LEAD (elemental)

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Birds, Terrestrial birds, Passeriformes, American Robin (Turdus migratorius)

Citation:

Lead bioaccessibility in food web intermediates and the influence on ecological risk characterization.

Author(s)
Kaufman, C.A., Bennett, J.R., Koch, I. and Reimer, K.J.
Issue
16
Volume
41
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
LEAD (elemental) Soil: 53; earthworm: 73 Bioaccessible fraction of Pb in soil vs. earthworms (modeled) NR Not Reported See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Lead exposure and poisoning of songbirds using the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho, USA.

Author(s)
Hansen, J.A., Audet, D., Spears, B.L., Healy, K.A., Brazzle, R.E., Hoffman, D.J., Dailey, A. and Beyer, W.N.
Issue
4
Volume
7
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sample Size Location Type Countries
LEAD (elemental) High: 3.64; moderate: 2.32; reference: 0.24 mg/kg dw Blood concentration High: 33; moderate: 12; reference: 6 Coeur d'Alene River Basin Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) High: 11.7; moderate: 2.90; reference: 0.37 mg/kg dw Liver concentration High: 6; moderate: 2; reference: 4 Coeur d'Alene River Basin Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Toxic exposure of songbirds to lead in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District.

Author(s)
Beyer, W.N., Franson, J.C., French, J.B., May, T., Rattner, B.A., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Warner, S.E., Weber, J. and Mosby, D.
Issue
3
Volume
65
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 33.6; reference: 3.41 mg/kg dw Liver concentration NR Not Reported Mining district: 6; reference: 7 Mining: southeast MO Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 453; reference: 20.1 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration NR Not Reported Mining district: 6; reference: 7 Mining: southeast MO Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 7.36; reference: 1.42 mg/kg dw Blood concentration NR Not Reported Mining district: 6; reference: 7 Mining: southeast MO Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Zinc and lead poisoning in wild birds in the Tri-State Mining District (Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri).

Author(s)
Beyer, W.N., Dalgarn, J., Dudding, S., French, J.B., Mateo, R., Miesner, J., Sileo, L. and Spann, J.
Issue
1
Volume
48
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
LEAD (elemental) 12 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 34 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 2.2 mg/kg dw Blood concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 25 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 45 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 2.7 mg/kg dw Blood concentration Juvenile 1 37 degrees 09.86'N, 94 degrees 28.78'W Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 65; reference sites: 188 Pb-sensitive enzyme activity ALAD NR Mining district: 6; reference sites: 4 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 9.3; reference: 5.1 mg/kg dw Liver concentration Mining district: 10; reference: 6 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 20; reference: 8.9 mg/kg dw Kidney concentration Mining district: 10; reference: 6 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Mining district: 1.7; reference: 0.86 mg/kg dw Blood concentration Mining district: 6; reference sites: 4 See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets USA

Fish, Estuarine and saltwater fish (Gobiiformes), Longjaw mudsucker (Gillichthys mirabilis)

Citation:

Lead accumulation rates in tissues of the estuarine teleost fish, Gillichthys mirabilis: salinity and temperature effects.

