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Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE | no effect | eggshell thickness compared to pre-1946 museum speciments | Female | Adult | south-central Montana | 3 eggs | 0.74 (DDE), 0.07 (DDD + DDT), 0.16 (dieldrin), 0.11 (heptachlor epoxide) ppm, wet wt., in viable eggs | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | parent | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AROCLOR 1254, DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, OXYCHLORDANE | 5% decrease | eggshell thickness index compared with reference eggs | Female | Adult | Butler, Delaware, Hamilton Counties | 18 eggs, 15 clutches | 3.0 (DDE), 1.7 (dieldrin), 0.1 (heptachlor epoxide), 3.1 (Arochlor 1254/60), 0.2 (oxychlordane) ppm (wet wt) in 4 eggs | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | site contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, MIREX, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | increased | mortality due to pesticide exposure based on history, ante-mortem signs, and gross pathology | Not Reported | Not Reported | 8 owls | 13-96 (DDE), 0.01-0.65 (DDD), 0.03-0.17 (DDT, 2.83-71.0 (PCBs), 0.50-9.89 (dieldrin), 0.012-0.27 (HCB), 0.02-1.99 (Mirex), 0.12-7.74 (heptachlor epoxide), 0.98-8.68 (oxychlordane), 0.50-2.29 (trans-nonachlor), ppm wet wt, in brain | TOX-MORT - mortality in the field | NR | NR | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | increased | mortality due to PCB intoxication, based on brain residues | Female | Adult | Greene County | 1 owl | 44.7 (DDE), 357 (PCB) ppm wet wt in brain | TOX-MORT - mortality in the field | NR | NR | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | increased | occurence of wild birds dying diagnosed with organochlorine poisoning | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 13 owls | 3.96-75.7 (DDE), <0.01-49.6 (PCBs), 0.44-14.6 (heptachlor epoxide), 1.16-5.87 (oxychlordane), 0.02-1.36 (trans-nonachlor), <0.01-10.3 (dieldrin) wet wt in brain | TOX-MORT - mortality in the field | NR | NR | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | increased | occurence of mortality as a result of organochlorine poisoning | Female | Adult | 6 km s. of Corvallis | 1 owl | 28.0 (DDE), 0.8 (dieldrin), 5.1 (hexachlorobenzene), 5.8 (heptachlor epoxide), 3.7 (oxychlordane), 0.1 (cis-chlordane), 0.1 (trans-onachlor), 8.2 (PCBs) ppm wet wt in brain | TOX-MORT - mortality in the field | NR | NR | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TERBUFOS | decreased (>2 standard deviations of control mean) in 3 samples | plasma cholinesterase activity after pesticide applications | Not Reported | Not Reported | 6 samples | 1.45 kg terbufos/ha | TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers | NR | pesticide application | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
TERBUFOS | no effect | occurence of pesticide metabolites in fecal-urate samples | Not Reported | Not Reported | 29 owls | 1.45 kg terbufos/ha | TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers | NR | pesticide application | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FAMPHUR | 85% decrease | post-mortem brain cholinesterase activity compared to control | Not Reported | Not Reported | Malheur County | 1 owl | 15 ppm in post-mortem stomach contents | TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers | NR | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CHLOROPHACINONE | 99 ug | total carcass residues 28 d after removal from treatment | Not Reported | Adult | 1 owl | 3.2 ppm in voles maintained on treated food | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | 6 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
CHLOROPHACINONE | no effect | occurence of external bleeding or internal abnormalities after removal from treated diet | Not Reported | Adult | 1 owl | 3.2 ppm in voles maintained on treated food | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal | 6 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DIPHACINONE | 4.1-5.5 mg | doses resulting in symptoms and death in 2/3 birds within 14 days | Not Reported | Adult | 3 owls | 4.1-5.5 mg total consumed in mice fed a 0.01% bait | TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks | 5 days | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DIPHACINONE | increased | time to coagulation in blood sampled 3 days after treatment ended | Not Reported | Adult | 3 owls | 4.1-5.5 mg total consumed in mice fed a 0.01% bait | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects | 5 days | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
STRYCHNINE | increased | occurence (compared with pre-dose values) of uncoordinated movement, tremors, loss of perching ability and ability to stand on the ground | Not Reported | Adult | 1 bird | 1.8 mg injected into mouse | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects | single exposure | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
STRYCHNINE | increased | occurence (compared with pre-dose values) of uncoordinated movement, tremors, loss of perching ability and ability to stand on the ground | Not Reported | Adult | 1 bird | 1.0 mg injected into mouse | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects | single exposure | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
STRYCHNINE | increased | occurence of errors (compared with pre-test values) in a reversal learning test | Not Reported | Adult | 1 bird | 0.4 mg injected into mouse | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects | single exposure | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | increased | occurence of wild birds dying diagnosed with organochlorine poisoning | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 5 kestrels | 0.17-12.0 (DDE), 0.61-6.55 (PCBs), 0.08-5.17 (heptachlor epoxide), 1.97-5.15 (oxychlordane), 0.38-3.26 (trans-nonachlor), 0.75-3.70 (dieldrin) wet wt in brain | TOX-MORT - mortality in the field | NR | NR | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Type |
---|---|---|---|
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | review | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | review | TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FLUORANTHENE | increase @ 10.97 - 59.48 ug/l | incidence of structural disorganization and necrosis of the integument | Not Reported | Tadpole | 20/group | 0, 10.97, 37.97, 59.48 ug/l with simulated solar UV radiation | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects | 96 hr | water-borne; flow-through | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
FLUORANTHENE | increase @ 37.97 ug/l | total distance travelled | Not Reported | Tadpole | 20/group | 0, 10.97, 37.97, 59.48 ug/l with simulated solar UV radiation | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects | 96 hr | water-borne; flow-through | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) | 293.43-820.93 ppm, lipid weight | concentrations of DDT, DDE, DDD (combined) in skin and brains, 2 years post-application | Not Reported | Not Reported | 3.2 km NE of Davis | 2 birds | 0.22 kg DDT/ha | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | 1 application | experimental application | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) | see figure | figure showing concentration of DDT and metabolites in skin and brains before and after application | Not Reported | Not Reported | 3.2 km NE of Davis | 27 birds (3-4/sampling time) | 0.22 kg DDT/ha | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | 1 application | experimental application | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DIELDRIN | increased at 1 mg/kg | latency to formation of natural prey killing behaviors | Not Reported | Juvenile | collected in San Diego County, CA | 10-11/dose | 0, 1 mg/kg bw/d (87% active ingredient) | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects | until death (max. 103 d) | gavage | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DIELDRIN | increased at 1, 2, 4, 8 mg/kg/d | rate of mortality compared with controls | Not Reported | Juvenile | collected in San Diego County, CA | 10-11/dose | 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 mg/kg bw/d (87% active ingredient) | TOX-MORT - dose-response data | until death (max. 103 d) | gavage | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-) | 3.09 (0.09 SE) ppm, wet wt | concentration in eggs | Not Reported | Embryo | southern IL | 20 clutches, 104 eggs | 21.04 (3.51 SE) ppm in fat of adult females | TOX-EXP IND - accumulation | NR | parental transfer | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDE (4,4'-) | decreased | eggshell thickness index compared with reference samples collected in 1875-95 | Not Reported | Embryo | southern IL | 20 clutches, 104 eggs | 21.04 (3.51 SE) ppm in fat of adult females | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | parental transfer | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDE (4,4'-) | y = 92.610 - 2.412 log x | linear negative correlation of egg DDE concentration and shell thickness | Not Reported | Embryo | southern IL | 20 clutches, 104 eggs | 21.04 (3.51 SE) ppm in fat of adult females | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | parental transfer | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SODIUM MONOFLUOROACETATE | 0.347 mg/kg (95% CI; 0.212 - 0.541 mg/kg) | median lethal dose | Not Reported | Not Reported | 5-6 animals/dose | 0.125, 0.250, 0.5, 0.75 mg/kg | TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks | single | gavage | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SODIUM MONOFLUOROACETATE | 165 mg administered to coyote (95%CI; 107 - 392 mg) | LD50; based on dose given to coyote; skunks were fed contaminated coyote tissue | Not Reported | Not Reported | 1-8 per dose | secondary; 4; 50; 100; 200; 400 mg to coyote | TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks | single | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | 7% decrease | eggshell thickness compared with pre-1947 reference eggs | Female | Adult | Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge | 20 eggs | 0.48 ug/g, wet wt, DDE; 1.08 ug/g, wet wt, PCBs in eggs | TOX-REPRO - physiology | NR | site contamination | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS | see figures | figure for each dose, showing metabolic rate at increasing ambient temperatures | Not Reported | Adult | 10 birds/group | 0, 1, 3, 9 ppm (dry wt) in food | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects | 10 wks | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LINDANE | 18-21% decrease @ 20 mg/kg 7x or 3x/wk | eggshell thickness, compared to control | Female | Adult | 5/dose | control, 20 mg/kg given 7x, 3x or 2x/wk | TOX-REPRO - physiology | 8 wks | gavage | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
LINDANE | decrease @ 20 mg/kg 7x or 3x/wk | calcium concentration in plasma and shell gland mucosa and density and size of eggshell pores | Female | Adult | 5/dose | control, 20 mg/kg given 7x, 3x or 2x/wk | TOX-REPRO - physiology | 8 wks | gavage | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) | increase @ 0.05 - 0.4% in diet | Not Reported | Not Reported | 4/dose | 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4% | TOX-MORT - dose-response data | 30 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Tox Exposure | Toxicity Endpoint Type | Tox Exposure Duration | Tox Exposure Technique | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) | no effect | fertility, hatchability and duckling weight | Female | Adult | 18/dose | 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet | TOX-REPRO - reproductive success | 343 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDT (4,4'-) | no effect | fertility, hatchability and duckling weight | Female | Adult | 18/dose | 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet | TOX-REPRO - reproductive success | 343 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DIELDRIN | no effect | fertility, hatchability and duckling weight | Female | Adult | 18/dose | 0, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg diet | TOX-REPRO - reproductive success | 343 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) | no effect | hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) | Female | Adult | 18/dose | 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects | 343 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
DDT (4,4'-) | no effect | hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) | Female | Adult | 18/dose | 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet | TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects | 343 d | diet | Toxicity Factor Datasets |