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Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Nesting | June 1 | estimated beginning of nesting based on historic egg collections | Both Male and Female | Adult | coastal southern CA; Colorado River; upper San Pedro River, AZ | 187 dated egg sets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Migration or Dispersal | early to mid-June | timing of arrival of spring migrants | Both Male and Female | Adult | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
Time of Mating/ Laying | mid-June | time by which first eggs laid | Both Male and Female | Adult | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | 11 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
Time of Hatching or Parturition | June 30 | time by which first eggs hatched | Both Male and Female | Adult | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | 11 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis | July 15-August 13 | dates on which first and last young fledged | Both Male and Female | Adult | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | 11 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
Time of Migration or Dispersal | August 31 | date by which last fall migrants departed | Both Male and Female | Adult | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 1.3 | average number of fledglings per nest | 1.3 SD | 0-3 or 4 | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | 11 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 29% | total egg-to-fledgling success rate | Not Reported | Fledgling | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | 5 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
Hatching Success | 24/31 | total number of eggs hatched relative to estimate of total eggs laid | eggs hatched/eggs laid | Not Reported | Nestling | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | 11 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Territory Size | 3000 | average territory size of paired males based on observed perch locations | 2000 SD | 800-7000 | m^2 | Male | Adult | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | 8 territories | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 3.68 | mean clutch size in first nests | 0.1 SE | 3-5 | eggs/nest | Female | Adult | Wooster and Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE | 31 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Clutch or Litter Size | 3.14 | mean clutch size in renests | 0.1 SE | 2-4 | eggs/nest | Female | Adult | Wooster and Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE | 29 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 36.4% | percent of young fledged of total eggs laid | Not Reported | Fledgling | Wooster, Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE | 272 eggs, 91 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Hatching Success | 54.8 % | percent of eggs hatched of total eggs laid | Not Reported | Hatchling | Wooster, Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE | 272 eggs, 91 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 1.11 | mean fledglings in nests of known numbers of eggs | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | Wooster, Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE | 89 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality | see figure in citation | figure showing percent survival over time of eggs and nestlings | Not Reported | Embryo, Nestling | Wooster, Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE | 272 eggs, 91 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 56.3% | percent of unparasitized nests with at least one fledgling | Not Reported | Fledgling | Illinois River, Arapahoe National Wildlife Refuge (elev. 2,500 m) | 16 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 18.2% | percent of parasitized nests with at least one fledgling | Not Reported | Fledgling | Illinois River, Arapahoe National Wildlife Refuge (elev. 2,500 m) | 11 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 4 | first clutch size in 13/14 females observed | eggs/nest | Female | Adult | Badenoch Swamp, 14 km SE of Guelph (69 deg, 32'N, 80 deg, 13' W) | 14 females | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Territory Size | 3,009 | mean territory size based on observed perch sites and territorial disputes | 153 SE | m^2 | Male | Adult | Badenoch Swamp, 14 km SE of Guelph (69 deg, 32'N, 80 deg, 13' W) | 61 observation periods | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition | Mollusca (4), Arachnida (19), Isopoda (4), Orthoptera (15), Hemiptera (56), Coleoptera (7), Lepidoptera adult (20), Lepidoptera larvae (10), Diptera adult (188), Hymenoptera adult (9), Hymenoptera larvae (1) | numbers of food items delivered to nestlings fitted with neck ligatures | Not Reported | Nestling | Badenoch Swamp, 14 km SE of Guelph (69 deg, 32'N, 80 deg, 13' W) | 333 food items collected | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Surface Area | 0.00487 | estimated area of the external plumage surface (geometrical approximation) of 13.2 g bird | m^2 | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Body Weight - Mean | 13.2 | mean body weight during breeding season | g | Female | Adult | collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County | 5 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate | 0.325 | predicted daytime basal metabolic rate | W | Not Reported | Adult | collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate | 0.241 | predicted night time basal metabolic rate | W | Not Reported | Adult | collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | range of mean home range in 3 study periods estimated by radiotelemetry | 0.21 - 0.43 | ha | Female | Adult | Boyde Deep Canyon Reserve (elev., 300m) | 7-10 | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Home Range | range of mean home range in 3 study periods estimated by radiotelemetry | 0.18 - 0.52 | ha | Male | Adult | Boyde Deep Canyon Reserve (elev., 300m) | 8-11 | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Population Density | 6 | #/ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Boyde Deep Canyon Reserve (elev., 300m) | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutches or Litters per year | 1-2 | litters/yr | Female | Adult | Las Vegas Valley, Clark County (elev., 2500 ft) | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Body Weight - Mean | see citation | figure of seasonal changes in mean body weight | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | Las Vegas Valley, Clark County (elev., 2500 ft) | 2-96/mo | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | see citation | figure of changes in weight over time | g | Not Reported | Juvenile | adults captured at Alpine Butte, Los Angeles County, CA | 4 litters | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Growth Rate | see citation | figure of changes in weight over time | g | Not Reported | Juvenile | adults captured at Alpine Butte, Los Angeles County, CA | 4 litters | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning | 20 - 25 | d | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | San Simon Valley, Portal (elev., 1370 m) | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Time of Hatching or Parturition | Jan. - Mar. (begin); Apr. - May (peak); Aug. (end) | Female | Adult | San Simon Valley, Portal (elev., 1370 m) | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
Metabolic Rate | OC = 5.32 - 0.134 T | equation relating oxygen consumption (OC) to temperature (T, 29-35C) | ml O2/g/hr | Both Male and Female | Adult | captured at San Simon Valley, AZ from Aug. - July | 6/sampling period; 10 periods | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | 1.2 | average oxygen consumption rate at 31-34C | cc O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Not Reported | captured at Lovejoy Buttes, Los Angeles County, CA | 25 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate | OC = 3.57 + (-0.176)(T - 20.14) | equation relating oxygen consumption (OC) to ambient temperature (T, 9-31C) | cc O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Not Reported | captured at Lovejoy Buttes, Los Angeles County, CA | 25 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 0.70 | 0 - 3.3 | #/ha | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | San Simon Valley, Portal (elev., 1370 m) | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 2.3 | 1 - 3 | pups/litter | Female | Adult | 12 litters | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning | 21 - 24 | d | Not Reported | Juvenile | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |