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Mephitis mephitis

Citation:

Physical characteristics of striped skunks in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Fuller, Todd K., David W. Kuehn, Pamela L. Coy and Randy K. Markl
Pages
371-374
Year
Issue
2
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 2.85 0.22 SE 1.50-4.25 kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles Bearville study area; Itasca county 15 animals Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 2.05 0.38 SE 1.40-3.35 kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles Bearville study area; Itasca county 5 animals Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Care, management, and biology of captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Wade-Smith Julia and Milo E. Richmond
Pages
575-584
Year
Issue
5
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 4.38 2.38 SD pups/litter Female Adult 48 females Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 3.83 1.97 SD pups/litter Female Juvenile 29 females Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 8 8-10 weeks Both Male and Female Pup 2-12 litters Exposure Factor Datasets
Longevity 6 years Not Reported Adult Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 59.81 mortality 0-2 months % Both Male and Female Pup 321 pups Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Die Aufzucht von Skunks im Berliner Zoologischen Garten

Author(s)
Kloess, Hans-Georg
Pages
214-217
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 63 days Both Male and Female Embryo 1 animal Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal food of skunks in New York

Author(s)
Hamilton, W. J.
Pages
240-246
Year
Issue
3
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition Fruit 26.7; mammals 19.6; insects 6.8; grasses, leaves, buds 10.8; Carrion 13.5; grains, nuts 11.3; garbage 6.8; earthworms 0.9; birds 1.9; reptiles, amphibians 1.4; crustaceans 0.3; mollusks trace % by bulk; stomach analysis % 1067 animals Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition insects 43.06; fruits 27.56; mammals 16.25; grains 8.69; Carrion 1.76; Birds 1.46; reptiles, amphibians 1.14. frequency %; stomach and fecal analysis % 570 fecal analyses; 50 stomach analyses Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Reproduction of the striped skunk in New York

Author(s)
Hamilton, W. J.
Pages
123-124
Year
Issue
1
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean newborn 33.5-35.5 g Female Neonate 3 embryos Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 5.8 examination of reproductive tract 3-8 embryos Female Neonate 40 females Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Insect food of skunks

Author(s)
Kelker, George Hills
Pages
164-170
Year
Issue
2
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition insects; % by volume; scat analysis 53.5-70.1 % Not Reported Not Reported 952 scats Exposure Factor Datasets

Ammospermophilus nelsoni

Citation:

Food and moisture requirements of the Nelson antelope ground squirrel

Author(s)
Hawbecker, Albert C.
Pages
115-125
Year
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition see citation figure of monthly % food types in stomach contents % Not Reported Adult Los Banos (elev., 200-500') and Mendota (elev., 400-500') Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Survival and home range in the Nelson antelope ground squirrel

Author(s)
Hawbecker, Albert C.
Pages
207-215
Year
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Longevity maximum observed age 5 -6 yr Not Reported Adult Panoche (elev., 1200') Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Hatching or Parturition Mar. Not Reported Neonate Panoche (elev., 1200') Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 11 "normal" home range estimated as area enclosed by points of capture acres Not Reported Adult Panoche (elev., 1200') 240 squirrel trapped Exposure Factor Datasets

Perognathus longimembris

Citation:

Seasonal reproductive patterns in five coexisting California desert rodent species

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
371-397
Year
Issue
4
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 4 g Both Male and Female Juvenile Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 3 wk Female Adult Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Dipodomys merriami

Citation:

Seasonal reproductive patterns in five coexisting California desert rodent species

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
371-397
Year
Issue
4
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 17 g Both Male and Female Juvenile Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparative ecology of sympatric Dipodomys agilis and Dipodomys merriami in southern California

Author(s)
McClenaghan, Leroy R.
Pages
175-185
Year
Issue
14
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Longevity 8.3 mean length of life at study site mo Both Male and Female Not Reported Jacumba (elev., 988 m) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal water and energy metabolism of the desert dwelling kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Author(s)
Nagy, Kenneth A. and M.J. Gruchacz
Pages
1461-1478
Year
Issue
6
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Water Ingestion Rate log10(WI) = 0.652log10(BW) - 0.549 equation relating whole-animal water influx (WI) to body weight (BW, g); r^2 = 0.206 ml water/d Not Reported Not Reported Kelso Sand Dunes (elev., 830-840 m) [lat., 34^o53'30"N, long., 115^o40'20"W] 4-9 per mo/15 mo Exposure Factor Datasets
Metabolic Rate log10(L CO2/d) = 0.845log10(BW) - 1.005 field metabolic rate; equation relating whole animal carbon dioxide production rates to body weight (BW, g); r^2=0.466 L CO2/d Not Reported Not Reported Kelso Sand Dunes (elev., 830-840 m) [lat., 34^o53'30"N, long., 115^o40'20"W] 4-9 per mo/15 mo Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition seed (77%); vegetation (18%); arthropod (4.5%); feces (0.5%) % of total dry matter of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported Kelso Sand Dunes (elev., 830-840 m) [lat., 34^o53'30"N, long., 115^o40'20"W] 4-9 per mo/15 mo Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The ecology of Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami Mearns) on the grazing of lands of southern Arizona

Author(s)
Reynolds, Hudson G.
Pages
112-127
Year
Issue
2
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.02 1 - 3 embryos/female Female Adult Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 0.466 acres Male Adult Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 0.373 acres Female Adult Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 0.243 acres Both Male and Female Juvenile Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Consumption of herbaceaous vegetation and water during reproduction and development of Merriam's Kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Soholt, Lars F.
Pages
445-457
Year
Issue
2
Volume
98
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Fat (total or %) see citation figure of seasonal changes in % body fat % Both Male and Female Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of seasonal changes in weight g Both Male and Female Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate see citation figure of daily food intake g/d Female Adult captured in Clark County, NV 4-16 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Consumption of primary production by a population of kangaroo rats (Dipodomys merriami) in the Mojave desert

Author(s)
Soholt, Lars F.
Pages
357-376
Year
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean range of 4 seasonal means 36.4 - 40.5 g Not Reported Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument 20-42/season Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Fat (total or %) range of 4 seasonal means of fat content (% live weight) 3.1 - 3.8 % Not Reported Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument 20-42/season Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Population Ecology of a desert rodent: Dipodomys merriami in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Zeng, Zongyong and James H. Brown
Pages
1328-1340
Year
Issue
5
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Growth Rate see citation figure of logistic growth curve for changes in body weight over time Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning < 1 mo Both Male and Female Juvenile Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2 estimated by palpation young/litter Female Adult Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Scapanus latimanus

Citation:

Feeding habits of the southern California mole

Author(s)
Grim, John Norman
Pages
265-268
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 55.0 50.2 - 59.5 g Not Reported Not Reported 6 Exposure Factor Datasets
Water Ingestion Rate 5 - 10 cc/24 hr Not Reported Not Reported 4 Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate see citation figure of % dog food or earthworms ingested/body weight over 20 d Not Reported Not Reported 4 Exposure Factor Datasets

Mustela frenata

Citation:

Growth and behavior of a litter of captive long-tailed weasels

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C.
Pages
412-415
Year
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Food Ingestion Rate 22 % body weight consumed/d Both Male and Female Juvenile captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada 7 Exposure Factor Datasets
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