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Egretta thula (Snowy Egret)

Citation:

Birds of rice fields in the Americas.

Author(s)
Acosta, M., Mugica, L., Blanco, D., López-Lanús, B., Dias, R.A., Doodnath, L.W. and Hurtado, J.
Issue
1
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Location Sample Size Type
Population Density Review: 4.507 Relative abundance See citation Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density Review: 1.32 Relative abundance See citation Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density Review: 285 Birds/ha See citation Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density Review: 1217 Birds/ha See citation Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density Review: 43 Birds/ha See citation Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density Review: 325 Birds/ha See citation Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 2.92 Mean relative abundance of 10 countires in the Americas 2.49 Cuba, Trinidad/Tobogo, Costa Rica, Argentina, Uruguay, Suriname, Brazil Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Wading bird predation at tropical aquaculture facilities in central Florida.

Author(s)
Avery, M.L., Eiselman, D.S., Young, M.K., Humphrey, J.S. and Decker, D.G.
Issue
1
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition Pterophyllum scalare, Ziphophorus maculatus, Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrod, Megalamphodus megalopterus, Poecilia reticulata, Helostoma temmincki, Puntius tetrazona, Epalzerohycnhos erythrurus, Hypostomus spp. Fish species consumed from aquaculture ponds B Not Reported Four commercial aquacutlure operations, Central Florida See citation Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Reproductive success of colonial tree-nesting waterbirds in Prairie Pothole Wetlands and rivers throughout Northeastern South Dakota.

Author(s)
Baker, N.J., Dieter, C.D. and Bakker, K.K.
Issue
1
Volume
174
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2008: 2.86, 2009: 3.00, mean: 2.94 2008: 0.15, 2009: 0.11, mean: 0.09 Eggs/nest Embryo NE South Dakota 2008: 22, 2009: 29 nests, mean: 25.5 Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 2008: 88.0, 2009: 80.6 Nest success % Hatchling NE South Dakota 2008: 25, 2009: 36 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 2008: 87.5, 2009: 77.8 Fledge success % Fledgling NE South Dakota 2008: 25, 2009: 36 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 2.3 Mean fledged/nest 0.16 No. young fledged/nest Fledgling NE South Dakota 2008: 25, 2009: 36 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
2.8 Mean fledged/successful nest 0.11 No. young fledged/nest Fledgling NE South Dakota 2008: 25, 2009: 36 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
2.8 Mean fledged/successfully fledged nest 0.09 No. young fledged/nest Fledgling NE South Dakota 2008: 25, 2009: 36 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nestling diet of three sympatrically nesting wading bird species in the Florida Everglades.

Author(s)
Boyle, R.A., Dorn, N.J. and Cook, M.I.
Issue
1
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition Crayfish: 15, small-bodies fishes: 90, larged-bodied fishes: 35, shrimp: 40, aquatic insects: 10, terrestrial insects: 10, garbage: 5, other vertebrates: 0 Prey category Frequency of use, % Nestling Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, Palm Beach County 20 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Changes in the nesting populations of colonial waterbirds in Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, New York, 1974–1998.

Author(s)
Brown, K.M., Tims, J.L., Erwin, R.M. and Richmond, M.E.
Issue
3
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density See citation Figure 6B Nesting pairs over time Nesting pairs/yr Adult Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, Long Island See citation Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Mercury concentrations in nestling wading birds relative to diet in the southeastern United States: a stable isotope analysis.

Author(s)
Bryan, A.L., Brant, H.A., Jagoe, C.H., Romanek, C.S. and Brisbin, I.L.
Issue
1
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 0.4 kg B Nestling Georgia & South Carolina 10 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Foraging energetics of great egrets and snowy egrets.

Author(s)
Brzorad, J.N., Maccarone, A.D. and Conley, K.J.
Issue
3
Volume
75
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Food Ingestion Rate See ciation Figure 2 Foraging success Fish capture/strike NR Adult New Jersey & New York Not reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition Mummichog: 47, shore shrimp: 47, Atlantic silverside: 6 % total NR Adult New Jersey & New York Not reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Diversity, Abundance and Nesting Phenology of the Wading Birds of Bahía Kino, Sonora, México.

Author(s)
Clark, E.W., Fleishman, A.B. and Riegner, M.F.
Issue
4
Volume
38
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Location Type
Population Density 2009: 132, 2010: 216, 2011: 150, 2012: 30, 2013: 11 Nests from flight rates & direct counts No. nests Adult Bahia Kino, Sonora Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Growth rates of great egret, snowy egret and black-crowned night-heron chicks.

Author(s)
Custer, T.W. and Peterson Jr, D.W.
Issue
1
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Growth Rate By hatching order: A: 14.1, B: 11.4, C: 9.7 Mass gain/day By hatching order: A: 0.9, B: 1.5, C: 2.9 g/d B Chick Lavaca Bay island, Calhoun County 5 Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate By hatching order: A: 4.4, B: 3.8, C: 2.9 Forearm growth By hatching order: A:0.3, B: 0.6, C: 0.7 mm/d B Chick Lavaca Bay island, Calhoun County 5 Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate By hatching order: A: 2.8, B: 2.6, C: 2.0 Trasus growth By hatching order: A: 0.1, B: 0.3, C: 0.5 mm/d B Chick Lavaca Bay island, Calhoun County 5 Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate By hatching order: A: 2.0, B: 1.7, C: 1.4 Culmen growth By hatching order: A: 0.1, B: 0.1, C: 0.2 mm/d B Chick Lavaca Bay island, Calhoun County 5 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Reproductive success, growth and survival of Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) and Snowy Egret (Egretta thula) chicks in coastal Virginia.

Author(s)
Erwin, R.M., Haig, J.G., Stotts, D.B. and Hatfield, J.S.
Issue
1
Volume
113
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 1 to 5 Eggs/nest B Embryo Marsh islands near Chincoteague 1992: 22, 1993: 48 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate See citation Table 3 Mass gain/day g/d B Embryo Marsh islands near Chincoteague 1992: 22, 1993: 48 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate See citation Table 3 Culmen growth mm/d B Embryo Marsh islands near Chincoteague 1992: 22, 1993: 48 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal 56.3 Chick age at dispersal 5.6 d B Chick Marsh islands near Chincoteague 22 Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal 53 3.7 d B Chick Marsh islands near Chincoteague 20 Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 0.919 Weekly estimated survival rate 0.038 B Chick Marsh islands near Chincoteague Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 0.833 0.042 B Chick Marsh islands near Chincoteague Exposure Factor Datasets
Foraging Distance Dispersal movement 37.2 to 52.5 km B Juvenile Marsh islands near Chincoteague 31 Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal Review Age at dispersal d B Juvenile Marsh islands near Chincoteague Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dispersal and habitat use by post-fledging juvenile Snowy Egrets and Black-crowned Night-herons.

Author(s)
Erwin, R.M., Haig, J.G., Stotts, D.B. and Hatfield, J.S.
Issue
2
Volume
108
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Territory Size Day 5: 97.0, days 15-45: 121.3, day 60: 124.9 Dispersal movement Day 5: 66.7, days 15-45: 61.5, day 60: 53.9 km B Juvenile Saltmarsh islands, Chincoteague 8 Exposure Factor Datasets
Territory Size Day 5: 37.2, day 15: 50.6, days 30-60: 52.5 Dispersal movement Day 5: 30.2, day 15: 35.6, days 30-60: 39.4 km B Juvenile Saltmarsh islands, Chincoteague 11 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorine residues, eggshell thickness, and reproductive success of Snowy Egrets nesting in Idaho.

Author(s)
Findholt, S.L.
Issue
2
Volume
86
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Hatching Success 62 Percent laid that hatched % Embryo Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge 316 Exposure Factor Datasets

Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Body composition of female mallards in winter in relation to annual cycle events

Author(s)
Heitmeyer, Mickey E.
Pages
669-680
Year
Volume
90
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Fat (total or %) 104 10 SE g (lipid) Female Both Adults and Juveniles Mingo Basin 17 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Fat (total or %) 134 7 SE g (lipid) Female Both Adults and Juveniles Mingo Basin 12 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Fat (total or %) 111 8 SE g (lipid) Female Both Adults and Juveniles Mingo Basin 9 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Fat (total or %) 145 7 SE g (lipid) Female Both Adults and Juveniles Mingo Basin 19 Exposure Factor Datasets
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OEHHA California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment