DDE (4,4'-)

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Birds, Terrestrial birds, Passeriformes, American Robin (Turdus migratorius)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) Kettle Creek (1993): 4.9; VBNWA (1993): 46.7; ANWA LH (1997): 0.9; UBC (1997): 1.5; EC Park (1997): 3.2; ANWA (1998): 0.6; TY Park (1998): 1.9; UBC (1998): 0.6; ST Park (1998): 0.3 mg/kg Egg concentration Kettle Creek (1993): 4; VBNWA (1993): 2; ANWA LH (1997): 6; UBC (1997): 9; EC Park (1997): 1; ANWA (1998): 1; TY Park (1998): 2; UBC (1998): 5; ST Park (1998): 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

An assessment of DDT and other chlorinated compounds and the reproductive success of American robins (Turdus migratorius) breeding in fruit orchards.

Author(s)
Gill, H., Wilson, L.K., Cheng, K.M. and Elliott, J.E.
Issue
1
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) Penticton (1993): 55.8; Kelowna (1994): 17.4; Penticton (1994): 62.0; Penticton (1995): 60.3, Naramata (1997): 46.1; Penticton (1997): 26.7; Naramata (1998): 22.7 mg/kg Egg concentration B Embryo Penticton (1993): 23; Kelowna (1994): 1; Penticton (1994): 2; Penticton (1995): 13, Naramata (1997): 19; Penticton (1997): 12; Naramata (1998): 22 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

The effects of environmental exposure to DDT on the brain of a songbird: changes in structures associated with mating and song.

Author(s)
Iwaniuk, A.N., Koperski, D.T., Cheng, K.M., Elliott, J.E., Smith, L.K., Wilson, L.K. and Wylie, D.R.
Issue
1
Volume
173
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) 55.775 ug/g ww Egg concentration B Embryo 18 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Organochlorines and reproductive success of birds in orchard and non-orchard areas of central British Columbia, Canada, 1990–91.

Author(s)
Elliott, J.E., Martin, P.A., Arnold, T.W. and Sinclair, P.H.
Issue
4
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) Naramata: 103; Cawston: 67.7; Vaseaux: 1.53 mg/kg ww Egg concentration B Embryo Naramata: 5; Cawston:5; Vaseaux: 2 Okanagan Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA

Fish, Estuarine and saltwater fish (Gobiiformes), Longjaw mudsucker (Gillichthys mirabilis)

Citation:

Tidal salt marsh sediment in California, USA: Part 3. Current and historic toxicity potential of contaminants and their bioaccumulation.

Author(s)
Hwang, H.M., Green, P.G. and Young, T.M.
Issue
11
Volume
71
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
DDE (4,4'-) B: 76.3, D: 69.0, G: 63.4, O: 133, Q: 61.4, R: 78.7 Tissue concentration NR Not Reported NR Stege Marsh Toxicity Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Lab
DDE (4,4'-) Breeding: 14 ppm, non-breeding: 2.9 Unspecified tissue concentration M Not Reported Breeding: 1, non-breeding: 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) Breeding: 2.4 ppm, non-breeding: 0.99 Unspecified tissue concentration F Not Reported Breeding: 5, non-breeding: 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.39 µg/g ww Feather concentration NR Both Adults and Juveniles 45 Rio Negro Province; rural site: Bariloche; ag site: Valle Toxicity Factor Datasets ARGENTINA
DDE (4,4'-) Not detected Plasma concentration B Juvenile 13 Bahía Magdalena Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
DDE (4,4'-) 1613.5 µg/g Egg concentration NR Embryo 5 Green Bay Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) See citation Egg concentration NR Embryo Varied by site Multiple sites in Straight of Georgia Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DDE (4,4'-) 7.76 ug/kg ww Egg concentrations Embryo 14 Fern Ridge Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.74 µg/g (0.06-3.11) Egg concentration Embryo 26 Lemoore Toxicity Factor Datasets Fresno USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) Review Egg concentration Embryo See citation Toxicity Factor Datasets GERMANY
DDE (4,4'-) 0.230 µg/g fw Egg concentration Embryo 4 Naval Air Base Coronado Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.62 µg/g (0.10-3.01) Egg concentration Embryo 7 Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets Imperial USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 3.1 ± 2.65 ng/g ww Liver concentration NR Juvenile 64 SE coast Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
DDE (4,4'-) 1.68 ng/g ww Fat concentration NR 6 Pelagic Pacific Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 1.00 µg/g (0.20-25.56) Egg concentration Embryo 20 Lemoore Toxicity Factor Datasets Fresno USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 0.347 mm ± 0.017 Eggshell thickness B Embryo 24 Yellowstone National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.562 µg/g fw Egg concentration Embryo 4 Sweetwater Marsh Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
DDE (4,4'-) 2.60 µg/g (0.90-10.11) Egg concentration Embryo 21 Lemoore Toxicity Factor Datasets Fresno USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) Review Egg concentration Embryo See citation North Rhine-Westphalia / Rhineland Palatinate Toxicity Factor Datasets GERMANY
DDE (4,4'-) 1989: 1.86, 1990: 0.824, 1991: 1.17 µg/g ww Egg concentration NR Embryo 5 W. Marin Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.925 µg/g ww Egg concentration NR Embryo 5 Mallard Slough Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 2,810 ng/g ww Egg concentration Embryo 11 MD, VA Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.11 Egg concentration Embryo 22 South San Francisco Bay marshes Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 0.05 µg/g ww Brain concentration NR Nestling 10 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 1.14 µg/g (0.61-3.71) Egg concentration Embryo 16 Lemoore Toxicity Factor Datasets Fresno USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 1.19 µg/g (0.70-2.82) Egg concentration Embryo 5 Pixley Toxicity Factor Datasets Tulare USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 0.45 µg/g ww ± 0.56 Liver concentration NR Hatchling 4 Snake and Pigeon Islands, Eastern Lake Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 4.26 mg/kg Egg concentration Embryo 60 NJ, PA, DE, MD, VA Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.470 µg/g fw Egg concentration Embryo 5 Tijuana Slough Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.32 µg/g ww ± 0.15 Liver concentration NR Hatchling 4 Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 0.10 µg/g (0.09-0.30) Egg concentration Embryo 4 Carrizo Plain Toxicity Factor Datasets San Luis Obispo USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) Review Fat concentration NR Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 3.33 µg/g lw Blubber concentration B Not Reported 18 Todos Santos Bay, Ensenada, Baja California Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
DDE (4,4'-) 1982-1986: 0.76, 1990-1998: 0.27, 2004-2006: 0.12 mg/kg Plasma concentration NR Adult 1982-1986: 75, 1990-1998: 97, 2004-2006: 25 Rankin Inlet, Nunavut Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DDE (4,4'-) 4.5 ± 4.32 ng/g ww Fat concentration NR Juvenile 64 SE coast Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
DDE (4,4'-) 3.01 µg/g ww Egg concentration NR Embryo 5 S. Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 1982: 2.04, 1989: 1.71, 1990: 1.88 µg/g ww Egg concentration NR Embryo 1982: 10, 1989: 5, 1990: 5 Bair Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) Not detected Plasma concentration B Juvenile 39 Punta Abreojos Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
DDE (4,4'-) 2.70 ng/g ww Plasma concentration, geometric mean NR Nestling 38 nests Great Lake Basin Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.62 µg/g (0.20-3.40) Egg concentration Embryo 7 Salton Sea Toxicity Factor Datasets Imperial USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 0.06 µg/g ww Brain concentration NR Nestling 2 Central Everglades Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.95 µg/g ww Brain concentration NR Nestling 4 Lake Okeechobee Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.249 µg/g ww Egg concentration B Embryo 4 Lower Laguna Madre Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 7.52 µg/g (1.50-33.00) Egg concentration Embryo 9 Lemoore Toxicity Factor Datasets Fresno USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 22.33 ng/g ww ± 12.2 Egg concentration Embryo 8 Colorado River Delta Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO Laboratory

Pacific Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) 1.68 ng/g ww Fat concentration Not Reported 6 Pelagic Pacific Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) Not detected Plasma concentration Both Male and Female Juvenile 13 Bahía Magdalena Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
DDE (4,4'-) Review Fat concentration Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 4.5 ± 4.32 ng/g ww Fat concentration Not Reported Juvenile 64 SE coast Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL
DDE (4,4'-) Not detected Plasma concentration Both Male and Female Juvenile 39 Punta Abreojos Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
DDE (4,4'-) 3.1 ± 2.65 ng/g ww Liver concentration Not Reported Juvenile 64 SE coast Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL

Snowy Egret (Egretta thula)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) 1982: 2.04, 1989: 1.71, 1990: 1.88 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 1982: 10, 1989: 5, 1990: 5 Bair Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 1989: 1.86, 1990: 0.824, 1991: 1.17 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 W. Marin Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.925 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Mallard Slough Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 3.01 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 S. Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA

American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Enzymatic changes in the oviduct associated with DDE-induced eggshell thinning in the kestrel, Falco sparverius

Author(s)
Bird, David M., David B. Peakall and David S. Miller
Pages
22-24
Year
Volume
31
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) decrease Calcium ATPase activity of shell gland Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

DDE-induced eggshell thinning in the American kestrel: A comparison of the field situation and laboratory results

Author(s)
Lincer, Jeffrey L.
Pages
781-793
Year
Issue
3
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) decrease at all doses (15.1-29.2%) eggshell thickness Female Adult 2-5 pairs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Organochlorine contaminants in a terrestrial foodweb on the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario, Canada 1987 - 89

Author(s)
Hebert, C.E., D.V. Weseloh, L. Kot and V. Glooschenko
Pages
356-366
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) 5.53 mg/kg egg (wet wt) mean DDE concentration in eggs (pooled analyses) Both Male and Female Embryo 10 eggs N. Niagra Peninsula, Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Accumulation of lead and organochlorine residues in captive American kestrels fed pine voles from apple orchards

Author(s)
Stendell, Rey C., W. Nelson Beyer and Robert A. Stehn
Pages
388-391
Year
Issue
3
Volume
25
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, LEAD COMPOUNDS 232 (9 SE) ppm (wet wt) DDE concentration in carcass Female Juvenile 2 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, LEAD COMPOUNDS 10.4 (0.6 SE) ppm (wet wt) DDE concentration in brain Female Juvenile 2 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, LEAD COMPOUNDS decreased bw (versus pre-study bw) Female Juvenile 2 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Kestrel predatory behavior under chronic low-level exposure to DDE

Author(s)
Rudolph, Seri G., Daniel W. Anderson and Robert W. Risebrough
Pages
121-136
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect variance in kestrel response time to prey stimulus Not Reported Adult 6 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

DDE at Low Dietary Levels Kills Captive American Kestrels

Author(s)
Porter, Richard D. and Stanley N. Wiemeyer
Pages
193-199
Year
Issue
4
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 984.1-1438.6 ppm (dry wt) brain residues in birds that died Male Adult 2 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Organochlorine residues in raptor eggs in the Cayuga Lake Basin

Author(s)
Lincer, Jeffrey L., and Richard J. Clark
Pages
121-128
Year
Issue
2
Volume
25
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 10% decrease eggshell thickness change relative to control Female Adult 34 eggs Cayuga Lake Basin Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bird poisonings with cyclodienes in suburbia: Links to historic use on turf

Author(s)
Okoniewski, Joseph C. and Elizabeth Novesky
Pages
630-639
Year
Issue
3
Volume
57
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased occurence of wild birds dying diagnosed with organochlorine poisoning Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 5 kestrels Toxicity Factor Datasets

Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:

DDE, PTH, and Eggshell Thinning in Mallard, Pheasant and Ring Dove

Author(s)
Haseltine, S., K. Uelbelhart, T. Peterle and S. Lustick
Pages
139-145
Year
Issue
2
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 20.4% decrease eggshell thickness versus controls Female Adult 6 hens; 45 total eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 17% decrease serum calcium versus controls Female Adult 6 hens; 45 total eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) no effect serum calcium after PTH injection versus controls Female Adult 6 hens; 45 total eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dicofol on mallard eggshell quality

