 Apr., 1980) + breeding period to hatch | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) | increase @ 0.2, 2.0 mg/kg egg | embryonic mortality, compared to controls | Not Reported | Embryo | 22/dose | control, 0.2, 2.0 mg/kg egg, mixture of 18 PAHs; injected into egg yolks | TOX-REPRO - development | single | in ovo | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
BENZO[k]FLUORANTHENE | increase @ 0.2, 2.0 mg/kg egg | embryo mortality, compared to controls | Not Reported | Embryo | 20/dose | control, 0.2, 2.0 mg benzo[k]fluoranthene/kg egg; injected into egg yolks | TOX-REPRO - development | single | in ovo | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ALUMINUM SULFATE | decrease @ 0.5% | body weight, average daily weight gain and tibiotarsus length, compared to controls | Not Reported | Juvenile | 8/dose | control, 0.1, 0.5% aluminum as Al2(SO4)3 | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal | 15 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
ALUMINUM SULFATE | 3.59 ppm dry wt @ control, 5.16 ppm @ 0.1%, 15.52 ppm @ 0.05% | liver aluminum concentrations (ppm, dry wt) in ducklings | Not Reported | Juvenile | 8/dose | control, 0.1, 0.5% aluminum as Al2(SO4)3 | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | 15 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
ALUMINUM SULFATE | no effect | plasma growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations | Not Reported | Juvenile | 8/dose | control, 0.1, 0.5% aluminum as Al2(SO4)3 | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects | 15 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SEWAGE SLUDGE | no effect | immune defenses; resistance to Pasturella multocida estimated by % mortality 14 d after challenge, compared to controls | Male | Adult | 10/dose | control, 5%, 20% Milorganite or Metrogro | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects | 28 d (Milorganite); 57 d (Metrogro) | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
SEWAGE SLUDGE | increase @ 20% Milorganite or Metrogro | liver cadmium concentrations; compared to controls | Male | Adult | 10/dose | control, 5%, 20% Milorganite or Metrogro | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | 28 d (Milorganite); 57 d (Metrogro) | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TRIMETHYLTIN CHLORIDE | increase @ 5, 50 ppm | % mortality (100% mortality within 5 d for 50 ppm dose), compared to controls | Not Reported | Juvenile | 5/dose | control, 0.5, 5.0, 50 ppm (Sn) as trimethyltin chloride | TOX-MORT - dose-response data | 73 - 75 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
TRIMETHYLTIN CHLORIDE | increase @ 50 ppm | incidence of mild to marked degeneration of neurons of the pons, medulla oblongata, gray matter of the spinal cord and pyrimidal cells of the cerebral cortex; mild to moderate lympoid depletion of spleen and thymus; atrophy of myofibers in skeletal and ca | Not Reported | Juvenile | 5/dose | control, 0.5, 5.0, 50 ppm (Sn) as trimethyltin chloride | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects | 73-75 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
TRIMETHYLTIN CHLORIDE | 17% decrease @ 5 ppm | body weight | Not Reported | 5/dose | control, 0.5, 5.0, 50 ppm (Sn) as trimethyltin chloride | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal | 73 - 75 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets | |
TRIMETHYLTIN CHLORIDE | increase @ 5 ppm | cephalic tumor incidence | Not Reported | Juvenile | 5/dose | control, 0.5, 5.0, 50 ppm (Sn) as trimethyltin chloride | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects | 73 - 75 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
TRIETHYLTIN CHLORIDE | no effect | % mortality, compared to controls | Not Reported | Juvenile | 5/dose | control, 0.5, 5.0, 50 ppm (Sn) as triethyltin chloride | TOX-MORT - dose-response data | 73 - 75 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) | review | concentrations of chemicals in eggs and diet associated with mortality and eggshell thinning (various raptor species) | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | NR | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DIELDRIN | review | concentrations in brain associated with mortality (various raptor species) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | NR | TOX-MORT - dose-response data | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DIELDRIN | review | concentrations in eggs associated with reduced productivity (various raptor species) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | NR | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | review | concentrations in brain associated with mortality (various raptor species) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | NR | TOX-MORT - dose-response data | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | review | concentrations in eggs associated with reduced reproduction (various raptor species) | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | NR | TOX-REPRO - reproductive success | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE | review | concentrations in brain associated with mortality (various raptor species) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | NR | TOX-MORT - dose-response data | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
OXYCHLORDANE | review | concentrations in brain associated with mortality (various raptor species) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | NR | TOX-MORT - dose-response data | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE | review | concentrations in eggs associated with reduced reproduction (various raptor species) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | NR | TOX-REPRO - reproductive success | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
HEXACHLOROBENZENE | review | concentrations in eggs associated with reduced reproduction (various raptor species) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | NR | TOX-REPRO - reproductive success | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
MERCURY COMPOUNDS | review | concentrations in brain and liver associated with mortality (various avian species) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | NR | TOX-MORT - dose-response data | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
MERCURY COMPOUNDS | review | concentrations in eggs associated with reduced reproduction (various avian species) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | NR | TOX-REPRO - reproductive success | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-) | 12.7 +/- 8.7 ppm (wet wt), 253 +/- 160 ppm (lipid wt) | mean (+/-SE) DDE concentration in eggs | Female | Adult | Ungava region, Quebec; islands of Northwest Territories | 10 eggs | 334 +/- 95 ppm in fat (mean +/-SE; lipid basis) of adult females | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDE (4,4'-) | 21% decrease | eggshell thickness compared to pre-1940 museum specimens | Female | Adult | Ungava region, Quebec; islands of Northwest Territories | 21 eggs from 12 clutches | mean +/- SE concentrations, ppm: 253 +/- 160 (eggs); 334 +/- 95 (fat of adult females, lipid basis) | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | 12.1% | percent eggshell thinning (as indicated by Ratcliffe Index) compared to pre-1947 eggs | Not Reported | Embryo | Mid-Atlantic coastal and urban breeding sites | 39 eggs | range of concentrations in eggs, ppm, wet wt : 2.5-18 (DDT and metabolites); 0.06-0.47 (heptachlor epoxide); 0.16-0.82 (oxychlordane); 2.1-19 (PCBs) | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | 11% decrease | eggshell thickness compared to pre-1947 reference eggs | Female | Adult | eastern U.S. coast | 112 eggs | geometric mean concentrations in eggs (n=37), ppm, wet wt: 7.8 (DDE) and 8.9 (PCBs) | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AROCLOR 1248, AROCLOR 1254, AROCLOR 1260, DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), MERCURY COMPOUNDS | no effect | eggshell thickness compared to pre-1947 reference eggs | Female | Adult | urban nest sites | 9 eggs | mean concentrations in 7 eggs, ppm, wet wt: 3.61 (DDE); 0.026 (DDT); 5.71 (Aroclor 1260); 0.446 (Aroclor 1248); 0.16 (Aroclor 1254); 0.163 (Hg) | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-) | 13.1% and 13.6% decreases in tundrius and anatum ssp. | eggshell thickness compared to pre-1947 reference eggs | Female | Adult | 21 and 34 eggs for tundrius and anatum ssp. | 9.3-10.6 ppm DDE, wet wt, in eggs of tundrius and anatum ssp. | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-) | review | eggshell thickness compared to that of pre-1945 eggs | Female | Adult | Not Reported | NR | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DIELDRIN | review | mortality in conjunction with pesticide use and residues in birds | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | NR | TOX-MORT - mortality in the field | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-) | 7.4-8.3% | percent eggshell thinning compared with pre-1946 reference eggs | Female | Adult | Amchitka | 3-7 eggs/year | 25.0-39.8 ppm, dry wt, in eggs (range of annual means) | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDE (4,4'-) | 16.8-24.9% | percent eggshell thinning compared with pre-1946 reference eggs | Female | Adult | Colville, Yukon, Tanana Rivers | 3-11 eggs/year | 105.6-344.3 ppm, dry wt, in eggs (range of annual means) | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-), MERCURY COMPOUNDS, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | 2.4-25.0 (DDE); 0.5-10.6 (PCBs); 0.2-4.2 (Hg) | residues in eggs (ppm, wet wt) | Female | Adult | Gulf of California | 5 eggs (from 5 nests) | range of residues in 8 prey species, whole body or muscle, ppm wet wt: 0.44-7.45 (DDE); 0.02-1.67 (PCBs); 0.3-3.15 (Hg) | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | NR | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDE (4,4'-), MERCURY COMPOUNDS, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | +2 to 16% | percent eggshell thinning compared to pre-1947 reference eggs | Female | Adult | Gulf of California | 5 eggs (from 5 nests) | range of residues in eggs, ppm, wet wt: 2.4-25.0 (DDE); 0.5-10.6 (PCBs); 0.2-4.2 (Hg) | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | 8.31 (1.67-45.63; PCBs); 4.45 (0.76-28.05; DDE); 0.36 (0.05-1.80; dieldrin) | geometric mean (range) residues in eggs, ppm, wet wt | Female | Adult | Rankin Inlet | 20 eggs | geometric mean residues in prey species, ppm, wet wt: non-detect. - 2.11(DDE); non-detect. - 6.88 (PCBs); 0 - 0.51 (dieldrin) | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | NR | environmental contamination; diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | 15% | percent eggshell thinning compared with pre-DDT reference eggs | Female | Adult | Rankin Inlet | 20 eggs | geometric mean (range) residues in eggs, ppm, wet wt: 8.31 (1.67-45.63; PCBs); 4.45 (0.76-28.05; DDE); 0.36 (0.05-1.80; dieldrin) | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | 0.12 (0-2.59; PCBs); 0.06 (0-2.70; DDE); ND (0-0.06; dieldrin) | geometric mean residues (range) in plasma, ppm, wet wt of nestlings | Not Reported | Juvenile | Rankin Inlet | 79 nestlings | geometric mean residues in prey species, ppm, wet wt: non-detect. - 2.11(DDE); non-detect. - 6.88 (PCBs); 0 - 0.51 (dieldrin) | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | NR | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ALDRIN, DDT (Technical Grade Mixture), DIELDRIN, ENDRIN, HEPTACHLOR, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, LINDANE | review | eggshell breakage, weight and thickness compared to 1950 measurements | Female | Adult | Not Reported | NR | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | environmental contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |