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Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | 0.5390 | survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 | 0.0228 (SE) | Male | Juvenile | Northern California | 11,372 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality | 0.3948 | survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 | 0.0458 (SE) | Male | Juvenile | Central California | 1,396 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality | 0.5447 | survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 | 0.0128 (SE) | Female | Adult | Northern California | 13,704 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality | 0.5462 | survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 | 0.0561 (SE) | Female | Adult | Central California | 1,240 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality | 0.5626 | survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 | 0.0445 (SE) | Female | Juvenile | Central California | 8,205 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality | 0.3948 | survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 | 0.0458 (SE) | Female | Juvenile | Central California | 1,396 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Growth Rate | 222 | maximum growth rate based on body weight | g/wk | Male | Juvenile | 63 | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Growth Rate | 195 | maximum growth rate based on body weight | g/wk | Female | Juvenile | 72 | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Food Ingestion Rate | 376.2 | food intake of 8 week old mallards | 25.6 (SE) | g/wk | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 15 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate | 191 | metabolized energy in 8 week old mallards | kcal/d | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 15 | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Body Weight - Mean | 936.1 | mean body weight of 8 week old mallards | g | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 15 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Dipodomys sp (8-18%), Perognathus sp (4-29%), insects (53-75%), crayfish (0-9%), reptiles (0-5%), birds (0-1%) | frequency of occurence in pellets | Both Male and Female | Adult | Coachella Valley | 3 burrows | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | vertebrates (14.3%), invertebrates (85.7%) | percent of diet based on pellet analysis | Both Male and Female | Adult | Malheur county | 150 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | breeding season density based on roadside censuses | 12-13 | birds/mi^2 | Both Male and Female | Adult | Imperial Valley | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Population Density | fall/winter season density based on roadside censuses | 3-4 | birds/mi^2 | Both Male and Female | Adult | Imperial Valley | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 925 | estimate of number of pairs in census area | pairs/43,235 km^2 | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | San Francisco Bay and Central Valley areas | 198 UTM blocks censused | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 50-57% | percent of occupied nests that fledged young | Both Male and Female | Adult | Gilliam, Morrow, and Umatilla counties | 63-76 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition | arthropods (92%), vertebrates (8%) | percent occurrence in diet based on pellet analysis | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Gilliam, Morrow, and Umatilla counties | 5,559 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | vertebrate (86.7%), invertebrate (13.3%) | diet composition by percent biomass in pellets | Both Male and Female | Adult | Columbia Basin | pellets 5,559 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition | vertebrate (89.9%), invertebrate (10.1%) | diet composition by percent biomass in pellets | Both Male and Female | Adult | Columbia Basin | 769 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 8-12 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | Umatillo and Morrow counties | 4 burrows | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Hatching Success | based on number of young observed at burrow | 80-91 | % | Both Male and Female | Hatchling | Umatillo and Morrow counties | 4 burrows | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Time of Mating/ Laying | April | Female | Adult | Umatillo and Morrow counties | 4 burrows | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 7.8 | based on Christmas bird counts 1954-1986 | 2.3 (SD) | per 1,000 mi | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 2 | pairs/6669 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Columbia River | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 2.5 | young/occupied nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | Columbia River | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | mammals (85), insects (170), birds (3), spiders (0), reptiles (1) | number of prey items found in sample pellets | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Crooked River National Grassland | 60 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition | mammals (28), insects (22) | number of prey items found in sample pellets | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Crooked River National Grassland | 20 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition | mammals (414), insects (259), birds (3), spiders (2) | number of prey items found in sample pellets | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Crooked River National Grassland | 228 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition | mammals (50), insects (108), birds (1) | number of prey items found in sample pellets | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Crooked River National Grassland | 39 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 78 | total number of young observed on study site | young/study site | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | Albuquerque | 15 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 4.9 | fledglings/pair | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | Albuquerque | 15 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Time of Migration or Dispersal | August (begin) | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Albuquerque | 15 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Time of Mating/ Laying | third week of March (begin) | Female | Adult | Albuquerque | 15 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 146 | 1.9 (SE) | g | Male | Adult | Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Area | 38 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Body Weight - Mean | 156 | 3.6 (SE) | g | Female | Adult | Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Area | 31 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Clutch or Litter Size | 4.38 | mean productivity | 2-10 | chicks/nesting territory | Both Male and Female | Adult | Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Area | 33 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | mammals (18.9%), birds (3.9%), insects (29.9%), vegetation (71.3%) | mean percent occurrence in pellets | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Oakland Airport | 209 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition | mammals (31.4%), birds (5.9%), insects (28.6%), vegetation (61.0%) | mean percent occurrence in pellets | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Oakland Airport | 608 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition | mammals (41.2%), birds (2.0%), insects (23.3%), vegetation (55.5%) | mean percent occurrence in pellets | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Oakland Airport | 366 pellets | Exposure Factor Datasets |