Author(s)
Bennett, Jewel K., Stephen E. Dominguez and William L. Griffis
Pages
907-912
Year
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect egg production during study period Female Adult 5-10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

DDE feeding and plasma osmoregulation in ducks, guillemots and puffins

Author(s)
Miller, David S., William B. Kinter, David B. Peakall and Robert W. Risebrough
Pages
370-376
Year
Volume
231
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 10.6 +/- 2.2 ppm nasal gland, 16.1 +/- 5.1 ppm liver, 5.8 +/- 1.1 ppm kidney, 1.9 +/- 0.1 ppm brain @ 100 ppm diet mean (+/- SE) DDE levels (ppm wet weight) Both Male and Female Juvenile 4 Toxicity Factor Datasets 3-5 mo Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) no effect nasal gland secretion volume Both Male and Female Juvenile 5-11 Toxicity Factor Datasets 3-5 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of DDE on the Ca metabolism of the duck eggshell gland and its subcellular fractions; Relations to the functional stage

Author(s)
Lundholm, C.E.
Pages
5-12
Year
Volume
78
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect plasma calcium concentration Female Adult Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 25% decrease @ 40 mg/kg calcium content of secreted fluid in the shell gland, compared to control Female Adult 5/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of p-p'-DDE administered in vivo and in vitro on Ca2+ binding and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity in egg shell gland mucosa of ducks

Author(s)
Lundholm, C.E.
Pages
121-129
Year
Volume
50
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 18% decrease @ 40 mg/kg eggshell index (shell weight/length x breadth), compared to control Female Adult 18 Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 38 ug/g wet weight egg (yolk + white), 1.20 ug/g wet weight egg shell gland mucosa @ 40 mg/kg mean DDE concentrations Female Adult 7-9 Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 32% decrease @ 40 mg/kg Ca2+-Mg2+ ATPase activity in eggshell gland mucosa homogenates, compared to controls Female Adult Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) 5.8 ppm; range, 3.6-8.2 ppm (wet wt) mean and range of concentration in carcass, wet wt Both Male and Female Adult 4 bats near cities Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Citation:

Significance of chlorinated hydrocarbon residues to breeding pelicans and cormorants

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Joseph J. Hickey, Robert W. Risebrough, Donald F. Hughes, and Robert E. Christensen
Pages
91-112
Year
Volume
83
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 10.4 ppm DDE, 8 ppm est. PCBs, <0.1 ppm DDD, 0.2 ppm DDT residues measured in live and dead eggs Female Adult 11 colonies Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS negative correlation correlation of egg concentration of DDE and est. PCB's and shell thickness and weight Female Adult 35 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS decreased 8.3% compared with pre-1940 reference measurements eggshell thickness Female Adult 35 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA

Western Grebe (Aechmophorus occidentalis)

Citation:

Effects of DDE, TDEm and PCBs on shell thickness of western grebe eggs, Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah - 1973-74

Author(s)
Lindvall, Mark L. and Jessop B. Low
Pages
108-111
Year
Issue
3
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-) decreased compared with pre-1940 eggs eggshell thickness index (Ratcliffe's Index) Not Reported Embryo 93 eggs Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorine pesticide and PCB residues in western grebes from Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge

Author(s)
Lindvall, Mark and Jessop B. Low
Pages
754-760
Year
Issue
6
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 12.8 ppm DDE, 0.8 ppm DDD, wet wt mean concentration in breast muscle Not Reported Adult 24 birds Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorine chemical residues in white pelicans and western grebes from the Klamath Basin, California

Author(s)
Boellstorff, D.E., H.M. Ohlendorf, D.W. Anderson, E.J. O'Neill, J.O. Keith and R.M.Prouty
Pages
485-493
Year
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS no effect eggshell thickness compared with pre-1947 measurements Not Reported Embryo 29 eggs Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets

California Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris ssp. obsoletus)

Citation:

Trace element and organochlorine concentrations in California clapper rail (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) eggs

Author(s)
Lonzarich, David G., Thomas E. Harvey and Jean E. Takekawa
Pages
147-153
Year
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
CHLORDANE, DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR, MERCURY (elemental), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS, SELENIUM (elemental) no effect eggshell thickness compared to those of museum eggs from 1907 and 1936 Female Adult 29 eggs North and South San Francisco Bay Toxicity Factor Datasets

Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)

Citation:

The nesting, reproductive performance, and chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in the red-tailed hawk and great horned owl in south-central Montana

Author(s)
Seidensticker, John C. and Harry V. Reynolds
Pages
408-418
Year
Issue
4
Volume
83
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE no effect eggshell thickness compared to pre-1946 museum speciments Female Adult 3 eggs south-central Montana Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Pesticide levels, egg and eggshell parameters of great horned owls

Author(s)
Springer, Mark A.
Pages
184-187
Year
Issue
4
Volume
80
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
AROCLOR 1254, DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, OXYCHLORDANE 5% decrease eggshell thickness index compared with reference eggs Female Adult 18 eggs, 15 clutches Butler, Delaware, Hamilton Counties Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorine pesticide-related mortalities of raptors and other birds in New York, 1982-1986.

Author(s)
Stone, Ward B. and Joseph C. Okoniewski
Pages
429-438
Publisher
The Peregrine Fund, Inc.
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, MIREX, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased mortality due to pesticide exposure based on history, ante-mortem signs, and gross pathology Not Reported Not Reported 8 owls Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorine toxicants in great horned owls from New York, 1981-82

Author(s)
Stone, Ward B., and Joseph C. Okoniewski
Pages
1-7
Year
Issue
1
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased mortality due to PCB intoxication, based on brain residues Female Adult 1 owl Greene County Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bird poisonings with cyclodienes in suburbia: Links to historic use on turf

Author(s)
Okoniewski, Joseph C. and Elizabeth Novesky
Pages
630-639
Year
Issue
3
Volume
57
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased occurence of wild birds dying diagnosed with organochlorine poisoning Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 13 owls Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

First records of chlordane-related mortality in wild birds

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J. and Charles J. Henny
Pages
196-198
Year
Issue
1
Volume
47
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased occurence of mortality as a result of organochlorine poisoning Female Adult 1 owl 6 km s. of Corvallis Toxicity Factor Datasets

Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

Citation:

Trophic accumulation of DDT in a terrestrial food web

Author(s)
Rudd, R.L., R.B. Craig and W.S. Williams
Pages
219-228
Year
Volume
25
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 293.43-820.93 ppm, lipid weight concentrations of DDT, DDE, DDD (combined) in skin and brains, 2 years post-application Not Reported Not Reported 2 birds 3.2 km NE of Davis Toxicity Factor Datasets Yolo
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) see figure figure showing concentration of DDT and metabolites in skin and brains before and after application Not Reported Not Reported 27 birds (3-4/sampling time) 3.2 km NE of Davis Toxicity Factor Datasets Yolo
Citation:

DDE residues and eggshell thinning in loggerhead shrikes

Author(s)
Anderson, William L., and Ronald E. Duzan
Pages
215-220
Year
Issue
2
Volume
90
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 3.09 (0.09 SE) ppm, wet wt concentration in eggs Not Reported Embryo 20 clutches, 104 eggs southern IL Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) decreased eggshell thickness index compared with reference samples collected in 1875-95 Not Reported Embryo 20 clutches, 104 eggs southern IL Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) y = 92.610 - 2.412 log x linear negative correlation of egg DDE concentration and shell thickness Not Reported Embryo 20 clutches, 104 eggs southern IL Toxicity Factor Datasets

Least Tern (Sterna antillarum)

Citation:

Organochlorine pollutants and population status of least terns in South Carolina

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J. and Richard M. Prouty
Pages
62-71
Year
Issue
1
Volume
91
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 7% decrease eggshell thickness compared with pre-1947 reference eggs Female Adult 20 eggs Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets
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OEHHA California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment