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Pelecanus occidentalis ssp. californicus

Citation:

Brown pelicans in central and northern California

Author(s)
Briggs, Kenneth T., Wm. Breck Tyler, David B. Lewis, Paul R. Kelly and Donald A. Croll
Pages
353-373
Year
Issue
4
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density 0.23 mean density at sea off central and northern coast 0.23 SE birds/km^2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles central and northern coast 3 years Exposure Factor Datasets

Aechmophorus occidentalis

Citation:

The diving and feeding activity of the western grebe on the breeding grounds

Author(s)
Lawrence, George E.
Pages
3-16
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition Ascaradina (3), Gastropoda (10, Orthoptera (2), Hemiptera (2), Diptera (1), Coleoptera (4), Siluridae (4), Centrarchidae (77), plant (4) % of total stomach content volume % Not Reported Adult Clear Lake 27 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate 22.4 estimated mass of fish consumed daily, based on stomach contents g Not Reported Adult Clear Lake 1 bird Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Estimation and testing of parametersin Richard's growth model for western grebes

Author(s)
White, Gary C. and John T. Ratti
Pages
315-323
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Growth Rate -0.1321 growth rate coefficient estimate based on Richard's growth model Both Male and Female Juvenile Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge (collection site) 4 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean estimated initial weights 27.524-30.510 g Both Male and Female Juvenile Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge (collection site) 4 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean estimates of asymptotic weights 1065.4-1120.9 g Both Male and Female Juvenile Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge (collection site) 4 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Western grebe, Aechmophorus occidentalis, wintering biology and contaminant accumulation in Commencement Bay, Puget Sound, Washington

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J., Lawrence J. Blus and Robert A. Grove
Pages
460-472
Year
Issue
3
Volume
104
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean range of mean body weights 1530-1583 g Male Both Adults and Juveniles Commencement Bay 18 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of mean body weights 1108-1406 g Female Both Adults and Juveniles Commencement Bay 22 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nesting ecology and production of western grebes at Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah

Author(s)
Lindvall, Mark L. and Jessop B. Low
Pages
66-70
Year
Issue
1
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Mating/ Laying early July peak of laying period Female Adult Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge 386 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 24 incubation period 21-28 d Both Male and Female Embryo Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge 14 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.6 mean clutch size 1-4 eggs Female Adult Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge 70 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 21% percent of nests located in emergent vegetationin which at least one chick hatched Both Male and Female Hatchling Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge 221 nests Exposure Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris ssp. levipes

Citation:

Foraging behavior and foods of the light-footed clapper rail

Author(s)
Zembal, Richard and Jack M. Fancher
Pages
959-962
Year
Volume
90
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition crabs, California horn snails, isopods, crayfish, decapods, beetles prey items in regurgitated pellets, in order of frequency of occurence Not Reported Adult upper Newport Bay 18 pellets Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition amphipods, garden snails, crane flies, house mice, California voles unquantified dietary items identified in regurgitated pellets Not Reported Adult upper Newport Bay Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nesting habitat of the light-footed clapper rail in southern California

Author(s)
Massey, Barbara W., Richard Zembal and Paul D. Jorgensen
Pages
67-80
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 6.55 mean clutch size (1 year) 0.19 SE 5-8 Female Adult Tijuana Marsh, Upper Newport and Anaheim Bays 33 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 81% proportion of nests in which at least one egg hatched Both Male and Female Hatchling Tijuana Marsh, Upper Newport and Anaheim Bays 130 nests Exposure Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris ssp. yumanensis

Citation:

Foods of western clapper rails

Author(s)
Ohmart, R.D. and R.E. Tomlinson
Pages
332-336
Year
Issue
2
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition crayfish (94.67%), ground beetle (0.11%), unident. beetle (0.56%), weevils (2.78%), damselfly nymphs (0.11%), grasshoppers (0.11%), insect eggs (.11%), unident. parts (0.78%), spider (0.56%), seeds (0.11%), corbicula (0.06%), unident. mammal bone (0.06%) dietary item occurence by volume in stomach contents Not Reported Adult Topock Marsh to Imperial Lake 9 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition isopoda (48.5%), unident. parts (1.50%), corbicula (50.00%) dietary item occurence by volume in stomach contents Not Reported Adult Gila/Colorado River confluence 2 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition shrimp (0.25%), water beetle (56.50%), dragonfly nymphs (0.50%), damselfly nymphs (2.00%), leech (3.75%), unident. fish (31.75%) dietary item occurence by volume in stomach contents Not Reported Adult Colorado Delta 4 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal changes in Yuma clapper rail vocalization rate and habitat use

