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| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | average number of fledglings produced per pair, over 13 years | 0.4-1.7 | fledglings/pair | Not Reported | Fledgling | Venice (beach) | 35-165 pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | average number of fledglings produced per pair, over 13 years | 0.45-0.94 | fledglings/pair | Not Reported | Fledgling | statewide | 775-1,264 pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 2 | earliest age at which adults were known to breed for the first time | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 186 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Longevity | 13 | age of oldest banded breeding birds | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 40-105 birds/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Survival/ Mortality | 0.88 | overall survival rate for adults that have returned to breed once | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 82-165 breeding pairs/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Survival/ Mortality | 0.16 | rate at which chicks survived to breed at least once | Not Reported | Chick | Venice (beach) | 84-285 chicks/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Longevity | 9.63 | expected number of breeding years per adult bird | 6.55-14.48 95% CI | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Venice (beach) | 372 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | May - Aug. | Female | Adult | Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||||
| Growth Rate | 0.27 | difference in weight of newly emerged young between 1st and 2nd capture/ time interval (4-11d) | 0.06 SE | g/d | Male | Juvenile | Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] | 31 | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Growth Rate | 0.22 | difference in weight of newly emerged young between 1st and 2nd capture/ time interval (4-11d) | 0.05 SE | g/d | Female | Juvenile | Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] | 30 | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Survival/ Mortality | 67 | over-winter survival | % | Female | Adult | Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] | 6 | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Survival/ Mortality | 30 | over winter survival | 18 - 47 | % | Male | Juvenile | Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] | 30 | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Survival/ Mortality | 44 | over winter survival | 14 - 67 | % | Female | Juvenile | Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] | 34 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 4.50 | 1.29 SD | 3 - 6 | #/litter | Female | Adult | Pinyon-juniper zone near Westgard Pass (elev., 2500 m) | 4 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 1615 | elliptical home range based on distribution of capture points | m2 | Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Douglas fir forest, Vancouver | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Hemiptera (34.43%), Orthoptera (18.52%), Lepidoptera (20.63%), Coleoptera (15.26%), Hymenoptera (6.44%), other insects and spiders (2.71%), vegetable food (0.7%) | percent occurrence of food items in stomachs | Not Reported | Not Reported | 52 stomachs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 0.53 | 0.04 SD | #/km2 | Not Reported | Adult | National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Clutch or Litter Size | 4.45 | 0.33 SD | #/litter | Female | Adult | National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Population Density | 0.77 | 0.33 SD | #/km2 | Not Reported | Pup | National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Population Density | 1.37 | post-whelping population density | 0.33 SD | #/km2 | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Population Density | peak density | 0.57 - 0.98 | #/km2 | Not Reported | Adult | National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | voles (79.4%); deer mice (4.7%); other rodents (7.9%); deer (9.8%); pronghorn (1.6%); other ungulates (5.4%); lagomorphs (1.6%); other mammals (1.9%); birds and eggs (6.6%); seeds and fruit (1.0%); insects (2.2%); unknown (3.8%) | % frequency of occurrence of items in scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | National Bison Range (elev., 696-1361 m) | 315 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Dietary Composition | voles (88.8%); deer mice (2.8%); other rodents (10.0%); deer (6.2%); other ungulates (11.0%); other mammals (0.8%); birds and eggs (7.6%); seeds and fruit (0.4%); insects (0.8%); unknown (4.8%) | % frequency of occurrence of items in scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | National Bison Range (elev., 696-1361 m) | 250 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Dietary Composition | voles (74.9%); deer mice (0.5%); other rodents (11.8%); deer (18.3%); pronghorn (10.9%); other ungulates (10.0%); lagomorphs (2.4%); other mammals (0.4%); birds and eggs (12.4%); reptiles and amphibians (4.3%); seeds and fruit (0.5%); insects (7.1%); unknown (1.9%) | % frequency of occurrence in scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | National Bison Range (elev., 696-1361 m) | 211 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Dietary Composition | voles (40.8%); deer mice (2.4%); other rodents (14.1%); deer (24.4%); pronghorn (1.8%); other ungulates (7.3%); lagomorphs (2.4%); other mammals (7.4%); birds and eggs (19.5%); reptiles and amphibians (6.1%); seeds and fruit (30.5%); insects (30.5%); unknown (1.8%) | % frequency of occurrence in scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | National Bison Range (elev., 696-1361 m) | 164 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food Ingestion Rate | range of daily dry matter intake per unit metabolic weight (g food/body weight^0.75) for deer, hare or mice diets | 26.3 - 36.4 | g/kg/d | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | captured in Aroostook County, ME | 4 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 8-10 | 8.2-10.5 | pairs/acre | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 3.14 | 2.91-3.42 | eggs/nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Population Density | 87-124 | pairs/100 acres | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Clutch or Litter Size | 8.2 | 7.5-9.1 | eggs/pair/year | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Longevity | up to 7 | years | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | 6 animals (from 1000) | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Survival/ Mortality | 80-85 | 1 year or younger | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | oological collections | 3.05-4.17 | eggs/nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | from Baja California to Alaska | 545 records | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | early Feb.-July | Both Male and Female | Adult | California to Washington | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 45.9-82.3 | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | Mandarte Island | 4733 eggs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 24 Feb-19 April | Both Male and Female | Adult | Mandarte island | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 43 | 1 year and older | % | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Location | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning | 10 | d | Mandarte island | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Survival/ Mortality | 75 | survival from hatchling to fledgeling | % or more | Mandarte island | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 3.28 | eggs/nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | 90 records | Exposure Factor Datasets |
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