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Canis latrans

Citation:

Body size and condition of coyotes in southern Texas

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A., Richard M. Engeman and Jeffrey F. Bromaghin
Pages
47 - 52
Year
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 8.0 0.1 SE kg Female Juvenile Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] 50 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of means for two yearling age groups 10.0 - 10.8 kg Male Juvenile Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] 19-35 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of means for two yearling age groups 8.6 - 8.9 kg Female Juvenile Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] 22 - 32 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of means for two adult age groups 10.6 - 11.4 kg Male Adult Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] 69 - 76 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of means for two adult age groups; excluding those in latter half of gestation 9.1 - 9.6 kg Female Adult Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] 43-66 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Winter diets of coyotes in relation to prey abundance in southern Texas

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A. and Carl D. Mitchell
Pages
439-447
Year
Volume
71
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition lagomorphs (27 - 54%); woodrat (5-21%); cotton rat (0-40%); small rodents (4-12%); deer (4-19%); other prey (8 - 22%) range of percent distribution of prey items over 8 yrs % Not Reported Not Reported Webb County 2335 scats Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Survival of coyotes in southern Texas

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A., H. Leroy Anderson and Richard M. Engeman
Pages
301-307
Year
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Survival/ Mortality 0.70 overall annual survival rate (autumn-autumn), estimated over 4 yr periods 0.58 - 0.82 (95% CL) Both Male and Female Adult Webb County 88 Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 0.42 overall annual survival rate (autumn-autumn), estimated over 3 yr periods 0.24 - 0.60 (95% CL) Both Male and Female Juvenile Webb County 38 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dispersal, daily activity, and home range of coyotes in southeastern Idaho

Author(s)
Woodruff, Roger A. and Barry L. Keller
Pages
199-207
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Home Range 29.3 estimated by modified minimum area method 2.4 SE km2 Female Adult Idaho National Engineering Laboratory 4 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Use of food items by sex and age classes of coyotes

Author(s)
Cypher, Brian L., Kenneth A. Spencer and Jerry H. Scrivner
Pages
42-47
Year
Volume
82
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition leporid (76.4%); rodent (18.0%); livestock (13.5%); bird (13.5%); insect (4.5%); other (14.6%) % frequency of occurrence in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Adult Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88-473m) [lat., 35^oN; long., 119^oN] 89 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition leporid (57.6%); rodent (27.1%); livestock (27.1%); bird (20.3%); insect (11.9%); other (25.4%) % frequency of occurrence in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Juvenile Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88-473m) [lat., 35^oN; long., 119^oN] 59 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition leporid (62.7%); rodent (19.4%); livestock (17.9%); bird (14.9%); insect (41.8%); other (26.9%) % frequency of occurrence in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Juvenile Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88-473m) [lat., 35^oN; long., 119^oN] 59 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Summer food habits of coyotes in Idaho's River of No Return Wilderness Area

Author(s)
Elliott, Charles E. and Richard Guetig
Pages
63 - 65
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition Columbian ground squirrel (56.85); mule deer (27.4%); deer mouse (15.6%); moose (13.7%); northern pocket gopher (11.7%); montane vole (11.7%); golden-mantled ground squirrel (5.8%); Audubon's cottontail (3.9%); horse (3.9%); unknown mammals (5.8%); reptiles (3.9%); arthropods (39.2%); birds (27.4%); plants (21.5%) % occurrence of major (>1.9%) food items in scats % Not Reported Not Reported Big Creek Ranger District 51 scats Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food habits of the coyote in California

Author(s)
Ferrel, Carol M., Howard R. Leach and Daniel F. Tillotson
Pages
301-341
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition rodent (33.2%); deer (17.0%); other stock (14.8%); rabbit (13.2%); misc. (10.0%); sheep (4.6%); bird (3.8%); vegetation (3.4%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported coastal region 407 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition rodent (27.0%); deer (18.3%); other stock (9.4%); rabbit (22.2%); misc. (10.5%); sheep (6.7%); bird (5.0%); vegetation (0.9%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported northeast region 611 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition rodent (24.5%); deer (11.4%); other stock (12.1%); rabbit (22.9%); misc. (10.5%); sheep (9.7%); bird (3.4%); vegetation (5.5%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported inland Sierra region 813 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition rodent (19.2%); deer (5.0%); other stock (12.4%); rabbit (41.5%); misc. (12.4%); sheep (6.6%); bird (2.1%); vegetation (0.8%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported eastern region 94 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition rodent (24.4%); deer (9.2%); other stock (7.6%); rabbit (26.4%); misc. (10.3%); sheep (5.3%); bird (8.2%); vegetation (8.6%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported southern region 297 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Evaluation of several indices for assessment of coyote (Canis latrans) body composition

Author(s)
Huot, Jean, Marie-Lazarine Poulle and Michel Crete
Pages
1620-1624
Year
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Fat (total or %) 12.08 body fat content 7.36 SD 1.70 - 26.72 % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Quebec 22 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Densities of coyotes at the interface of Saguaro National Monument and Tucson, Arizona

Author(s)
McClure, Mark F., Norman S. Smith and William W. Shaw
Pages
83-86
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density range over 6 counting periods 3.2 - 4.6 #/km2 Both Male and Female Not Reported Saguaro National Monument 28-40/period Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Age distribution and weights of coyotes in northwestern Texas

Author(s)
Meinzer, Wyman P. and Fred S. Guthery
Pages
275-278
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 7.9 (0.5yr); 9.8 (1.5 yr); 11.0 (2.5 yr); 11.5(3.5 yr); 10.8 (4.5 yr); 11.6 (5.5 yr); 10.4 (6.5 yr); 10.9 (>7.5 yr) average body weights at various ages kg Female Both Adults and Juveniles King and Knox counties 3 - 121/age Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 8.2 (0.5yr); 10.4 (1.5 yr); 12.8 (2.5 yr); 13.2 (3.5 yr); 13.7 (4.5 yr); 12.5 (5.5 yr); 12.1 (6.5 yr); 12.6 (>7.5 yr) average body weights at various ages kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles King and Knox counties 8 - 76/age Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal variation in body mass and composition of eastern coyotes

Author(s)
Poulle, Marie Lazarine, Michel Crete and Jean Huot
Pages
1625 - 1633
Year
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Fat (total or %) 9.5 1.3 3.4 - 25.2 % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Quebec 36 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Fat (total or %) 16.8 1.8 5.3 - 34.8 % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Quebec Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in Iowa

Author(s)
Andrews, Ronald D. and Edward K. Boggess
Pages
249-265
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Jan. - Apr. breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size range of 5 yearly averages 5.12 - 6.90 pups/litter Female Adult 5 yrs Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 60.9 mean survival rate estimated from population age structure data % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition rabbits (51.0%); mice (12.3%); other mammals (8.0%); birds (2.7%); plants (0.3%); misc. (0.2%) % volume of food items in stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 222 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Berg, William E. and Robert A. Chesness
Pages
229-247
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition deer (41.8%); livestock (23.3%); mice (3.6%); porcupine (4.0%); snowshoe hare (12.8%); striped skunk (2.0%); red squirrel (0.7%); muskrat (1.8%); beaver (0.6%); racoon (0.2%); ruffed grouse (1.0%); bird (0.1%); poultry (1.4%); unknown (2.0%) % weight of item in stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported Aitkin and Itasca counties 1204 Exposure Factor Datasets
Longevity oldest age; less than 1% of population 9 - 12 yrs Not Reported Adult Aitkin and Itasca counties 960 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of average weights 12 - 13 kg Male Adult Aitkin and Itasca counties Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of average weights 11 - 12 kg Female Adult Aitkin and Itasca counties Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of average weights 10 - 11 kg Both Male and Female Juvenile Aitkin and Itasca counties Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal Oct. - Nov. Both Male and Female Juvenile Aitkin and Itasca counties Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 68 km2 Male Adult Aitkin and Itasca counties 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 16 km2 Female Adult Aitkin and Itasca counties 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range prior to dispersal 5 - 8 km2 Both Male and Female Juvenile Aitkin and Itasca counties 50 Exposure Factor Datasets

Sterna antillarum

Citation:

Molt-breeding overlap and timing of pre-basic molt in Texas least terns

Author(s)
Thompson, Bruce C. and R. Douglas Slack
Pages
187-190
Year
Issue
2
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Molt May-Jul timing of primary molt Not Reported Adult coastal areas 190 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Molt mid/late Jul-Sep timing of pre-basic molt Not Reported Adult coastal areas Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Sterna antillarum ssp. browni

Citation:

Status of the least tern at Camp Pendleton, California

Author(s)
Swickard, Deane K.
Pages
49-58
Year
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal late Aug-Sep timing of departure from breeding areas Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles Santa Margarita River at Camp Pendleton 4 nesting areas, 2 years Exposure Factor Datasets
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