Author(s)
Conway, Courtney J., William R. Eddlemen, Stanley H. Anderson and Louis R. Hanebury
Pages
282-290
Year
Issue
2
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Home Range 24 mean home range size ha Not Reported Adult lower Colorado River Valley 6 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 8 mean home range size ha Not Reported Adult lower Colorado River Valley 5 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 7 mean home range size ha Not Reported Adult lower Colorado River Valley 18 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 15 mean home range size ha Not Reported Adult lower Colorado River Valley 16 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 9 mean home range size ha Not Reported Adult lower Colorado River Valley 4 birds Exposure Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris ssp. obsoletus

Citation:

A study of the California clapper rail

Author(s)
Zucca, Joseph J.
Pages
135-153
Year
Volume
12
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density range of mean population densities 0.98-1.21 birds/acre Not Reported Not Reported Dumbarton Bridge Marsh 1 marsh Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Nesting April beginning of nesting Not Reported Not Reported Dumbarton Bridge Marsh 1 marsh Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 7.22 mean clutch size 5-9 Not Reported Not Reported Dumbarton Bridge Marsh 27 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation estimated incubation period in field 23-27 d Not Reported Not Reported Dumbarton Bridge Marsh 3 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Status and distribution of the California clapper rail (Rallus longirostris obsoletus)

Author(s)
Gill, Robert Jr.
Pages
36-49
Year
Issue
1
Volume
65
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density range of mean densities 0.3-1.6 birds/ha Both Male and Female Adult San Francisco Bay 5 sites Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density range of mean densities 0.1-1.1 birds/ha Both Male and Female Adult San Francisco Bay 5 sites Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Notes on the food of the California clapper rail

Author(s)
Moffitt, James
Pages
270-273
Year
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition Modiolus demissus (56.5%), Lycosidae (15%), Macoma balthica (7.6%), Hemigrapsis oregonensis (3.2%), Hyanassa obsoleta (2%), Spartina leiantha (14.55%) Volumetric percentage of food items in stomach contents Not Reported Not Reported San Francisco Bay 18 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets

Rallus longirostris

Citation:

Body water and water flux in fresh water and sea-water acclimated clapper rails, Rallus longirostris

Author(s)
Hammons, Ralph L., Maryanne R. Hughes and Ralph R. Moldenhauer
Pages
539-541
Year
Issue
3
Volume
91
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 279.7 mean body weight in sea-water acclimated birds 6.9 g Not Reported Adult High Island, Chambers Co. 16 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 261.7 mean body weight in fresh water acclimated birds 8.4 g Not Reported Adult High Island, Chambers Co. 8 Exposure Factor Datasets

Pelecanus occidentalis

Citation:

Weight growth of young double-crested cormorants in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec

Author(s)
Desgranges, Jean-Luc
Pages
79-86
Year
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 3.2 mean clutch size among successful nests 0.2 SE eggs Female Adult St. Lawrence estuary 32 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 2.8 proportion of eggs hatched per nest among successful nests 0.2 SE eggs/nest Both Male and Female Hatchling St. Lawrence estuary 32 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 2.3 fledging rate among successful nests 0.2 fledglings/nest Both Male and Female Fledgling St. Lawrence estuary 32 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate 90.5 growth rate during maximum growth phase 1.8 SE g/day Both Male and Female Nestling St. Lawrence estuary 65 chicks Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 27.6 hatch weight 1.2 SE g Both Male and Female Hatchling St. Lawrence estuary 11 chicks Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 1698.4 asymptotic weight (40 days) 35.2 SE g Both Male and Female Nestling St. Lawrence estuary 65 chicks Exposure Factor Datasets

Empidonax traillii

Citation:

Livestock management and productivity of willow flycatchers in the central Sierra Nevada

Author(s)
Valentine, Bradley E., Thomas A. Roberts, Stephen P. Boland and A. Peter Woodman
Pages
105-114
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size range of clutch sizes 3-4 eggs Female Adult Sierra National Forest 6 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
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