Author(s)
Somero, G.N., Chow, T.J., Yancey, P.H. and Snyder, C.B.
Issue
1
Volume
6
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
LEAD (elemental) 1: 9.23, 2: 1.70, 3: 4.86, 4: 1.64, 5: 11.82, 6: 2.96, 7: 8.77, 3X: 1.04 ug/g dw Gill concentration NR Not Reported Not reported Estuaries/sloughs of Tia Juana River Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) Increased with decreasing salinity Effect of salinity on accumulation; see Table 3 NR Not Reported NR Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) 1: 15.74, 2: 2.03, 3: 4.90, 4: 5.03, 5: 6.94, 6: 3.42, 7: 7.93, 3X: 1.92 ug/g dw Fin concentration NR Not Reported Not reported Estuaries/sloughs of Tia Juana River Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) See Figure 1 Tissue specific uptake as function of exposure time NR Not Reported NR Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) 1: 3.53, 2: 1.33, 3: 0.92, 4: 1.90, 5: 6.64, 6: 1.70, 7: 2.81, 3X: 0.73 ug/g dw Intestine concentration NR Not Reported Not reported Estuaries/sloughs of Tia Juana River Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) 1: 2.90, : 0.60, 3: 1.43, 4: 0.75, 5: 2.94, 6: 1.34, 7: 2.28, 3X: 0.60 ug/g dw Skin concentration NR Not Reported Not reported Estuaries/sloughs of Tia Juana River Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) 1: 7.86, 2: 1.12; 3: 3.34, 4: 3.47, 5: 3.99, 6: 3.06, 7: 2.69, 3X: 1.39 ug/g dw Vertebrae concentration NR Not Reported Not reported Estuaries/sloughs of Tia Juana River Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) 1: 1.21, 2: 0.23, 3: 0.72, 4: 0.68, 5: 2.66, 6: 0.31, 7: 0.42, 3X: 0.49 ug/g dw Liver concentration NR Not Reported Not reported Estuaries/sloughs of Tia Juana River Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) 1: 1.04, 2: 0.14, 3: 0.14, 4: 1.86, 5: 1.22, 6: 0.23, 7: 0.33, 3X: 0.11 ug/g dw Muscle concentration NR Not Reported Not reported Estuaries/sloughs of Tia Juana River Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) A: 31.24, B: 20.30, C: 18.78, D: 14.08, E: 20.85 Spleen concentration NR Not Reported 6 Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) A: 21.78, B: 19.32, C: 28.81, D: 17.60, E: 16.85 Gill concentration NR Not Reported 6 Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) A: 24.55, B: 18.27, C: 24.39, D: 18.48, E: 18.53 Fin concentration NR Not Reported 6 Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) A: 13.77, B: 13.24, C: 13.16, D: 13.91, E: 10.46 Intestine concentration NR Not Reported 6 Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) A: 7.14, B: 7.53, C: 8.37, D: 7.95, E: 6.98 Skin concentration NR Not Reported 6 Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) A: 13.73, B: 11.69, C: 17.98, D: 12.72, E: 13.66 Vertebrae concentration NR Not Reported 6 Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) A: 1.41, B: 1.72, C: 3.42, D: 1.19, E: 1.05 Liver concentration NR Not Reported 6 Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) A: 0.65, B: 0.55, C: 0.71, D: 0.75, E: 0.73 Muscle concentration NR Not Reported 6 Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) 1: 4.52, 2: 2.6, 3: 2.41, 4: 10.81, 5: 8.71, 6: 2.52, 7: 11.66, 3X: 5.84 ug/g dw Spleen concentration NR Not Reported Not reported Estuaries/sloughs of Tia Juana River Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) A: 6.21, D: 5.38 Brain concentration NR Not Reported 15 Not reported Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
Citation:

Lead effects on tissue and whole organism respiration of the estuarine teleost fish, Gillichthys mirabilis.

Author(s)
Somero, G.N., Yancey, P.H., Chow, T.J. and Snyder, C.B.
Issue
1
Volume
6
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
LEAD (elemental) 20.4 ± 4.9 ug O2/g dw/min Inhalation rate/gill oxygen consumption NR Not Reported 9 Scripps Institute for Oceanography Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) 0 d: 0.156, 35: 0.125, 59: 0.171, 87: 0.252 mL O2/g ww/hr Inhalation rate/whole fish oxygen consumption NR Not Reported 0 d: 24, 35: 4, 59: 10, 87: 6 Scripps Institute for Oceanography Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) 0 d: 0.148, 61 (control): 0.108, 61 (dosed): 0.166 mL O2/g ww/hr Inhalation rate/whole fish oxygen consumption NR Not Reported 0 d: 12, 61 (control): 8, 61 (dosed): 0.166 Scripps Institute for Oceanography Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
Citation:

Tidal salt marsh sediment in California, USA: Part 3. Current and historic toxicity potential of contaminants and their bioaccumulation.

Author(s)
Hwang, H.M., Green, P.G. and Young, T.M.
Issue
11
Volume
71
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
LEAD (elemental) B: 0.03, D 0.09, G: 0.10, O: 0.05, Q: 0.03, R: 0.05 Head concentration NR Not Reported NR Stege Marsh Toxicity Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA
LEAD (elemental) B: 0.07, D: 0.11, G: 0.16, O: 0.12, Q: 0.11, R: 0.13 Liver concentration NR Not Reported NR Stege Marsh Toxicity Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA
LEAD (elemental) B: 0.09, D: 0.10, G: 0.06, O: 0.10, Q: 0.06, R: 0.10 Muscle concentration NR Not Reported NR Stege Marsh Toxicity Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Lab
LEAD (elemental) 0.11-0.60 µg/g Liver concentration B Adult 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 5.24 µg/g dw Liver concentration NR Not Reported 14 Chanaral, Atacama region Toxicity Factor Datasets CHILE
LEAD (elemental) 10.31 µg/g dw Kidney concentration NR Not Reported 14 Chanaral, Atacama region Toxicity Factor Datasets CHILE
LEAD (elemental) Review Bone concentration NR Not Reported 6 Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
LEAD (elemental) Review Blood concentration NR Not Reported 8 Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
LEAD (elemental) Review Liver concentration NR Not Reported 3 Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
LEAD (elemental) 6.0 µg/dL Blood concentration NR Not Reported 136 Toxicity Factor Datasets Humboldt USA
LEAD (elemental) 4 µg/dL Blood concentration NR Not Reported 52 Toxicity Factor Datasets Orange USA
LEAD (elemental) 15 µg/dL Blood concentration NR Not Reported 34 Toxicity Factor Datasets Mendocino USA
LEAD (elemental) 7 µg/dL Blood concentration NR Not Reported 39 Toxicity Factor Datasets Mendocino USA
LEAD (elemental) 14 µg/dL Blood concentration NR Not Reported 38 Toxicity Factor Datasets Monterey USA
LEAD (elemental) 6 µg/dL Blood concentration NR Not Reported 33 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) Vane & rachis: see citation Table 6 Feather concentration (flight, tail) NR Adult 1 Frontenac, Eastern Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
LEAD (elemental) 3.84 ppm ww Liver concentration NR Not Reported 1 Carcass submitted to National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory, Ashland, OR Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 7.63 µg/g dw Bone concentration NR Adult 6 Southern Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
LEAD (elemental) 2.31 µg/g dw Liver concentration NR Adult 8 Southern Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
LEAD (elemental) 6.79 µg/g dw Kidney concentration NR Adult 3 Southern Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
LEAD (elemental) Blood concentration NR Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) Kidney concentration NR Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets JAPAN
LEAD (elemental) Liver concentration NR Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets JAPAN
LEAD (elemental) Blood concentration NR Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets SPAIN
LEAD (elemental) 3.31 ± 0.65 µg/g ww Yolk concentration B Embryo 48 eggs, 12 nests Chabahar Beach Toxicity Factor Datasets IRAN
LEAD (elemental) 0.77 ± 0.20 µg/g ww Blood concentration B Embryo 48 eggs, 12 nests Chabahar Beach Toxicity Factor Datasets IRAN
LEAD (elemental) Reference intervals for blood concentration B Both Adults and Juveniles 49 Howick Group of Islands Toxicity Factor Datasets AUSTRALIA
LEAD (elemental) Review Egg yolk concentration NR Embryo 2 Haha-Jimma Island Toxicity Factor Datasets JAPAN
LEAD (elemental) Review Egg yolk concentration NR Embryo 30 Hong Kong Toxicity Factor Datasets CHINA
LEAD (elemental) 0.013 ± 0.0012 µg/g ww Egg concentration NR Embryo 12 Guadeloupe, French West Indies Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) Review Egg concentration NR Embryo 55 Peninsular Malaysia Toxicity Factor Datasets MALAYSIA
LEAD (elemental) 0.010 ± 0.0014 µg/g ww Egg yolk concentration NR Embryo 12 Guadeloupe, French West Indies Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 1.11 ± 0.06 µg/g Blood concentration B Juvenile 7 Bahia Salado Toxicity Factor Datasets CHILE
LEAD (elemental) Review Blood concentration Antofogasta region Toxicity Factor Datasets CHILE
LEAD (elemental) Review Blood concentration San Diego Bay Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
LEAD (elemental) Review Blood concentration Queensland Toxicity Factor Datasets AUSTRALIA
LEAD (elemental) Tumor score 0: 4.77, score 1: 3.77, score 2: 7.76, score 3: 11.15 µg/g dw Blood concentration F Juvenile Tumor score 0: 13, score 1: 4, score 2: 4, score 3: 6 Sao Paulo Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
LEAD (elemental) Tumor score 0: 0.98, score 1: 0.95, score 2: 1.43, score 3: 2.41 µg/g ww Blood concentration F Juvenile Tumor score 0: 13, score 1: 4, score 2: 4, score 3: 6 Sao Paulo Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
LEAD (elemental) San Pedro: <0.5, Roosevelt: 1.5, Alamo: <0.5 µg/g dw Eggshell concentration San Pedro: 2, Roosevelt: 2, Alamo: 1 Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 140 ± 38.6 ppb Liver concentration, dead-captured 17 Pine Barrens Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 352 ± 129 ppb Kidney concentration, dead-captured 15 Pine Barrens Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) Review Eggshell concentration NR Embryo 30 Hong Kong Toxicity Factor Datasets CHINA
LEAD (elemental) 0.11 mg/kg Breast muscle concentration NR Not Reported 10 Chesterfield County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 393 ± 131 ppb Muscle concentration, dead-captured 20 Pine Barrens Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) 0.03 µg/g dw, 0.006 ww Plasma concentration NR 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 1.61 µg/g Feather concentration NR Adult 36 Clear Lake Toxicity Factor Datasets Lake USA
LEAD (elemental) 172 ± 57.0 ppb Skin concentration, dead-captured 20 Pine Barrens Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) 0.003 ± 0.002 µg/g ww Egg concentration B Embryo 11 Pacific Coast Toxicity Factor Datasets PANAMA
LEAD (elemental) Increased Liver concentration NR Not Reported 8 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 86.7 ± 23.3 ppb Heart concentration, dead-captured 15 Pine Barrens Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) 3.02 ± 0.97 µg/g ww Albumen concentration B Embryo 48 eggs, 12 nests Chabahar Beach Toxicity Factor Datasets IRAN
LEAD (elemental) Increased Kidney concentration NR Not Reported 8 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) See citation Liver concentration Not Reported 12 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) 4.25 ± 0.56 µg/g ww Eggshell concentration B Embryo 48 eggs, 12 nests Chabahar Beach Toxicity Factor Datasets IRAN

Pacific Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
LEAD (elemental) Tumor score 0: 0.98, score 1: 0.95, score 2: 1.43, score 3: 2.41 µg/g ww Blood concentration Female Juvenile Tumor score 0: 13, score 1: 4, score 2: 4, score 3: 6 Sao Paulo Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
LEAD (elemental) 0.02 ± 0.02 µg/g ww Blood concentration Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 Samanda? & Dörtyol Toxicity Factor Datasets TURKEY
LEAD (elemental) 0.010 ± 0.0014 µg/g ww Egg yolk concentration Not Reported Embryo 12 Guadeloupe, French West Indies Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 0.03 ± 0.01 µg/g ww Kidney concentration Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 Samanda? & Dörtyol Toxicity Factor Datasets TURKEY
LEAD (elemental) Review Egg yolk concentration Not Reported Embryo 2 Haha-Jimma Island Toxicity Factor Datasets JAPAN
LEAD (elemental) 0.03 ± 0.02 µg/g ww Liver concentration Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 Samanda? & Dörtyol Toxicity Factor Datasets TURKEY
LEAD (elemental) Review Egg yolk concentration Not Reported Embryo 30 Hong Kong Toxicity Factor Datasets CHINA
LEAD (elemental) Blood concentration Not Reported Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets SPAIN
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